...High-quality Wine “A meal without wine is like a day without sunshine.” That common saying shows that wine is familiar with our diet. As you know, wine is the popular beverage. It is also loved and made around the world. Especially, France and Italy are famous as major wine production areas. French wine has different features from Italian wine. I will mention three factors: a historical background, a geographical condition, and a national system of wine. Italian history is largely related to the today’s wine. In Italy, it was Greek who brought wine to the ancient Rome. Then, by skills of pruning, grape juice got a higher sugar content and the quality of wine got better. After the region of The Roman Empire had extended to the whole Europe area, the soldiers who went to war to German, France and Spain planted the grape trees and they have become the today’s wine in such countries. After a while, the way to preserve wine changed in barrels. Since then, components of barrels came to be taken into account in quality. The production of wine was protected from foreign race by Christian. After that, wine had become sold in stores as glass bottles and established as the beverage of a citizen. In geographic terms, we can explain the diversity of wine. First, Italy extends north and south. In addition, it is surrounded by seas on three sides and there are various climates. These are why Italian wine has variety. As the system of wine, wine rating is remarkable characteristic. It...
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...Historically, the French had been the dominant competitor in the global wine industry due to the low effect of the five forces of competition. The main barriers to entry that kept the threat of competitors low for the French were incumbency advantages, unequal access to distribution channels and restrictive government policies. This first barrier, incumbency advantages, can be explained by the domestic French Wine Industry in the late 18th to mid 19th century that was already supporting 1.5 million families for both the growing of grapes and other wine-related businesses. France already had a domestic market for the growth and cultivation of vineyards that was able to provide French producers with a steady supply of agricultural inputs. Secondly, France possessed a domestic distribution system that created the second barrier to entry for competitors, unequal access to distribution channels. Their domestic market already utilized a distribution system by selling wine in bulk to merchant traders called negociants who would blend and bottle wine before distribution. With advances in both bottling and pasteurization allowing for long distance transportation of wine, France was in a premier spot to take advantage of exporting wine. Finally, as the wine industry continued to grow, the French Government created new barriers to entry by implementing a classification system that greatly benefited the French. This barrier to entry, restrictive government policies, allowed French wines to differentiate...
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...French Wines and Their Food Pairings The French are famous throughout the culinary world as well as the wine world. Some of the best foods and wines come from France. They have many vineyards such as the ones in Burgundy, Bordeaux, Loire Valley, Rhone, and Alsace. Each one follows a standard law known as the AOC which have specific rules of what type of grape can be grown in each region and how the grapes are to be grown, when the grapes are to be harvested, and what wines are to be made out of them. This insures the best quality of wine from all the vineyards. These wines mixed with the food of the area can make an excellent pairing for a great menu. In French cuisine, appetizer is served first such as Escargots à la Bourguignonne. Escargots à la Bourguignonne is a rich flavored dish of snails stuffed with minced shallots and garlic, baked and served with a fresh lemon beurre blanc sauce. This appetizer is very hearty which would go well with an earthy wine with a medium acidity to help reduce the heartiness of the snails without taking away all the richness of the dish. A great wine to pair with this dish is the 2006 Henri Clerc Bourgogne which is a red burgundy wine. This wine has a hint of berry, rose, and earthy flavor with a short clean finish which would make this a good match for the Escargots à la Bourguignonne. This wine is made with AOC approved Pinot Noir from the Bourgogne vineyard in France. The next course of French cuisine is the soup which is a simple...
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...destinations from Morocco to Moscow. Nicolas Boutaud, Eurolines commercial and marketing director, answers queries from Connexion readers on their servicesI USED Eurolines from London to Paris but we were dropped far from the city centre and, although Paris Gallieni terminal has a metro station, it was late and it would have been better with a shuttle bus to the centre. If that’s not possible, you should do something to help older people with luggage reach the metro. The service was good up to Paris but then there was no one to help and, for anyone who had not used the terminal before, a lack of information on what to do or where to go. C.C. How do French women live long? Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don’t Get Fat, says diet is the answer and she sticks by three meals a day, one or two glasses of wine and lots of water. while French woman can expect to live to 85.1 – as against 82.4 in the rest of Europe (according to latest demographic figures from Eurostat) diet, exercise and a healthy lifestyle. Avoid driving on Saturday SATURDAY will be the busiest day of the entire year for motorway travel in France - with the annual crossover of July and August holidaymakers. meaning more than 600km of jams are forecast on roads leading out of big towns and towards the coast. Drivers are strongly advised to put off travelling until Sunday, although jams are still possible then. Air pollution hits 12 million ALMOST 12 million people are living in parts of France where the air quality...
