...INTRODUCTION Television programs can reflect already existing gender roles that segregate men and women in modern society. This segregation supports the biological determinist argument that gender roles are embedded in us since the day we were born. Proponents of biological determinism apply the logic that sex determines one gender, thus each gender has different social and psychological dispositions (Baxi 2017). With new research and historical context, sociologists have determined that sex and gender are two different concepts. Sex is considered to be the biological and physiological difference between males and female, whereas gender is a concept that has been socially constructed through culture (Baxi 2017). The sociological argument supports...
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...T.D.W. Dr. Ann Savage MRC 465 T TR 11:00AM – 12:15PM Feminist Criticism Feminist Critique – The Big Bang Theory The Big Bang Theory explores the ways in which individuals are stereotyped in today’s society. Through its sarcastic humor, the episode ‘The Wildebeest Implementation’ illustrates the American gender codes by defining the female and male roles through its various characters and plot scenarios and how these characters break or fit into their respective generalized roles. A woman’s femininity is often conveyed in the style of their wardrobe. Amy, the nerdy and less feminine character of all the female characters on the show, comes home in her first new pair of high heels. As she walks by Leonard in the hallway she makes note to him that women wear high heels to make their buttocks and breasts more prominent. Amy explains that she heard about Leonard’s double date with Priya, Bernedette, Howard. Leonard asks how she found out and she replies with a sultry flick of her hair saying, “Oh at the mall when I was shopping with Penny – because that’s what I do now.” The flick of her hair suggests that she is trying to transform herself into the pretty woman that most men desire. When she says goodbye to Leonard on his way out of the building, she tells Leonard to try not to “ogle my caboose.” However, the fact that she is attempting to assimilate herself into a generalized female role means that she really wants him to do the opposite of that and check out her behind...
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...Reflection One There are many different ways our thoughts on gender diversity are affected by today’s culture. It can come from our families, friends, magazines, television and even music. The media today plays an even larger part in our gender make up than it did as little as a decade ago. With the creation of facebook, youtube and instagram, we are seeing a greater influence than ever. For the sake of this paper I would like to focus on how music and television affect gender diversity. When a new song is released, depending on public opinion, the record could sell thousands of copies and as a result be played on the radio several times a day reaching hundreds of thousands of listeners. Unless parents have the ability to strictly monitor all of their children’s music choices and I don’t know many who do, the young people today are hearing all sorts of gender messages through music that may be subconsciously shaping who they are. Even though there are many different genres of music I am going to focus on the rap culture and the messages they emit. Many of the rap songs portray women as weak and submissive. Several of the songs include violence against women whether it is sexual, mental or domestic which displays an overall lack of respect for females. While at the same time the man is portrayed as strong, wealthy and powerful and overall domineering of the woman. Rarely in rap music, is there a song that paints a picture of the woman having power over the man. The...
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...would like to focus on the attendance of gender stereotypes in the mass media, which nowadays has a great power and reaches large audiences. In order to create a medium which is universal, understandable and acceptable for numerous and diverse recipients, senders very often use stereotypes, which fill the social life and evoke certain associations. However, mass media not only gives people information and entertainment, but, also affects people’s lives by shaping their opinions, attitudes and beliefs. Men have been perceived as the head of the household and women were mainly housewives. Nowadays the differences between male and female roles are smaller, however mass media still perpetuates traditional gender stereotypes. Moreover, due to their great influence on people’s attitudes, they can depict certain social groups in negative and unrealistic manner. They can be a very useful tool for those remaining power. By manipulating the message, media can create a certain image of reality, which is consistent with the policy of the dominant group. As a result, the reflection of a real world is incomplete and distorted. Although people are aware of the unequal representation of certain social groups in mass media, it is hard to remain objective and insensitive to its influence. Religion interacts very closely with culture and since gender roles are defined by a culture, how religion interacts with culture can affect how religion treats gender roles. Typically, as religions grow in...
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...Religion in Academics To say the United States is a religious nation would be an understatement. About 90 percent of Americans claim to believe in God, and almost 80 percent say that religion in an important part of their lives. Seventy percent of Americans pray and 40 percent attend religious services and read the Bible each week (Nord 1). Religion is a significant factor in our everyday lives. Instead of trying to ignore the impact religion has made in the past and continues to make, we must strive to learn more about different religions and embrace the religions of our world. From the time this country was established on religious freedom, there has been a struggle with religion in academics. During colonial times, the schools were largely operated by churches. Prayer and religion were part of daily school life. This continued for many years. Once the immigrant population of the United States increased and made the country more diverse friction developed over prayers and readings from the King James Bible. In 1910, the Illinois Supreme Court banned in-class readings of the Bible in Chicago public schools. A little over 50 years later, two cases were heard in the U.S. Supreme Court. Parents claimed organized school prayer was violating their First Amendment protection against established religion. The courts ruled against organized prayer nationwide in public schools (Jurinski 6). Many people believe that any shape or form of religion is no longer allowed...
