...Recreation Definition: Recreation ➢ Refreshment by means of some pastime, agreeable exercise, or the like. Macquarie Dictionary ➢ Any form of play, amusement, etc. used for refreshment of body or mind. Collins Australian Pocket English Dictionary ➢ Simply defined, recreation refers to experiences and activities chosen and pursued by the individual in his/her free time; the basis being that the experience sought and activities pursued, in the real sense of the word, 're-creates' the individual so that he/she may be refreshed to enable him/her to resume daily obligations, whatever those may be. John Ap (1986) Recreation trends and implications for government. In R. Castle, D. Lewis & J. Mangan (eds) Work, Leisure and Technology. Melbourne, Longman Cheshire,167-83 ( p. 167). ➢ Recreation consists of an activity or experience, usually chosen voluntarily by the participant, either because of the immediate satisfaction to be derived from it, or because he perceives some personal or social values to be achieved by it. It is carried on in leisure time, and has no work connotations, such as study for promotion in a job. It is usually enjoyable and when it is carried on as part of organized or community services, it is designed to meet constructive and socially worthwhile goals of the individual participant, the group and society at large. Richard Kraus (1966) Recreation Today: Program Planning and Leadership. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice-Hall...
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...Individual Report PART 1 My responsibility was to read through, discuss and analyze the Consultancy Report about the John West case with the title “The sustainable strategy for Tuna Fishery”. Having the experience of our work depending on “Aldi”, I have to recommend some important points on my classmates’ report, which are missing or incomprehensible. My first recommendation is that each consultancy report is certainly required to have a specific market point and to include a PEST analysis of the company. After that, it would be necessary to have a comparison and a clear benchmarking between John West and its competitors and a feasibility analysis. Furthermore, the solution section should include not only the proposals of a different fishing method but also the financial impact that each one of these methods could have on the company and how each one of these methods could help the company to improve its products’ quality and its sales. Finally, since the problem is recognized and the consultancy group tries to solve it, the advertisement should not be only as a reference but it should be part of the solution. 1. Specific market point and PEST analysis Reading through the project it is not clearly comprehensible that the report is based in United Kingdom’s market. The result of this fact on the consultancy report is that we do not know the exact competitors, the exact consumers, the specific market pool and it is reasonable that the SWOT analysis is not as accurate as it...
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...To the benefit of current stakeholders, participants in Maine’s lobstering industry have historically been diligent in their efforts preserve this resource. In fact, Maine is frequently used as a model for “co-management”, due to the way it uses a “top-down management” strategy to allow a multitude of stakeholders to participate in the creation of legislation relevant to the industry (Berkes, 2008, p. 1692). Furthermore, this style places an emphasis on the sharing of “power and responsibility between the government and local resource users” (Berkes, 2008, p. 1692). As a result this strategy encourages users ‘skills and first-hand knowledge to provide “effective and equitable” solutions to immediate management challenges (Jentoft, McCay, & Wilson,...
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...comfortable. As soon as I chose the necessary items for water and fire, I gave up the rifle immediately, which I know it is really useless because there would not be any animals to hunt and we didn’t need a gun to protect ourselves. It was easy to choose the top and bottom items, but I was kind of hesitated while choosing the middle class items. When discussing in a group, each person had offered their ideas and they all have different priorities than the others. We basically brought out items like which one was the top one and which one was the second. During this progress, all of us were trying to persuade each other because they were all so filled with passion like one of my group member was so attracted by the fishing line an hooks that she wanted to go fishing so much. It was pretty fun actually by discussing kind of different material than the materials we discussed in the other classes. To my surprise, we have four group members out of six who really wanted that rifle gun. So I and another group member tried really hard to persuade them but in a result of have the rifle gun at...
