...The average person walks past a murderer 36 times in their life; you never know, there might be one living right next door to you. Some murderers can be made from their upbringing and early life experiences, but it all comes down to the genetic disposition or brain abnormality. Despite the fact that childhood experiences can be very influential to a serial killer, signs of psychotic behaviour have occurred in serial killers from very young ages as forensic psychologists have investigated. This proves that people are born as killers due to human evolution and their genetics....
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...BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma in Science Student Name: | | | | | | | | Date Submitted: | | | | Unit: | 18 – | | | | | | | I certify that the attached work is original and my own:…………………………………………… Student Signature | | | Assessment Title: | Genetics & Genetic Engineering | | | | | | | | | Lecturer: | | | | | | | | | IV Name | M. Silverwood | | | | | | | | IV date: | 3/2/13 | Assessment Criteria: | Task (criteria) Completed:- P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 | P7 | M1 | M2 | | M3 | | M4 | | D1 | D2 | | | | D3 | | | Guidance for this Assignment : | Date set: Task 1 27/1/14 | Date set: Task 2 10/2/14 | Date set: Task 3 24/2/14 | Date set: Task 4 10/3/14 | Remember! | * Your attention is drawn to the comments made in the Course Handbook with regard to both the completion and submission of work * Assessment deadlines must be met * Any student found guilty of cheating or plagiarism may be withdrawn from the unit at the discretion of the Assessment Board. | Internal verification: | Date: | | Name | | | | Signature | | Aim and purpose:-To develop understanding of the principles of Mendelian genetics and to develop knowledge and practical techniques used in commercial, analytical and research laboratories | | GRADING CRITERIA To achieve a pass grade the evidence must show that the learner is able to: | To achieve...
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...article "All in the Genes?", there is no intrinsic causality between genetics and intelligence. The author analyses different aspects of biological determinism, and supplies many examples, which illustrate aspects of this problem that are being discussed since the time when these ideas became popular. He does not agree with biological determinist that the intellectual performance of a person depends on genes inherited from his parents. There are a lot of different theories about intellectual capabilities. All these theories reflect different points of views, depending on the period of time the authors of these theories lived. The author argues for the theory that in the nineteenth century , artificial barriers in social hierarchy prevented people from achieving higher intellectual performance. In the end of XX century, in most places these barriers were removed by the democratic processes, and nothing artificial can stand between the natural sorting process and social status of the people. These changes can not be considered as historical because the age of democracy is just two hundred years , and the time when inequality between classes and between people was a natural situation is almost as long as the history of the world . The author insists that there is no connection between environmental differences and genetics. In support of his idea the author state that any Canadian student can perform better in mathematics than some ancient professors of...
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...big changes to the mind and body. Genetics, brain functions and hormone levels are biological factors. For young women suffering from their body image anorexia nervosa can become an issue. When we are born we get genetics/genes from both our Mother and our Father. Anorexia nervosa has been proven to show up in genetics and genes. According to Mayo Clinic, Scientist aren’t sure in which genes are involved, but there may be some sort of genetic change that makes some people more vulnerable to developing anorexia. Some People may have a genetic tendency toward perfectionism, sensitivity and perseverance, which are all traits associated with anorexia (Mayo Clinic). If you have anorexia nervosa running in your family and you inherited the biological and genetic factor you can have “approximately 56% of risk for developing an eating disorder, but if you have a mother or sister that has suffered from anorexia nervosa you are approximately twelve times more likely to develop anorexia nervosa” (MentalHealth.Net). Our brains are so smart and intelligent, but when one suffers from Anorexia nervosa their brain changes. Biological brain eating disorders may occur early in brain development. The size and shape of the brain changes when you have an eating disorder. For instance, “the ‘orbitofrontal cortex’ of the brain grows larger than normal in young people and adults with anorexia nervosa”, according to Science News for Students (Science News for Students). Orbitofrontal Cortex includes a...