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...Ideology and Messages About Culture in Prime Time Television Seven days a week, 24 hours a day there is something to watch on television. There are reality shows, newscasts, news programs, dramas, sitcoms, the list is endless. The Big Bang Theory, The Millers, Law & Order: SVU, and Blue Bloods are all part of the prime time lineup of shows throughout any given week. The Big Bang Theory, airs on CBS and was created by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady. It is the story of two brilliant physicists that work at CalTech in Pasadena, CA. Leonard Hofstadter and Sheldon Cooper are co-workers, best friends and roommates. Sheldon is “regimented, deeply eccentric, and non-conventional” in his thinking which is a consistent hardship on the relationship between these two friends (“Plot Summary”). They are friends with colleagues Howard Wolowitz, a mechanical engineer, and Rajesh Koothrappali, an Indian immigrant who works as an astrophysicist. The foursome are “self-professed nerds, [with] little or no luck with popular women” (“Plot Summary”). A neighbor, Penny, is of average mind but compared to this brilliant squad she’s made to seem of less than average intelligence. Leonard’s goal is to get Penny to be his girlfriend. Immediately following Big Bang is The Millers created by Greg Garcia and starring Will Arnett. Arnett plays the part of Nathan, a single reporter who has divorced his wife, a secret he’s kept from his parents for several months. His parents pay a visit only to find...
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...Define “Creatio Ex Nihilo.” In Latin, “ex nihilo” literally means “out of nothing.” It often appears along with the concept of creation, as in “creatio ex nihilo”, meaning “creation out of nothing.” It contrasts with the phrase “creatio ex materia” (creation out of some pre-existent, eternal matter) and with “creatio ex deo” (creation out of God.) Christians all believe that the world is created ex deo, however, whether the universe was created “ex nihilo” or from already present material is still a topic of discussion today among Christians and people of other beliefs alike. There is evidence in the bible supporting both creatio ex nihilo and ex materia. Despite the simplicity of defining the concept of “nothingness” (a pronoun denoting the absence of anything), it is still difficult to understand nothingness as a concept. It is very hard to describe something, without saying it is something. Therefore, even saying that a certain thing is nothing is technically describing it as something, which gets confusing after a while. For example: Blue is a colour, as are yellow and red. All three of these colours make up every colour tone we see. Theoretically, there was an absence of colour, what would be in its place, white or black? It is very difficult to imagine this, as all our life we have been able to distinguish what we have seen because of their colour(s). Even when we try to imagine a world without colours, it becomes impossible not to end up labelling the absence of colour...
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...DBQ The scientific revolution started in the 16th century after the Renaissance era. The Renaissance means “rebirth” and during this time in the 14th and 16th century, a lot of people made observations and questioned their beliefs, and it opened up a window to mathematics, science, and the natural world. This took place in Europe mainly northern Italy which influenced the Scientific Revolution. Scientist developed new technology and theories, based on observation, and the natural world. Although scientists faced hardship in terms of government opposition, religious disagreement, and gender stereotype, Scientist created great advances in the 16th and 17th centuries. The government opposition, mainly monarchies in...
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...“The knower’s perspective is essential in the pursuit of knowledge.” To what extent do you agree? On a hot Saturday afternoon, I was walking around downtown in desperate search of a place to buy a birthday card when I came across a small, shabby looking ice cream shop. You could hardly see it from the street, but the inside was nearly packed with people. Curious and exhausted, I decided to enter in order to escape the heat of the sun. When I tasted the homemade ice cream, I immediately understood why it was so busy. The discovery of a delicious treat, while completely unintentional, altered my perspective on how my day was going and the ability to discover things without using the internet to locate the best new dessert place. This new knowledge was not what I set out to find. I originally wanted to find a greeting card shop, but I ended up with a different knowledge – the location of an amazing ice cream shop. I later shared this personal knowledge with friends and family to spread the news of this quaint shop, and it turned into shared knowledge as word spread not only from me and who I told, but as other people discovered it on their own. However, this makes me fallible to cognitive biases, like the confirmation bias. Ignoring anyone who says the ice cream shop I found was only “alright” or “not the best ice cream ever” and only listening to those who told me it was “outstanding” strengthens my preconceived notions about the store. My accidental discovery in the pursuit of...
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...Segmentation and positioning A case study of Bang & Olufsen Segmentation and positioning – Bang & Olufsen Table of contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 2 1.1 Problem Statement .............................................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2 Methodology .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2.1 Data gathering .................................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Delimitation ............................................................................................................................................................................ 4 2. Bang & Olufsen ........................................................................................................................ 4 3 Segmentation .....................................................