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...responsible tourism are being practiced so that the island can continue to attract tourists through the year. 1.1 Background Information Perhentian Island, known also as ‘Stopover Island’, is one of the two gems located in the East Coast of Malaysia. Perhentian when translated in English means, post. It is clustered off Terengganu which is located further at the Northern of Terengganu which borders the neighbouring state of Kelantan. Perhentian Island’s accessible point is through Kuala Besut. It is a small Terengganu fishing village filled with Kelantanese culture and heritage. The name Perhentian Island itself is known to have originated from fishermen who would find cover by stopping at the island, especially in times of emergency like during a thunderstorm and bad weather. Furthermore, it is also due to the role it plays as a post for traders and fishermen back in those days. Currently, the island’s only permanent inhabitants are living in a small fishing village. The island provides innovative tours with a variety of activities with nature trekking showcasing also their culture and heritage experience. The island has no structures taller than a two storey building with an exception of its only single mainland-communications tower. Perhentian Island’s base of economic is mainly its tourism sector which brings about a limited amount of people on the island to prevent overcrowding on the island’s nature reserve. Perhentian Island imposes strict laws in conserving its...
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...Freshwater and Saltwater Fishing Fishing is a sport enjoyed by many outdoor enthusiast. There is nothing like hearing the sharp, high pitched whining of the reel as your line gets pulled into the depths of the glistening, crystal clear, salty water. There are two types of fishing; saltwater and freshwater. Many people do not realize the vast differences in the two types of fishing, or even the obvious similarities. Selecting the right equipment for the different fishing styles, such as tackle and bait, can make or break an anglers day. Any fisherman needs some basic gear to be successful on the water. Whether it is saltwater or freshwater fishing, there are three essential parts to a fishing setup. The first would be a fishing pole. This is used to string your line and allow you to reel it back in once you have hooked a fish. The second would be your line which is used to cast out into the water. The last vital component to any fishing setup would be the hook. With any luck, the fish will latch onto your hook and you can reel it in. The main differences in freshwater and saltwater fishing is the type of tackle that is used. Lakes and ponds are usually the main spots for freshwater fishing, whereas saltwater fishing is done in the massive ocean. These size differences in the water holes has a drastic affect on the size of your catch. Freshwater fish are typically smaller, usually around 10 pounds, while saltwater fish can be as big as a car. In order to pull in a massive...
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...RESEARCH QUESTION: WHAT ARE THE OSTACLES FACING THE GALAPAGOS CONSERVANCY? What are the obstacles facing the Galapagos Conservancy? "Ninety-five percent of the reptiles, 50% of the birds, 42% of the land plants, 70% to 80% of the insects and 17% of the fish live nowhere else in the world" according to Michael D. Lemonick and Andrea Dorfman in their article “Can the Galapagos Survive” (Lemonick and Dorfman). The Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean are in danger. Excessive tourism, the growing encroachment of invasive species introduced by immigrants and the overfishing of the surrounding waters are taking a toll on the biodiversity of the islands. These are three major obstacles which face the Galapagos Conservancy in their efforts to preserve the Galapagos Islands. One of the threats to the biodiversity on the Galapagos Islands is the rising number of visitors. Tourism numbers are "growing 8% a year" claims Lemonick and Dorfman (Lemonick and Dorfman). While this tourism brings the anticipated turnover for the government, the quantity of tourists may be damaging the Galapagos Islands. To accomodate the staggering number of tourists more hotels are being built, public transportation is increasing and the waste and pollution levels are growing. According to Michael Buckley in his article, "Islands of Wonder and Shame", "Tourism is a two-edged sword: it brings in much-needed revenue to the tune of $75 million a year, but excessive tourism simply won't work in a natural...
