...GENDER ISSUE Q: GIVE AN EXPLANATION OF WHY MEN RESIST GENDER EQUALITY IN SOCIETY Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals on their gender. It arises from difference in socially constructed gender roles as well as biologically through chromosomes brain structure and hormonal. There are natural diferencies between sexes based on biological and anatomic factors mostly differering reproductive roles.There is also a difference in the relative physical strengths. Sexually active men are positively reinforced by being referred to as “studs” whereas women who are sexually active are report joying sex are derogatorily labelled as “sluts” Herman (1984) O’Sullion (1993) goes on to say men’s sexuality is seen as more natural, acceptable and uncotrorable than women’s sexuality.Men are viewed as initiators of sex and women as either passive partners or active resisters, preventing men from touching their bodies Miller and Mashall (1987) Our cultures definations of masculinity is thus several stories. It is about those standards being used against women to prevent their inclusion in public life and their consignment to a devalued private sphere. Historically, wage discrimination has favoured men over similary qualified women. Occupational sex segregation occurs as men and woman are thought to possess different physical, emotional, and mental capabilities. A women was denied a job or paid less than a man would be paid or receive a lessor compensation...
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...reflect those of IDRC. originally presented at the meetings of the Canadian Institute for the Advancement of Women held in Quebec City, November 1988. 2 During the past few years, the term "women in development" has become common currency both inside and outside academic settings. But while "women in development" or "WID", is understood to mean the integration of women into global processes of economic, political and social growth and change, there often is confusion about the meaning of two more recent acronyms, "WAD" and "dAD". This paper will begin with in an examination of meanings and "WAD" and "GAD" and assumptions embedded look at the "WID," then will extent to which differing views of the relationship between gender and development have influenced research, policymaking and international agency thinking since the mid1960s. it is suggested that each term has been associated with a varying set of assumptions and has led to the formulation of different strategies for the development strategies. participation of women in ORIGINS 1. women in Development The term "women in development" came into use in the early Women's Role in 1970s, after the publication of Ester Boserup's Economic Development (1970). Boserup was the first to systematically delineate on a global level the sexual division of 3 labour that existed in in agrarian economies. She analysed the changes that occured traditional agricultural practics as societies became...
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...Stephanie Thompson Weller, Worth GE 217 Sunday, February 26, 2012 Week 10/ Assignment 1 Gender Issues: Who has Faced Greater Challenges; Men or Women? Males and females both face great trials and hardships throughout their lifetimes. Although the two both endure their share of adversities, it is always harder for one gender than the other. In this country it has always been the male figures that receive special treatment and circumstance. Since the founding of our great country, The United States of America, it has been women that have faced the greater and more daunting challenges. Our ancestors founded the first American colony in 1585. Ever since that day it has been a long and tedious journey for woman as a whole. Women were expected to hold the future of our country in their hands while, at the same time, they were looked at as lesser beings (Goldberg). Women were not given the same luxuries as men, but they were made to endure much greater responsibilities as well as workloads (Buchanan). Women were expected to bare children, take care of the home, wash the clothes, farm, and cook. They were responsible for making linens and clothing, taking care of their men, and many more tasks (Goldberg). As time went on America, as a people, expanded and progressed. As a country we began to better ourselves and pave the way for future generations. One thing that remained the same throughout the years, decades, and even eras was the social status of American women (Goldberg)...
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...Gender Issues in the Workplace Introduction Believe it or not women have had rights in the work force for over two hundred years. Women should be treated as equals with men in the work place, but that is not always the case. Companies need to be careful with gender issues; they could lead to law suits and cost millions of dollars. People whether it is men or women should be hired, promoted, or given raises based on their experience not their gender. Dealing with gender issues in the work place can create many problems that can be solved by treating all employees equally. Women have been denied rights in the work place for many years. There are many laws in place to protect women in the workplace. Not all employers follow these laws; women still on an average make less than men. This is why women should prepare themselves with knowing the current laws that deal with gender issues in the work place. Purpose and Scope To prove that women are just as valuable in the workplace as men are. Women can do the same job as men without complications. A woman working the same job as a man usually makes less money than the man. Women are sexually harassed in the work place. They are not treated as equals. Women should be treated as equals in the workplace. They should get the same pay and benefits as a man does and not be harassed because of their gender, yet this is not always the case. In explaining a little history about women’s rights, these sub-problems will also be answered:...
