flowing plants

Q. Why are flowing plants considered by many botanists to be the most successful land plants?
Answer to the student: The plants in which the sex organs are carried within the flowers and the seeds are enclosed in a fruit are called angiosperms. Angiosperms are commonly known as flowering plants. Many botanists considered the flowering plants are the most successful group of land plants. Flowering plant success is primarily attributed to their co-evolution with animals (Chae K, Lord EM, 2011). When spore-producing plants need on water for reproduction, while non-flowering seed plants need wind to carry pollen to a seed. There are some systems of nature it contains to success. Earliest developments that led to the flowering plants' to success were the evolution of a vascular system. The vascular system allowed them to grow larger and shade their competitors (Chae K, Lord EM, 2011). Root system with a large surface area allowed for absorption of minerals, phosphates, sulphates, fixed nitrogen, and water and this system is help to grow especially water. Root system allowed for mutualistic relationships with some fungi, and, in legumes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The waxy cuticle and bark slowed water loss even in direct sunlight. Pollen allowed plants to grow at a distance from each other in dry climates the sperm did not have to swim across the environment. Flowers (color, scent, nectar) attracted pollinators (Chae K, Lord EM, 2011). Seeds containing nutrients and energy for the plant embryo within, allowing the seed to survive for years before germinating, thus allowing the plant species to "skip a bad year for germinating. Researchers have long chalked it up to their flowers, which enlist insects and other animals to help them reproduce and spread. Flowering plants are so successful because they have adaptations that allow them to live on land. Real adaptation examples: Retain moisture, transport water and other resources between plant parts, grow upright, and reproduce without free-standing water. Flowers allow them to attract pollinators (bees, bats, moths, birds) and encourage/promote cross pollination, leading to genetic variation which contributes to the success of Angiosperms. Whereas Gymnosperms typically rely upon wind/water/chance to disperse their seeds. The development of flowers and fruit in angiosperms is another factor that gives flowering plants an advantage over mosses when living on land. Flowers are four sets of modified leaves: petals, stamens, sepals, and carpels (Julian C, Rodrigo J, Herrero M, 2011). These modified leaves cover the flower before it opens. The petals contain brightly colored and attract insects and other pollinators spread the sperm. Stamens are a common male reproductive organs in a flower, whereas the carpel houses the female reproductive organs. A stamen consists of a supportive filament, and an anther, where pollen is produced. A carpel houses the stigma, which opens into a tube called the style, which leads to the ovary of the plant. The evolution of flowers was an important step towards angiosperms being successful land because pollination by both wind and pollinators took advantage of terrestrial animals and wind patterns. When I go to the fruits it is a mature ovaries, which develop from fertilized ovules, which thicken and enlarge after fertilization. Fruits also protect dormant seeds within them, and aid in their dispersal. Modifications in fruits help to disperse seeds in a variety of ways. These some factors are most help to flowering plant to success in land.
References:
1. Chae K, Lord EM. Pollen tube growth and guidance: roles of small, secreted proteins. Annals of Botany 2011;108:627-636. 2. Julian C, Rodrigo J, Herrero M. Stamen development and winter dormancy in apricot (Prunus armeniaca). Annals of Botany 2011;108:617-625.