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...How did the French become the dominant competitors in the increasingly global wine industry for centuries? What sources of competitive advantage were they able to develop to support their exports? Where were they vulnerable? “By the Christian era, wine became part of the liturgical services, and monasteries planted vines and built wineries. By the Middle Ages, the European nobility began planting vineyards as a mark of prestige, competing with one another in the quality of wine served at their tables – the first niche market for premium wine.” The French were the dominant competitors in an increasing global market because they believed in the same old tradition that brought so many of their ancestors’ success years prior. Many consumers preferred the taste and sophistication of a bottle of pure wine from a native land. To support their exports the French stuck by their plan of maintaining an old fashioned brand that was simplistic but full of quality. Consumers who drank aged wine originating from France considered themselves above normal society, in a class above the commoner. A medical publication supporting that French red wines helped promote low rates of heart disease certainly did not hurt either. French wine producers had several sources of competitive advantage beginning with their geographic and climatic features. This played significant role with France at the center of European culture with suitable climate and soil condition for harvesting grape, leading to first-mover...
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...through purchases in major economies, this is why Far East remained last. Modes of entry in various countries • Exporting • Franchising • Acquisitions • Sole ownership • Joint venture The possible reasons are: • Low political and economic risks • High purchasing power • Infrastructure • Unfamiliar with the culture and the political climate The country factors M&S seem to value M&S merchandised its stores to French lifestyle which clearly showed they valued France. The store had large sections of French wine and clothing than British imports. They also seemed to value US as they did not change the name of the US chain Brooks Brothers after buying for the loyal consumer base. They did not seem to value Canada as they assumed the economy and infrastructure of Canada was similar to UK which would lead to closing of their stores. Adaptation to M&S business model in different countries France: In 1975 M&S entered France. M&S merchandised its stores to French lifestyle. The French stores...
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...Country Comparison Factbook France vs. Italy Wine Industry Group 16.4 Bram van Veen Caspar Leusink Muhammad Hafidz Randy Hardja Lecturer: Mr.Drs.HenkRitsema Contents Executive Summary 3 Introduction 4 Methods and Frameworks 5 Hofstede’s cultural dimensions 5 Porter’s diamond 7 Porter’s Five Forces Model of Competition 8 Introducing the Wine Industry 9 Overview of Wine Industry 9 French Wine Industry 10 Italian Wine Industry 11 Country comparison 12 Comparison of relevant macro-economic indicators 12 General economic indicators 12 Financial Health 13 Demographic Factors 13 Historical developments 14 Historical Background 14 Global Wine Industry Developments 15 Socio-cultural conditions 17 Cultural Diversity 17 Hofstede 18 Political and Governmental Systems 19 Legal Systems 21 Financial Systems 21 Labour Market 22 Industry Conditions 24 Supply Market Conditions 24 Demand market conditions 24 Threat of New Entrants and Substitute Products 25 Major players and level of competition 27 Level of Competition 28 Recommendations 28 Italy 29 France: 31 Recommendations: 33 References 34 Executive Summary The goal of this factbook is to provide potential investors with information on relevant dimensions regarding the wine industry in Italy and France. The factbook is comparing both of the countries using methodological framework and secondary data. The data we used are obtained through various sources. In the end, Italy is presented...
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...Case Analysis: GLOBAL WINE WARS Recommendations for the French Wine Industry * Issues: 1. French wine makers continue to lose global market share due to the entrance of new competitors from Australia and other “New World” wine makers. French wine makers face an existential threat should they concede the U.K export market. 2. 3. 1. The wine industry as a whole is handicapped by its own traditional production issues including high and rising input costs, long value chain (many middle men) and the fragmentation which enables suppliers to have extensive bargaining power. * Rationale behind our recommendations: * Rather than making recommendations for an individual wine company or an AOC, we believe that a national initiative along with industry-specific changes is necessary given the scale of the issue. We believe that implementing government-based recommendations will foster the changes sought with the industry-specific recommendations. Recommendations to the French government: * Create an initiative from the top by exploiting the long reputation of gold wine crafters and creating a national advantage: * Herve Gaymard, the French Minister of Agriculture, with the support and visibility of Jacques Chirac, President of France, should kick off a new initiative: La Renaissance du Vin Français de l’an 2003 (The 2003 French Wine Renaissance) with a new vision: “France, the gold standard in wine production with new innovations”...