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...Gender Equity Issues Case study Gather Information Gathering information to validate gender issues in the workplace is a better approach than merely assuming the validity of information provided. Gender discrimination is a problem across different countries, organizations, and cultures. It is rooted in traditional patriarchal norms, which put women as minor people in their respective workplaces and homes. Gender discrimination negatively affects women because it harms their social health, lowers their output in the workplace, and makes them receive unfair and biased treatment from employers. In most cases, there are no clear policies in place to eliminate these problems. Hence, the gathering of information to validate the allegations is central to the resolution of the gender issue in the case study. How to Proceed As the vice president of Reginald Murphy College, I would deliberate on the gender issue by gathering primary data from a sample of the employees with a view of getting firsthand information, which validates the existence of the problem. The best approach would be to hold a meeting with leaders, share the matter with them, and know their take on the matter. The approach of holding a meeting with leaders is better than just taking allegations as they are since leaders represent all departments in the institution. The dissemination of the real problem creates an understanding and urges all the members present to take up the matter and voice their opinions...
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...already procured the rights, opportunities, breaks, shots and chances, but they still tussle many struggles. As it is maliciously misconstrued as a way to dominate men, it just shows how little people understand the term. In clarification, it is no synonym to female preeminence or domination, instead, it peacefully advocates women’s rights. Feminism is definitely not a gender issue, but it is a humankind issue. So as people thought that women in countries had fully achieved their goals, they are all considerately wrong. Some of the major gender inequality issues facing women of today are First and foremost, the violence against women. According to the Philippine...
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...expulsion from Indiana Wesleyan University. Why I Think Women Are Paid Less From a functionalist perspective, financial inequality for women is a product of the traditional division in human societies. Men tend to take more instrumental (objectively rewarded) tasks such as wage earning and women attend to more expressive (subjectively rewarded) tasks such as those involved in child rearing. While both types of labor are functional for society's survival, the instrumental tasks, which the majority of are held by men, have always been more highly rewarded than the expressive tasks looked after by women. Men and women are taught these traditional roles and have tended to conform to their requirements. Functionalists point out that while gender roles and their accompanying inequalities have changed somewhat in industrialized societies, traditional arrangement remains in force in most societies. The persistence of the traditional division of labor, according to functionalist view, testifies to the usefulness for human societies. The perception of conflict theory denies the historically inevitability and necessity of the traditional division of labor between men and women. The arrangement may have been more functional in non-industrialized...
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...Gender Issues in a Diverse Society My biographical background is Haitian. As a little girl in my culture we were taught to cook and clean. I was also taught to respect my elders and authority figures. As long as I can remember my mother always made sure we attended mass every Sunday. Our religion was and still is Roman Catholic. Me and my sister were raised by a tough single mom; who gave us what we needed not what we wanted. She always made sure she showed us love but, was not afraid to discipline us when we got out of line. My mother had a quote she always told me and my sister “Don’t take my kindness for weakness”. When she said those words to us we knew we better get it together before she gets us. The culture expectations for men is to make something of themselves; so when or if they have a family they can be financially stable. Nowadays, if a man or woman leaves Haiti to come to the United States they would be expected to take care of their family back home. For some reason people in Haiti have this perception that the United States is easy to live in; and money comes from trees and you do not have to work hard for what you have. That dream is quickly squashed until they actually come here and see for themselves how it really is to live in the United States. My initial thoughts of gender issues were the basic upbringing in male and female. Now, that I have started reading and discussing this topic it definitely involves much more. I thought that this...
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...Gender Differences Many people growing up have noticed the language barrier between the male and female genders, which reflects upon their actions and everyday lifestyle in a civilized society. Men have always been aggressive with their actions while women have been known to be emotional. The gender difference has been a controversy for many centuries and many linguistics have studied and nearly found the answer. But what explains this phenomenon and what differentiates the two genders by how they act and how they talk? This essay will explain the basic general differences between the two genders and how it has to do with the world, in context with the in class reading, and my own experiences in my community. Do you consider that gender differences and how men and women talk effects lifestyle and the way women are treated according to Lakoff? Throughout history, men have always been depicted as the gender that has the right of way through their actions by the way they look and talk. Men are known to be fierce, strong, and stand as boss-like figure. In the past century, men have a distinct way of talking. Men are more prone to threatening to get what they want such as being a manager in a business or even in a relationship, as men are known to be power hungry. Another distinctive trait about how men talk would be that their vocabulary is not as descriptive as women and is less subtle. Men usually talk in a low pitch tone, which compliments their manly-ness and when upset...
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...This article focuses on how practitioners in contemporary Swedish addiction care and relate to a gender-sensitive approach by analyzing focus group discussions of substance use and treatment needs. The way gender issues are approached in Swedish addiction care is particularly relevant, since Sweden has been regarded as one of the world’s most gender egalitarian countries. In this article, the central interpretative repertoires, subject positions, and ideological dilemmas of gender in addiction care practice, as manifested in the practitioners’ discussions, are described and analyzed. Historically, the Swedish treatment system for alcohol problems has been a class and gender related project. During the 20th century, the purpose of the treatment...