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...Regionalism Phaedra Rosengarth ENG302 November 29, 2010 Judith Glass Regionalism Literature which highlights a specific geographical setting and the history, manners, and folkways of the area in order to shape the lives of the characters is known as regionalism. The foothills and central coast regions of California are described in detail in the stories, “The Outcasts of Poker Flat,” by Bret Harte and “The Joy Luck Club,” by Amy Tan, and the poem, “The Purse Seine,” by Robinson Jeffers. “The Outcasts of Poker Flat” by Bret Harte is set approximately halfway between the mining camps of Poker Flat and Sandy Bar, located in the foothills of the Sierra Nevadas, during the California Gold Rush in November 1850. The main characters are the Duchess, a prostitute; John Oakhurst, a gambler; Mother Shipton, a madam (who owns the prostitute Duchess); Tom Simson, a very innocent young man; Uncle Billy, a thief and drunk; and Piney Woods, who is Tom Simson’s bride-to-be. The best description of the original camp site is “a wooded amphitheatre, surrounded on three sides by precipitous cliffs of naked granite, sloped gently toward the crest of another precipice that overlooked the valley” (Perkins and Perkins, 2009, p. 1179). This shows how rugged and steep the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California are. The inhabitants of Poker Flat hope to improve the town by banishing a group of undesirables: expert gambler John Oakhurst; a prostitute known as Duchess; her madam, Mother Shipton;...
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...been fishing for eighty-four days and has not caught a fish. This symbolizes defeat in Santiago’s life. Santiago does not intend on giving up, but instead he has determination and tells himself that he will go fishing every day until he finally catches a fish. Santiago has a lot of pride in himself, and I find this to be a very rare trait, especially in today’s world. The theme of The Old Man and the Sea is to never give up in any circumstance, because you never know what might happen next. Santiago never gave up and went fishing every day until he hooked the marlin, and he stayed with that marlin until he was able to kill it. When the sharks began to attack Santiago’s boat so they could eat the marlin, Santiago knew it was hopeless and that he would lose the fish, but he still fought them off as long as he could. Even though Santiago was defeated in his fishing trip, he emerged as a hero to not only himself, but to all the people around him as well. The Old Man and the Sea has a few characters. First, there is Santiago who is a fisherman that has not caught a fish in over eighty days but refuses to give up. Santiago is the “Old Man” in the story’s title and knows more than most people about fishing and the water. Santiago is a very humble man and he has a lot of self confidence in all of the things that he does. Manolin, who seems to be Santiago’s apprentice, is a young boy that helps Santiago with his fishing. Ever since Santiago has been having bad luck with his fishing, Manolin’s...
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...initial 500 fish in the Reserve area, assuming there is no fishing or other source of predation. Sketch a BOT graph as a reference mode that shows the pattern of change of the fish population over the 40 year period. Briefly explain the dynamics that your CLD reveals, any archetypal patterns of behaviour, and any other insights your initial analysis demonstrates. (This task has similar requirements to Assignment 1). BOT The BOT demonstrates the patterns of behaviour the fish population at ‘Lakeland Reserve’ over 40 years Year FISH POPULATION PATTERN OF BEHAVIOUR OF FISH POPULATION 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 40 Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1, at the beginning (t=0) there are only 500 fishes. Hence, more fishes are added to the reserve and the fish population in the reserve keeps growing. The rate at which fishes are added is at an accelerating rate. However, when the reserve reaches its maximum capacity at 4000 fishes, the fish population starts to decline at a diminishing rate. CLD The CLD visualizes the interrelated variables in terms of the behaviour of fish population at ‘Lakeland Reserve’ during this period Figure 2 Figure 2, the casual loop diagram including three loops (two reinforcing loops and one balancing loop), demonstrates the fish regeneration dynamics of ‘Lakeland Reserve’ based on the initial 500 fishes in the Reserve area, assuming there is no fishing or other source of predation. As shown by R1, as the amount...
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...temperatures. Fish and other species are sensitive to these temperature irregularities, which often destroy native populations. 4. Dams decrease oxygen levels in reservoir waters When oxygen-deprived water is released from behind the dam, it kills fish downstream. 5. Dams hold back silt, debris, and nutrients By slowing flows, dams allow silt to collect on river bottoms and bury fish spawning habitat. Silt trapped above dams accumulates heavy metals and other pollutants. Gravel, logs and other debris are also trapped by dams, eliminating their use downstream as food and habitat. 6. Dam turbines hurt fish Following currents downstream, fish can be injured or killed by turbines. A large number of fisher communities are dependent upon fishing for livelihood. These fisher communities are classified as full time, part time and...