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...France is the largest wine producer in the world. French wine is produced all throughout France, in quantities between 50 and 60 million hectolitres per year, or 7–8 billion bottles. Two concepts central to higher end French wines are the notion of "terroir", which links the style of the wines to the specific locations where the grapes are grown and the wine is made, and the Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée system. France is the source of many grape varieties (Cabernet Sauvignon , Chardonnay, Pinot noir, Sauvignon blanc, Syrah. The style of French wine echoes that of the French themselves—elegant, well-dressed, showing an appreciation for the good things of life but never to excess. French wines go best with food, never overpowering either in flavor or in alcohol, always well-mannered, often beautiful. The fact that, today, the quality of even the least expensive French wine has improved impressively, means that there is a whole new range of wines open to wine drinkers. Prestige cuvée A French term (literally "white from black" or "white of blacks") for a white wine produced entirely from black grapes. Blanc de noirs A cuvée de prestige is a proprietary blended wine (usually a Champagne) that is considered to be the top of a producer's range. Blanc de blancs A French term that means "white from whites", and is the Champagnes made exclusively from Chardonnay grapes. Rosé Champagne[edit] The rosé wines of Champagne (also known as Pink Champagne) are produced by the saignée...
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...stay one of the leaders on the prestigious market of wines. China seems to be an alternative to Château Margaux. There is a keen interest in food and wine in China. The consumption of wine is massive and the development of the wine industry could be very promising. Indeed, Paul Pontallier, general manager of Château Margaux, said China is the world's fastest ever growing wine market and the company aims to position Château Margaux at the very top. What we plan is to position Château Margaux as a luxurious wine leader in China. For future, what we expect is that China represents Château Margaux’s second largest market the first next year and may become the first one from the two next years. Moreover, Gao Ming, vice president and Shanghai general manager of Ruder Finn Asia, claims that China is looking for prestige and luxury, that’s why Chinese luxury consumers would appreciate such a prestigious brand. (By: Erica Ng, China – Shanghai, Published: Aug 03, 2010) Château Margaux will keep the high quality and wine characteristics that make its famous reputation. It has to keep its French image, so like this it will be associated to French values and gastronomy, which are really seeking by rich Asiatic people. Some will buy because they are connoisseurs, others because it is a French popular wine. In addition, it is an inaccessible wine in China, really rare because mainly present in France. That’s why developing this wine will be a “boom” for Chinese connoisseurs. So firstly...
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...HTM 421 01 Instructor: Dr. Colin Johnson Essay 2 The 9th Question Yu Hu 10/28/2011 When we are talking about wines, the first word that comes into our minds is France. As we know, terroir is one of the most significant factors that affect what wines taste like. Since it's a combination of different natural factors, we cannot expect wines made in different regions taste the same. It explains why regions are so important to wines. Alsace, Champagne and so on, places like them have done a great contribution to French wine industry. With the help of these special wine regions, France has become the most important wine producer in the world. Alsace, which is located in the eastern part of France, is generally considered as an important white-wine region. The weather there is more like a semi-continental climate, which means in winter Alsace is usually cold and dry while it is hot in summer. Colmar City is the best place for producing vin d'Alsace because it has a sunny microclimate. Actually, it is the second driest city in France. Usually, the annual rainfall there is only 550 mm. Due to this, Alsace is the perfect place to produce Rieslings. In fact, some of the world's most famous dry Rieslings are produced there. Besides Riesling, they also plant Gewurztraminer, Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, and Muscat. By the way, Alsace is also the only region that to produce mostly varietals that identified by the names of the grapes used in France. Because of Alsace's...
