...Nauru, the world’s smallest republic with 21 sq. kilometers of land, is a phosphate rock island with rich deposits near the surface that allows easy strip mining operations. Nauruans enjoyed strip mining for a century as it made them among the richest people in the world. Billions of dollars worth of phosphates had been exported. The damage to their environment due to mining was so severe. The rehabilitation of the devastated land and the replacement of income from phosphate are serious long-term problems. Since 2000, Nauru’s economy has relied largely on payments for fishing rights within its exclusive economic zone and the detention center camps for asylum seekers to Australia, which held Afghan, Burmese, and Sri Lankan refugees. The government-owned mining company, the Republic of Nauru Phosphate Company, or RONPhos, initiated the mining of subsurface secondary reserves of phosphate in late 2009, along with a new rehabilitation program for mined-out land. The rehabilitation program includes the development of a new national cemetery, a nursery for developing native flora for the reforestation of the island, a catchment area for a freshwater reservoir and a conservation area. The Nauru’s example is a warning for the Philippines. The Philippines is the fifth most mineral-rich country in the world for gold, nickel, copper, and chromite. It is home to the largest copper-gold deposit in the world. The Mines and Geosciences Bureau has estimated that the country has an estimated...
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...France The little powerhouse that is France is home to the most romantic city in the world, Paris. Its area is slightly less than the size of Texas at 643,701 sq km. Other major cities in the country are Marseille-Aix-en-Provence, Lyon, Lille, and Cannes which is famous for the film festival. French is the official language, and its neighbors include Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Switzerland. The United States has quite a few less neighbors at 2, which are Canada and Mexico. France is easily navigable by water as all natural waterways crisscross the country. The Loire River is 625 miles long, beginning in the southeastern part of France and flows into the Bay of Biscay. While the Loire is the longest, the Rhone is the ‘biggest river in France in terms of depth and volume’ (USA Today, Travel Tips). The Seine River comes in third, but is largest as far as popularity and name recognition go. It is home to many places tourists frequent. France is also surrounded by many well-known bodies of water including the Atlantic Ocean, the English Channel, the Bay of Biscay, and the Mediterranean Sea. The populations of France and the United States differ tremendously. An estimated 62,814,233 people call France their home while an estimated 313,847,465 people live in America. The French are principally Celtic and Latin, Slavic, North Africa, and Indochinese and Americans are white, black, Asian, Amerindian and Alaska native, native Hawaiian, and other Pacific Islander (The World...
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...Brazilians get close to each other while speaking Portuguese to one another. A pat on the back is normal during conversation. Brazilians are said to be theatrical and over emotional. Brazilians use the thumbs up sign to show their means of approval. However the ok sign is very offensive to Brazilians. Eye contact is important because it shows your interest in what they are speaking about. Brazilians prefer face-to-face meetings to written communication because it allows them to know the person they are doing business. The individual they deal with is more important than the company. It is considered acceptable to interrupt someone who is speaking. French is the original language of France. Interruptions often occur while emotions run high. First names are only used by family and close friends. The French have and animated and theatrical style. A handshake is a common form of greeting. Only friends can greet each other with kiss on the cheek. Mutual trust and respect is required to get things done. Trust is earned through proper behavior. The French are very direct because they are not afraid of asking questions. English, Mandarin, Malay, and Tamil are the national languages of Singapore. Pausing before answering to a question indicates that they have given the question appropriate thought and they response carefully. They tend to be subtle, indirect and implicit in their communications. Singaporeans rely on facial expression, tone of voice and posture to tell them what someone...
