On the morning of 14 July 1789, the city of Paris was in a state of alarm. The king had commanded troops to move into the city. Rumours spread that he would soon order the army to open fire upon the citizens.
Yet the Bastille was hated by all, because it stood for the despotic power of the king.
The days that followed saw more rioting both in Paris and the countryside. Most people were protesting against the high price of bread. ultimately led to the execution of the king in France, though most people at the time did not anticipate this outcome.
To meet its regular expenses, such as the cost of maintaining an army, the court, running government offices or universities, the state was forced to increase taxes. Yet even this measure would not have sufficed. French society in the eighteenth century was divided into three estates, and only members of the third estate paid taxes. high debt, high interest payment, high interest rate. already there were many taxes imposed. taxes paid only by the third estate. too much pressure on the third estate. combined with high bread prices, led to revolution.

In addition to merchants and manufacturers, the third estate included professions such as lawyers or administrative officials. All of these were educated and believed that no group in society should be privileged by birth. Rather, a person’s social position must depend on his merit.

philosophers such as John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau.

In The Spirit of the Laws,Montesquieu proposed a division of power within the government between the legislative, the executive and the judiciary. This model of government was put into force in the USA, after the thirteen colonies declared their independence from Britain.

In France of the Old Regime the monarch did not have the power to impose taxes according to his will alone. Rather he had to call a meeting