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...Anxiety disorders are the most common of all mental health problems, affecting approximately one in 10 people, both children and adults (CMHA, 2010). Various factors have been implicated in the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders including biological (e.g., genetics, psychophysiology, temperament), personality (e.g., anxiety sensitivity or fear of arousal-related sensations), interpersonal (e.g., attachment), cognitive (e.g., information processing), preparedness, and behavioural (learning). Research indicates that environmental factors, such as learning, contribute more to the etiology and maintenance of anxiety than do genes (Eley, 2001). The principles of operant conditioning have taught us to recognize how certain coping techniques can reward, and therefore continue anxiety disorders. Two similar coping strategies for dealing with anxiety symptoms are called avoidance and escape. For more information about coping strategies, please review this section. As the name implies, avoidance refers to behaviors that attempt to prevent exposure to a fear-provoking stimulus. Escape means to quickly exit a fear-provoking situation. These coping strategies are considered maladaptive because they ultimately serve to maintain the disorder and decrease functioning. Operant conditioning enables us to understand the powerful impact of these two coping strategies. Both coping strategies are highly reinforcing because they remove or diminish the unpleasant symptoms...
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...Biology guide First assessment 2016 Biology guide First assessment 2016 Diploma Programme Biology guide Published February 2014 Published on behalf of the International Baccalaureate Organization, a not-for-profit educational foundation of 15 Route des Morillons, 1218 Le Grand-Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland by the International Baccalaureate Organization (UK) Ltd Peterson House, Malthouse Avenue, Cardiff Gate Cardiff, Wales CF23 8GL United Kingdom Website: www.ibo.org © International Baccalaureate Organization 2014 The International Baccalaureate Organization (known as the IB) offers four high-quality and challenging educational programmes for a worldwide community of schools, aiming to create a better, more peaceful world. This publication is one of a range of materials produced to support these programmes. The IB may use a variety of sources in its work and checks information to verify accuracy and authenticity, particularly when using community-based knowledge sources such as Wikipedia. The IB respects the principles of intellectual property and makes strenuous efforts to identify and obtain permission before publication from rights holders of all copyright material used. The IB is grateful for permissions received for material used in this publication and will be pleased to correct any errors or omissions at the earliest opportunity. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted...
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...Borderline Personality Disorder Name of Student Course name Date of submission Borderline Personality Disorder Literature Review The literature review first presents the evolution of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) over the past 60 years, highlighting the shift from psychodynamic perspectives to that of biological and environmental determinates. Diagnostic classification of BPD is then examined, and subsequently discussed in terms of sectors of psychopathology that serve to demarcate the disorder. Next, dominant contemporary aetiologies of BPD are discussed, leading to an examination of comorbidities and the prevalence of BPD across populations. The focus of the review shifts to an examination of BPD in university students, commencing with treatments that are both efficacious and suited for delivery in a university context. Then, management of BPD related behaviours on campus are discussed in terms of the role of university staff in providing assistance to students with BPD. The chapter concludes with a summation of considerations in assisting university students with severe symptoms of BPD while on campus The development of the Borderline construct Reliable and valid differentiation of the borderline construct has proved elusive. The phenomena was initially reported in psychodynamic literature in the 1930’s, however was not distinguished as a syndrome until 1953 (Knight, 1953). Indeed, the use of the term ‘borderline’ arguably represents a misnomer due to its association...
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...words per objective] 1. Distinguish between the various social-cognitive theories of health behaviour. 2. The major barriers to health promotion are health, individual, family, cultural and ethnic barriers. Health barriers involve lack of preventive visits to the doctor for health assistance. Individual barriers include the immediate satisfaction from negative behaviours despite the negative consequences. For example, excessive alcohol leads to hangovers; it provides a momentary escape from reality. Also, women are likely to contribute in health preventative and promoting behaviours than men. Family barriers include genetics, which children’s health behaviour is acquired, copying parental behaviour. Cultural barriers demonstrate the low knowledge of health preventative behaviours. 3. The major sources of stress covers life and terrible events as well as daily hassles. Life events are changes in an individual’s life, which will cause them to readjust. One of the few major stressors includes the death of a loved one, unemployed and acculturative stress. Immigrants and refugees go through acculturative stress as they try to adapt the new environment and culture and overcome the language barriers....