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...Comparing and Contrasting France Verses Kenya awd Introduction Kenya is located approximately on the map as 2N, 38E. (Latitude, Longitude.) Kenya became independent in 1963, and only had three presidents since. The current population is estimated as 30, 339,770. The official language is Swahili. It has a host of cultural practices and beliefs. France is a country in Western Europe. It is famous for its wine and cheese. People in France also enjoy croissants and different kinds of bread but baguette is the most popular. They also like truffles; a black, warty fungus that grow in the roots of oak and hazelnut trees. Truffles are really expensive and they use trained pigs to find them. The study compares these two countries France and Kenya within the setting of International Management practices. Comparing and Contrasting France Verses Kenya Kenya is located in East Africa and borders Somalia to the northeast, Ethiopia to the north, Sudan to the northwest, Uganda to the west, Tanzania to the south, and the Indian Ocean to the east. The country straddles the equator, covering a total of 224,961 square miles (582,600 square kilometers; roughly twice the size of the state of Nevada). Kenya has wide white-sand beaches on the coast. Inland plains cover three-quarters of the country; they are mostly bush, covered in underbrush. In the west are the highlands where the altitude rises from three thousand to ten thousand feet. Nairobi, Kenya's largest city and capital, is...
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...Multi-Layered and multi-levelled? Public law architectures for the 21st century Since the 19th century the world has changed. Some aspects of life have changed more, others less. The means of communication, technology and transportation of the 21st century, for example, are light-years away from those of the 19th century. Public law concepts have not kept pace. In the words of an author of the book reviewed here, reflecting on the concept of ‘the state’ and the problem of sovereignty: in political as in constitutional legal theory, we still need to cut off the King’s head,1 as we are still entrenched in the philosophical and constitutional language of the 19th century.2 But recently, with European integration and globalisation, change has also occurred in the traditional concepts of public law such as “state” or “constitution”. The book edited by Bamforth and Leyland is about this change over the last thirty years or so.3 “Public Law in a Multi-Layered Constitution” is a significant contribution to a better understanding of how public law is transformed, in Great Britain and elsewhere. The title of the book as well as its introduction (pp. 1-26) state that its central theme is the transformation of the British constitution into a “multi-layered constitution.” This is meant to refer to a constitution that “contains multiple, but inter-connected and sometimes overlapping European and national layers”,4 where “power (both legislative and political) has been spread away from the Westminister...
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...to maintain Canada’s army. Canadians have 500 000 men enlisted in the army but if we need 100 000 more men to win the war then I say we need conscription. But I hear you saying, “You can force a man to go to war but you can’t make him fight” ladies and gentleman I can assure you that if a man’s life is in danger and he has a gun to defend himself with he will use it. As for who it will affect most I believe the French-Canadians will be the people most affected if the conscription goes through. I believe this because the province of Quebec has had the least amount of participation in the war. When asked why they cared so little about the war the French-Canadians said, “We do not care about Britain” But as many of you know Britain and France are on the same side of the war. When we confronted...
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...veil, I want people to think about the impact that this ban can have on women like me. Even though I do not live in France, countries around France are beginning to act similarly, and so sooner or later it will affect me and the women around me. “In our country, we cannot accept that women be prisoners behind a screen, cut off from all social life, deprived of all identity,” he said to rolling applause. “The burqa is not a religious sign, it’s a sign of subservience, a sign of debasement – I want to say it solemnly: It will not be welcome on the territory of the French Republic” (“Sarkozy speaks out against burka”, 2009) is what French president Nicholas Sarkozy said on March 2004, according to BBC News. What happens if the ban is applied is that women who are seen wearing the veil in public will be fined 15o euros (£119). 30,000 euros and a one-year sentence to jail will befall men who force their women to wear the veil (“French Senate Votes to Ban Islamic Veil in Public”, 2010). The word people use to describe the veil differs from a group to another. Muslim women in France refer to it as Hijab, French refer to it as foulard, English refer to it as headscarf, and the media refers to it as veil (voile). The veil itself has no meaning, since it is just a piece of cloth, just like a shirt or a trouser. It is the symbolic meaning that matters. Since 2004, France has become known for targeting Muslim women wearing the veil...