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...PREMIUM WINE INDUSTRY (LUXURY & LIFESTYLE) IN ASIA * Vintage Club * Online business (subscription) * Private consumers * Corporate (gifts, meetings) * Import directly from France, no intermediaries * Old wine company * Advice to collectors * Private customers 1. Specificity of the Asian market vs Europe * Cognac: people in Asia drink cognac with water, sprite. Do you like to have style or do you like to have sales? * Singapore wine market: 90s started climbing, mainly because students from 70s came back from abroad with new trends; French lifestyle (wine and food). * Singapore sales are driven by promotions and brands. Brands for import wines are still important, more than old world. * Time of transport from vineyard to Singapore is 2 months. * Taxes/duties: 48% china, 0% HK, $88/lt Singapore +GST * France: 25y start buying wines more regularly. Singapore: wines purchase for social representation, gifts. * Everybody knows in France about wine but they don’t care about technicalities. Only know basic characteristics of a good wine, know how to differenciate. In Asia people are more interested. * China for C&T: Hard market. Office in Shanghai, network of distributors is huge, each has a network of 1mm clients. Set up selected distributors that work closely with the brand (control network). Chilean wine is perceived as good value for money, good quality. * Segmentation of French wines...
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...English 1101 Food, Fun and Friends in France and the Southern United States of America Red wine, sweet tea, ice cold beer, chilled champagne, soft drinks, croissants, barbeque, fried chicken, bleu cheese, American processed cheese…all of these are symbols of good eating and drinking. Furthermore, these symbols are commonly enjoyed by two diverse and unique cultures; the French and the southerners of the United States of America. What underlying factors link these two diverse and unique cultures together? It is a common assumption that the French culture enjoys extremely rich and fattening foods, along with the fact that the French are obsessed with having a good time. It is just as well known that Southerners also enjoy the same rich and fattening foods, and they too know how to have a good time eating and drinking. Research has shown similarities and differences in immigration, social interaction and diet habits between the two cultures. The United States of America is known as a huge ‘melting pot’. America is made up of many nationalities and the southern region represents that same multi-cultural picture. “The population of the Southern United States is made up of many different people who came to the region in a variety of ways, each contributing to what is now called ‘Southern cooking’(Food In Every Country).” The various cultures included American Indians, Spanish explorers, West Africans, Creoles, and Cajuns. Each diverse group introduced foods, spices...
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...Global Wine War 2009: New World versus Old Wine-making was originally considered an art, dominated by several European countries, mainly among the noble class competing against one another for the highest quality wines. Traditionally set in their ways, from the methods of planting to harvesting to marketing channels and their consumers. The old world winemakers were unprepared for what was ahead of them. As the new world began gaining ground, a rivalry arose between new and old world. The old world set on its traditional ways which had been in practice for centuries while the new world focused around maximization of crops and harvesting as well as marketing to the change in consumer preferences leaving the old world in awe as the new world took over and sales and imports with a shifting of pallets and an economic recession which it not only the consumers wallets but also the grower's vineyards a continuous battle for leaders in US imports emerged as the preference for premium wine increased leaving us out to dry with their high prices due to inherent domestic cost. How did the French become the dominant competitors in the increasingly global wine industry for centuries? What sources of competitive advantage were they able to develop? Where were they vulnerable? France had been delivering wine for quite a long time and has been known for its premium wines. At the point when the wine creation was a work with serious...
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...14 Issues in internationalization management 15 WINE MARKET 17 Profiles of Country Producers 17 CHINESE WINE MARKET 25 Overview 25 Wine market overview 28 Imported wine 32 Italian case 36 Future prospective 45 REFERENCES 48 Bibliography 48 Consulted website 52 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this work is to analyze the growth and evolution of the wine market in China. In particular we will focus on the internationalization of the global wine producer countries in this new emerging market and which are the futures prospective and possibilities of this young market. This paper is composed by four main sections: 1. Theoretical framework; 2. Wine market; 3. Chinese wine market; 4. Italian case. First of all we need to understand what we mean when we speak about internationalization. Through a theoretical chapter, using the existing literature about internationalization, we will explore its theories, evolution and which benefits it may bring to the firm that implement it, showing how important it became in the globalized world in which companies work nowadays. Afterward we are going to analyze, thanks to the data taken by reliable sources, the global market of wine, showing its fragmentation, which are the main player and their characteristics. Now that we have a general panorama, we can concentrate on the Chinese market, its cultural and economic features, and the evolution of its wine market. Finally we will focus on the Italian case ...
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