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...matching (Berkowska & Dalla Bella, 2009 Pfordresher & Brown, 2007). According to Zatorre, the brain’s ability to detect pitch occurs in various stages. Pitch is first encoded in the brainstem, but the individual’s conscious perception of the tone takes place in the auditory cortex. As tones are sequenced to become melodies and occur over time, activation is seen more often in the temporal and frontal lobes. 1st Stage – Brainstem 2nd Stage- Auditory Cortex Image 10: The Auditory Cortex taken from Google images. 3rd Stage- Temporal and Frontal Lobes Image 11: The Temporal and Frontal Lobes taken from Google images. Thus, the auditory cortex is involved in the early stages of pitch processing, while additional brain regions become...
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...Chapter 1. Literature Review: Borderline Personality Disorder in university students 1.1 Chapter Overview The literature review first presents the evolution of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) over the past 60 years, highlighting the shift from psychodynamic perspectives to that of biological and environmental determinates. Diagnostic classification of BPD is then examined, and subsequently discussed in terms of sectors of psychopathology that serve to demarcate the disorder. Next, dominant contemporary aetiologies of BPD are discussed, leading to an examination of comorbidities and the prevalence of BPD across populations. The focus of the review shifts to an examination of BPD in university students, commencing with treatments that are both efficacious and suited for delivery in a university context. Then, management of BPD related behaviours on campus are discussed in terms of the role of university staff in providing assistance to students with BPD. The chapter concludes with a summation of considerations in assisting university students with severe symptoms of BPD while on campus. 1.2 Borderline Personality Disorder 1.2.1 The development of the Borderline construct Reliable and valid differentiation of the borderline construct has proved elusive. The phenomena was initially reported in psychodynamic literature in the 1930’s, however was not distinguished as a syndrome until 1953 (Knight, 1953). Indeed, the use of the term ‘borderline’ arguably represents a misnomer...
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...ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD, is a very complex condition that generates a great deal of debate. The debate surrounding this disorder is intense. Debates encompass issues such as, what causes it, how to assess ADHD, and how to deal with it effectively. This essay deals with some of the debates in an attempt to simplify the issues. The first question that needs to be answered is what is ADHD? It is behavioural problems revolving around three main symptoms. One main symptom that an ADHD person displays is the inability to keep their attention focused on something. They are easily distracted, forget instructions and have a poor short term memory. The second main symptom prevalent among those with ADHD is their impulsiveness. They act or shout out inappropriately. They have a short fuse which can lead to temper tantrums. The third main symptom is that those with ADHD are hyperactive. They are unable to sit still and are often restless and fidgety. These factors usually cause problems within the sufferer’s families. ADHD symptoms also cause problems for the sufferer in educational settings, (for children) and in occupational settings, (for adults). There are three subtypes to ADHD. The first subtype is someone who is both hyperactive and impulsive. The second subtype is one who is inattentive only. For example, studies show that at least 40% of people with ADHD have the “Inattentive Type” only. The third subtype is one who shows all of these symptoms combined...