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...development of France as a nation and the French identity has been a complicated and gradual process. Though it is true that France is a country in Western Europe and its inhabitants speak French, there is much more to the definition of France as a nation, society, or culture. France began its development by becoming a civilization, something directly opposed to "barbarism" and, as defined by the Oxford English Dictionary, "the action or proves of civilizing or of being civilized; a developed or advanced state of human society." France then began to develop into a nation, or a modern political institution. Many of its national values are based on Enlightenment philosophers, who said that "governments should be reflections of the governed, of the people" (Lesson 1). Just as France does, every nation has a history, or "origin story," that describes how it originated and what type of being belongs in the French nation. After the Gauls, Roman Empire, and German invasion, the French Revolution finally brought about three values that define the French nation: liberté, fraternité, and égalité (liberty, brotherhood, and equality). The following two articles will show how these values and others, such as French exceptionalism and separatism, affect the French attitude towards the European Union. The first article summarizes France's response to a request from the European Commission for information about its recent Roma expulsions. According to the background, government in France "has been...
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...The business plan assumed that the people from all over Europe would flock to EuroDisney. This plan wasn’t good because it failed to recognize how diverse those consumers would be. Although Europe is united as the European Union, the cultures have always been extremely distinct and independent. To what degree do you consider that these factors were a) foreseeable b) controllable by either EuroDisney or the parent company Disney? A closer look into the history and a better understanding of the characters of Europe and the European market place would have enabled the Disney executives to foresee many of the problems. Most of the problems could have been controllable and others were inevitable. It was clear that the choice to open in France was going to cause some commotion. If Disney had researched French history this would have been understood. For the American executive to insist on English being the only spoken language at the park was completely wrong. There are strong facts showing the French culture monitors words which are absorbed from other languages. The way Americans do business is completely different to the French way, so pushing the American way was disrespectful. The French take their liberty and...
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...The modern Olympic Games are the leading international sporting event featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered to be the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating, meaning they each occur every four years but two years apart. Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD. Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894. The IOC is the governing body of the Olympic Movement, with the Olympic Charter defining its structure and authority. The evolution of the Olympic Movement during the 20th and 21st centuries has resulted in several changes to the Olympic Games. Some of these adjustments include the creation of the Winter Games for ice and winter sports, the Paralympic Games for athletes with a disability, and the Youth Olympic Games for teenage athletes. The IOC has had to adapt to a variety of economic, political, and technological advancements. As a result, the Olympics shifted away from pure amateurism, as envisioned by Coubertin, to allow participation of professional athletes. The growing importance of mass media created the issue of corporate sponsorship and commercialization of the Games. World wars led to the...
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...Can Kim's (2005) model explain how forced migrants (refugees难民 and asylum seekers避难者) can acculturate/adapt to a new culture/society 适应新文化 (see Witteborn, 2011 on forced migrants)? Why? Why not? To answer the question, Kim’s model can explain how forced migrants can adapt to a new culture. In Kim’s (2005) theory, cross-cultural adaptation refers to a dynamic process of human evolution that tend to struggle for an internal equilibrium in the face of often adversarial environmental conditions. In some cases, adaptive successes may entirely depend on the positivity of the stranger’s personality. According to Witteborn (2011), forced migrants (asylum seeks and refugees) are not only defined as excluders in “discursive spaces” in the society, but also people do not have the choices but constructs themselves in certain social environment. In her interviews, it is seems that some of refugees have presented how they tried to adapt to the society in a series actions and practices. However, they failed and they still enact and practice their communal identity through “prism of being a refugee”. Thus, it is difficult for them to overcome the problem sited on the severely unreceptive host environment. Kim’s (2005) theory also emphasized that the both of individual cultural background and the new condition of environment plays important role in facilitating of impeding adaption process. Asylum seeks and refugees, as a special group of people, are difficult to achieve a successful adaptation...