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...International Capstone: Barriers to Higher Education – Gender Issue * Gender Issue in Higher Education – Russia Perspective * Increasing Level of Female Participation in Higher Education Over the last 10 years of economic reforms, the educational system, including higher education, has changed a great deal. The number of students at higher educational establishments rose by almost 40%, mainly because of the increase in women students. In 1992-2000, the number of male students rose by 327,000 or 25%, while the number of female students, by 763,000 or 50%. * Lack of Gender Awareness In access to education gender discrimination is less apparent than in other fields. 77% of women and 82% of men noted equal access to education in general, though 20% thought that women have fewer opportunities to receive education. In addition, the lack of gender awareness among decision makers in the higher education field is another problem. In Russia, there are no women ministers of education or heads of higher education departments. Thus, discrimination is more likely to develop when cross-group interactions are low, according to the contact theory. However, this clear underrepresentation of women at senior levels in both academic and administrative hierarchies is not perceived as an issue. * Gender Related Profession Discrimination Despite of the number, the fact that it is in the predominantly "female" professions where fees were introduced, while the traditionally...
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...question: “Why are gender and difference issues so important in understanding the potential for skills training, and work and learning in both Canada and the ‘economic south’?” The lives of women in the recent past have changed dramatically. There are more women now who are educated than ever before, and a great percentage of them have forged ahead in the labour market. The pace of change is improving at fast rate with both developed and developing countries working towards bringing around a change. But despite the numerous developments in this area, there still exists the issue of gender gap that limits the progress of women workers in the paid workforce. This paper discusses the topic of gender differences in OECD countries and how it affects the process of work and learning of women in both Canada and the economic south. In almost all the OECD countries, women participation in the workforce has steadily increased. There are more women participating in the all kinds of jobs and they continue to enter the workforce in rising numbers. But still gender inequality continues to persist and is a topic that dominates the sad plight of women. There are OECD reports that Scandinavian countries have the lowest ratio of such issues due to well-equipped infrastructure that supports child-care and family-friendly workplaces. Though this seems like a rather outdated subject, the gendered work, wage gap, inequality are still rather the most pressing issues in countries like Canada...
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...One of the main gender problems today is the resistance against women’s unpopular fight for equality, which encompasses the need to oppose the steady chipping away of women’s reproductive rights. In the article, “6 Battles Feminists Everywhere Are Still Fighting for Women's Rights,” Marcie Bianco states, “Because of the complexity of the Supreme Court's Roe v. Wade verdict, which federally gives women the right to seek an abortion within their respective state's law about when human life begins, reproductive rights have been continuously chipped away at the state level in recent history,” which supports the idea that women’s reproductive rights are being taken away forcefully and without any thought to effects on women (1). This action that...
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...Discuss how the Kenyan vision 2030 and the 2010 Kenya constitution have addressed gender issues in development. How the Kenyan constitution of 2010 addresses gender issues in development. The new Kenyan constitution was promulgated in the year 2010 and was regarded as the new hope for the Kenyan citizens and other individuals living in Kenya. The new constitution is anchored on the rule of the law equality of all citizens and the sovereignty of the Kenyan people. The new Kenyan constitution 2010 has adequately covered various gender issues in development of the country with the aim of providing equal opportunities for both gender so as to ensure that all citizens irrespective of their gender equally benefit from the national resources and are rewarded according to their hard work The new Kenyan constitution 2010 have the following articles that have addressed some of the past gender problems inequalities. Article 21 (3) All State organs and all public officers have the duty to address the needs of vulnerable groups within society, including women, older members of society, persons with disabilities, children, youth The above provision in the new constitution have tacked the problem of marginalization of the week members of the society who I most cases are either women and children who are unable to use the physical might to fight for their rights and position in the society. The above article ensues that the law is followed in the distribution of resources and that...
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...A social issue (also called a social problem or a social ill) is an issue that relates to society's perception of people's personal lives. Different societies have different perceptions and what may be "normal" behaviour in one society may be a significant social issue in another society. Social issues are distinguished from economic issues. Some issues have both social and economic aspects, such asimmigration. There are also issues that don't fall into either category, such as wars. Thomas Paine, in Rights of Man and Common Sense, addresses man's duty to "allow the same rights to others as we allow ourselves". The failure to do so causes the birth of a social issue. Personal issues versus social issues[edit] Personal issues are those that individuals deal with themselves and within a small range of their peers and relationships.[1] On the other hand, social issues threaten values cherished by widespread society.[1] For example, the unemployment rate of 7.8 percent[2] in the U.S. as of October 2012 is a social issue. The line between a personal issue and a public issue may be subjective, however, when a large enough sector of society is affected by an issue, it becomes a social issue. Although one person fired is not a social issue, the repercussions of 13 million people being fired is likely to generate social issues. Caste system[edit] Caste system in India resulted in most oppressed Untouchables on earth for the past 3000 years . UK recently banned caste system[1] and US is...
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