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...approach and sees patterns of change rather than fixed “snapshots”. In essence it is a view on the “whole picture” (Anderson, R 1994). Peter Senge and Andres Edwards expressed the importance of system thinking in that it is necessary for “understanding the dynamic complexity of a situation”, anticipating “the unintended consequences of proposed actions” and implementing “lasting solutions” (Higgins, K 2014). Obesity is a wicked problem we face today where systems thinking is necessary as it is a sustainability issue that flows into the three pillar model. It affects the social, economic, and environmental pillars, as well as physiological and psychological factors on an individual level making it a unique and complex system. By looking at genetics, psychological disorders, social norms and consequences, the food we buy and energy we use as well as the economy we can see why past and current attitudes have failed and that by encouraging a system thinking approach a new understanding of the circumstances can be achieved helping to identify prospects for action that may not have previously be seen; altogether illustrating systems thinking’s critical role in developing solutions to sustainability challenges. Over the last few decades obesity has rapidly become a worsening global health problem. It was noted by The World Watch Institute in 2000 that “for the first time in human history, the number of overweight people rivals the number of underweight people”, while the world’s underfed...
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...PERSPECTIVES FOR HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE A/601/2404 LEVEL 3 UNIT 7 AIM OF THE UNIT Psychology is the study of the human mind and behaviour. This unit aims to explain the reasons people do the things they do when it comes to health and wellbeing. The mind and the body are interlinked, e.g. stress caused by daily hassles or lifestyle can have a detrimental effect on the body’s immune system and can lead to serious illness. Psychologists have given us many ways to explain human behaviour and this unit is designed to enable learners to apply what they have learnt to their own practice; from helping people overcome emotional problems to dealing with challenging behaviours. The knowledge and understanding gained throughout the unit will benefit all those who work with others, be it people who use services, their friends and family, and other professionals. A wide range of perspectives is covered which can then be applied to many different health and social care settings. The behaviourists and social learning theorists can help to explain how health related behaviours are learnt as well as ways to teach new behaviours to people who use services. The humanists, on the other hand, provide us with a set of guidelines for working with individuals in a person-centred, non-judgemental manner. By understanding the factors that influence people’s health-related behaviours we can provide interventions that will help people change their lifestyle choices. The debate between nature (those things we...
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...Psychology is an academic and applied discipline that involves the scientific study of mental functions and behaviors.[1][2] Psychology has the immediate goal of understanding individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases,[3][4] and by many accounts it ultimately aims to benefit society.[5][6] In this field, a professional practitioner or researcher is called a psychologist and can be classified as a social, behavioral, or cognitive scientist. Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior, while also exploring the physiological and biological processes that underlie cognitive functions and behaviors. Behavior Behavior or behaviour is the range of actions and mannerisms made by organisms, systems, or artificial entities in conjunction with themselves or their environment, which includes the other systems or organisms around as well as the (inanimate) physical environment. It is the response of the system or organism to various stimuli or inputs, whether internal or external, conscious or subconscious, overt or covert, and voluntary or involuntary. Branches of phychology 1. Abnormal Psychology Abnormal psychology is the branch of psychology that looks at psychopathology and abnormal behavior. The term covers a broad range of disorders, from depression to obsession-compulsion to sexual deviation and many more. Counselors, clinical psychologists, and psychotherapists often...
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...throughout the world, including Australia. Numerous studies of Australian, overweight children, have shown obesity has doubled in recent years with 20% - 25% of children now considered obese or overweight (Batch & Baur 2005, p.130). The health and social problems associated with obesity in children are numerous, pushing health practitioners and researchers to uncover solutions for this issue. While evidence points to many dissimilar rationales, much emphasis is being placed upon parents and their role in educating and providing children with effective lifestyle behaviours, focussed on gaining control of the obesity wave. This essay explores the parent’s responsibilities and influences on their child’s weight; through nutritional choices, physical activity and screen time (television, computer and video games), as well as marital status and parenting styles. It will also discuss research showing genetics to be a large portion of the illustration into the world of childhood obesity, and could be the exception to placing blame on the family. Treatment programs for obese children are taking into account parental influences of food choices within the family. Parents are exclusively accountable for the procurement and preparation of healthy food for their children in the home, yet research shows, mothers are inundated with confusion on what constitutes a healthy, balanced meal. With education on these matters, the whole family can gain the benefits of eating better...
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