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...suppliers who are not fishing in a sustainable manner. This approach to sustainability is superficial. The rejected seafood by your company, not in-line with their sustainability standards, can be readily sold elsewhere. Your company is not providing incentives for the suppliers to reach sustainability goals together. This report provides a recommendation and an implementation plan for your company to achieve their goals while demonstrating true sustainability. With regards to the triple bottom line, your company is focusing their attention on Place (nature) while neglecting the People (suppliers) affected in the change. They intend to increase their profits by differentiating themselves through sustainability but as a fisherman pointed out in the article, it resembles a marketing ploy. Knowing some suppliers would be negatively impacted by the change; Your company did little to ease the transition. In fact, your company made the transition more difficult by moving up the deadline for adopting sustainable practices. The lack of interaction and cooperation between your company and the suppliers makes its sustainability initiative seem questionable. Your company’s competitive strategy is focused differentiation and any organizational actions and stance taken should be derived from its unique proposition. Current state between your company and the suppliers is being managed using a power strategy, leading to an unsustainable relationship. The fishing ban is a change in...
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...status quo. The report will include * An introduction of the issue. * A summary of at least three journal articles relevant to the issue. * Evaluation of your three improvement options. * Self-reflection on how you could improve the work that I have submitted for this assignment. 2. Environmental Issue 2.1 Overfishing The environmental issue I have chosen for this assignment is Ocean Overfishing. Overfishing is when a particular type of fish is harvested so often and in such great numbers that the population of that fish is severely depleted, resulting in endangerment and potential extinction. This generally is the result of commercial, rather than recreational, fishing. Overfishing has implications well beyond marine life; it affects the human food supply, the fishing industry, and the environment. 3 Journal Articles 3.1 Article 1 Singh, T. (2012, September). Overfishing leaves North Sea With Just 100 Adult Cod, http://inhabitat.com. This article provides information on the growing problem of Overfishing, and possible ways...
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...view this video, she saw art in the form of fishnets and made her creations to life. She Mentions in the video that she herself never thought of herself as being an artist in her life. After she has been reject from 7 different art schools she began to paint ten years later on her own. One day she was offer a Fulbright in India where she had the opportunity to have an exhibition of her paintings. When she arrived in India to show off her art in her exhibition she ran into a slight dilemma, her paintings never arrived with her. While trying to come up with a solution to her problem, she stayed in a fishing village that was famous for sculptures. While observing the local she tried to create a bronze casting but realized that creating a sculpture out of bronze would be too costly and heavy to create. One day while she was strolling down the beach she notices fishermen working on fishing nets and that’s when she viewed nets in a whole different view. She began to think out of the box to try and make a sculpture volumetric form without the weight of heavy material. Her first creation of art is known to many as Wide Hips and was made with the help of fisherman from the village where she stayed at....
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...My hometown is quite a small village about 45km from Nha trang city. It is in the middle of Vietnam. The areas in my village are surrounded by the sea. You can call it “ fishing village”. Far away from the beach, there are some beautiful islands. It will be a great place for the travellers who are interested in it. The weather is so comfortable, there are two main seasion in the year, it is dry seasion and rainy seasion. My hometown is a fishing village so the life is rather quiet and poor. It is not as noisy and developmental as the big cities. We have only a small market, gas station and a primary school because most of the young people are living, working and learning in Nhatrang City or Hochiminh City. The oldmen, women and children are the main people who live here. All of the men in my village are fishermen. They are very hard-working, friendly and kind. Everyday they get up in the early morning to go to work. They catch many kind of diffirent sea foods in the sea. Their wife will stay at home, do housework, take care of the chidren and wait for their husband. When the men come back home, their wife will get the seafood, go to the market and sell them. That’s their daily work. Their life depend on the seafood which they catch everday so it is more difficult. The main job in my hometown is fishing and The fisherman believe that the Whale will protect them when they are working in the sea. Therefore we always have a fetival for the Whale every year. We wear traditional...
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