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...relationship among the three stereotypes —> prejudice —> discrimination • Discrimination is communicative — is prejudice, ex: “i like a dodger fan just as much” later that day ends up beating up a dodger fan. - generous definition of communication: Festivals, Marches, Tattoos, Violence, Clothing, and Language are all communicative - if discrimination can be positive / negative, then so can communication (be positive / negative) • Communication Accommodation (Adjustment) Theory: explores how discrimination occurs communicatively • Main Premise: we adjust (accommodate) our communication based on our communicative partner. - attitudes of communicative partner’s social group are important - types of accommodation • Converge: —> social identity - we desire a positive social identity - we want to feel good about our own group membership —> social comparison - we compare our group in relation to other groups (“relative” others) — relative means that when you are comparing the same genders but different ethnicities they’re the same, but different — in-group rejection: when you reject yourself • Social Comparison - we compare our group in relation to other groups (“relative” others) — women compare themselves to other women - if social comparison for our group is positive, then we have positive social identity - the more positive social identities we have, the more positive we feel about ourselves - converse also true (ex: negative social identity) — people...
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...Easier! Making Everythin ™ heory tring T S Learn: • The basic concepts of this controversial theory • How string theory builds on physics concepts • The different viewpoints in the field • String theory’s physical implications Andrew Zimmerman Jones Physics Guide, About.com with Daniel Robbins, PhD in Physics Get More and Do More at Dummies.com® Start with FREE Cheat Sheets Cheat Sheets include • Checklists • Charts • Common Instructions • And Other Good Stuff! To access the Cheat Sheet created specifically for this book, go to www.dummies.com/cheatsheet/stringtheory Get Smart at Dummies.com Dummies.com makes your life easier with 1,000s of answers on everything from removing wallpaper to using the latest version of Windows. Check out our • Videos • Illustrated Articles • Step-by-Step Instructions Plus, each month you can win valuable prizes by entering our Dummies.com sweepstakes. * Want a weekly dose of Dummies? Sign up for Newsletters on • Digital Photography • Microsoft Windows & Office • Personal Finance & Investing • Health & Wellness • Computing, iPods & Cell Phones • eBay • Internet • Food, Home & Garden Find out “HOW” at Dummies.com *Sweepstakes not currently available in all countries; visit Dummies.com for official rules. String Theory FOR DUMmIES ‰ by Andrew Zimmerman Jones with Daniel Robbins, PhD in Physics String Theory For Dummies® Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 111 River St. Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 www.wiley...
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...The aim of this essay is to identify how gender is represented within the media, particularly looking at examples from the television show How I Met Your Mother (Fox, 2005-2014). Looking at how both male and females have been stereotyped, how it affects the audiences, using research from scholars Stuart Hall, Gaye Tuchman & George Gerbner to support and extract information to my argument. Representation has been defined by Oxford dictionaries as ‘the act of speaking or acting on behalf of someone’(Oxford dictionaries, Online, 2015). Media representation are the ‘ways in which the media portrays particular groups, communities, experiences, ideas, or topics from a particular ideological or value perspective’ (Twin cities, Online, 2015)...
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...Tiffany Nguyen Instructor: David J. Estrada English 100 22 October 2013 First Draft Theory has traditionally been approached from an objective orientation. We can trace a progression however throughout the 19th and 20th century in the apparent evolution of social scientific theory from objective through to more subjective approaches. The question remains though, does the theory accurately reflect change in society or does the 'perspective' of theory and theoretical approach of the researcher only tease out particular aspects of a social phenomenon. By holding the topic of subculture constant, social scientific theory can be put into question. This essay examines subcultures from the 1950's to the present in order to revisit assumptions about theory. The Punk subculture is examined specifically through semiotic analysis within a broader Sociological framework in order to find out what a more subjective approach to theory over this time period can reveal. In the past, subcultural theory described subcultures as fairly uniform and static. Theorists referred to the 1960's and 1970's within a Modern paradigm which objectivist in nature understood subculture as a problem to be fixed. Subcultural delinquency was seen as noise and as unnatural. More recent subcultural theory describes subcultures as transient, informal and hybrid. But subcultures have always been about’ youth, about times of economic uncertainty, employment pressures and reliant on class distinction (Van Krieken...
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...According to the Inter-Parliamentary Union, the United States ranks 91st in Women in National Legislature Positions (Lawless & Fox). I became fascinated on the depiction of women in our society as a whole and wanted to focus on how the media contributes. I wanted to observe the cycle that results with the media’s portrayal of women and how that affects the number of women in office, therefore only reinforcing the stereotype. In order to understand where the United States stands on this matter, I am going to analyze the nation of Sweden’s gender depiction in media and other realms and how that correlates to women in office. Observing Sweden’s approach to these societal aspects will help understand how they have a more egalitarian government than most. The nation of Sweden constantly ranks in the top five nations when it comes to presence of women in high governmental positions. In 2002, women occupied over 45 % of their seats in their national parliament (Hepburn & Simon, 100). Even though Sweden surpasses the United with their strong presence of women in politics, they continuously face challenge that they must address to inflict a positive portrayal of women in their nation. Just like the United States, Sweden has various sources of media outlets that could affect the amount of...
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