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...MIAMI PORT General: The Dante B. Fascell Port of Miami is a seaport located in Biscayne Bay in Miami, Florida, United States. The Port of Miami is an important contributor to the local South Florida and state economies. As of 2011, the Port of Miami accounts for 176,000 jobs and has an annual economic impact in Miami of $18 billion, $14 billion of which is generated by its cargo operations. 7.4 million tons of cargo and over 1 million TEU of intermodal container traffic move through the seaport per year It is the 11th largest cargo container port in the United States. In 2010, a record over 4 million passengers traveled through the Port of Miami. One in seven of all the world’s cruise passengers start from Miami. Customs: Manifest of foreign cargo inbound must be presented to the customs boarding officer prior to commercing discharge.Ship’s agent must notify customs 48 hrs prior to the ship’s arrival. There are some commercial forms required such as; manifest, passenger list, customs declaration…etc. Immigration: An immigration inspector will meet all ships entering port. Valid travel documents passport visa entry permit are required in some cases. Ship’s agent must notify immigration at least 1hr prior to ship’s arrival. Pilotage: Estimated time of arrival (ETA)should be made when ship docks and must be confirmed by phone 1hr prior to Pilot Boarding. Anchorage: The prescribed anchorage area for vessels anchoring outside the harbour is located Eastward of a line about...
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...Title of Assignment: Trade barriers and their effect on foreign direct investment in India and France. CERTIFICATION OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully acknowledged and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any sources from which I used data, ideas or words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for this course. While there are many differences in the political systems of India and France, there are also a number of interesting similarities. The French political system is special in two ways. Firstly, it is not a parliamentary system like the British one nor is it a separation of powers like in the USA, where the President must take account of congress. The French Fifth Republic is a semi-presidential system in which the president and prime minister are both active participants in the day-to-day administration of the state. When the president and prime minister come from opposing parties, the president is responsible for foreign policy and the prime minister is responsible for domestic policy. France is also different from most major democracies as it uses a two round single winner voting system, rather than the one round system, which is the system used in the United States and the United Kingdom. Like France, India also has both a prime minister and a president. India is a union of states. It is officially...
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...Bonaparte was born on 15 August 1769 in Corsica into a gentry family. Educated at military school, he was rapidly promoted and in 1796, was made commander of the French army in Italy, where he forced Austria and its allies to make peace. In 1798, Napoleon conquered Ottoman-ruled Egypt in an attempt to strike at British trade routes with India. He was stranded when his fleet was destroyed by the British at the Battle of the Nile. France now faced a new coalition - Austria and Russia had allied with Britain. Napoleon returned to Paris where the government was in crisis. In a coup d'etat in November 1799, Napoleon became first consul. In 1802, he was made consul for life and two years later, emperor. He oversaw the centralisation of government, the creation of the Bank of France, the reinstatement of Roman Catholicism as the state religion and law reform with the Code Napoleon. In 1800, he defeated the Austrians at Marengo. He then negotiated a general European peace which established French power on the continent. In 1803, Britain resumed war with France, later joined by Russia and Austria. Britain inflicted a naval defeat on the French at Trafalgar (1805) so Napoleon abandoned plans to invade England and turned on the Austro-Russian forces, defeating them at Austerlitz later the same year. He gained much new territory, including annexation of Prussian lands which ostensibly gave him control of Europe. The Holy Roman Empire was dissolved, Holland and Westphalia created, and over...
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...anger in France, Germany, Greece and Italy. French President Francois Hollande called on Washington to “immediately” cease espionage activities targeting France. “France cannot accept such behaviour between allies and partners. There are enough elements for us to demand explanations,” Mr. Hollande said during a trip to Brittany, northwestern France. Mr. Hollande thus became the first Head of State to speak out openly about the spying allegations. Mr. Hollande became the first European Head of State to directly attack the proposed Europe-USA free trade agreement saying “There can be negotiations, transactions in all fields, only once France has obtained these guarantees — and this goes for the rest of Europe and other partners of the United States,” Mr. Hollande said. Earlier French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius called on his American counterpart Secretary of State John Kerry to make a stopover in Europe on his way back from the West Asia. “Mr. Kerry should contact us immediately so we can have the required information and explanations,” Mr. Fabius said. France is particularly outraged because press reports say the U.S. spied on the French mission in Washington and at the United Nations. The former was baptised Wabash while snooping operations against the French U.N. mission were called “Blackfoot”. The operation against the Italians and the snooping operations against the Italians went under the code name “Bruneau”. The Guardian’s revelations that France, Italy...
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