...During the 13th century a small tribe known as the “barbarians” swept across Asia, Middle East, and Eastern Europe. They were known to be the negative and evil people throughout their civilizations. These people had little thoughts about farming due to them being nomadic and had always eaten meat. They were also known to be very destructive in their path. First off, Genghis Khan’s had violent ideas as one of them being, slaughtering the streets of Chinese capital with human flesh everywhere. A little history about Genghis Khan is that he never had the easiest childhood. He spent most of his teenage years fighting clan rivals since his father was poisoned by a rival. Genghis had won the leadership in 1206 while aspirations began to grow...
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...GENGHIS KHAN The name Genghis Khan often conjures the image of a relentless, bloodthirsty barbarian on horseback leading a ruthless band of nomadic warriors in the looting of the civilized world. But the surprising truth is that Genghis Khan was a visionary leader whose conquests joined backward Europe with the flourishing cultures of Asia to trigger a global awakening, an unprecedented explosion of technologies, trade, and ideas. Genghis Khan, who lived probably between 1162–1227, born Temüjin, was the founder, Khan (ruler) and Khagan (emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death. He was born in a Mongol tribe near Burkhan Khaldun mountain and the Onon and Kherlen Rivers in modern-day Mongolia, not far from the current capital Ulaanbaatar. The Secret History of the Mongols reports that Temüjin was born with a blood clot grasped in his fist, a traditional sign indicating that he was destined to become a great leader. He was the third-oldest son of his father Yesükhei, a minor tribal chief of the Kiyad and an ally of Ong Khan of the Kerait tribe and the oldest son of his mother Hoelun. He was called Temüjin because, in the Mongol culture, children were named after the leader of the last tribe to be defeated by the child’s father Childhood was short and difficult for the Mongols, and Temüjin learned how to ride horses when he was three, and hunt and fish before he turned six years old. The Mongols also had very...
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...Chinese 4402 04/16/2013 Prof. Patricia Sieber Extra Credit Jin and Yuan Literati Hagiographies of Daoist Quanzhen Masters By means of attending the extra credit lecture on April 12, 2013, the speaker Mark Halperin, Associate Professor of Chinese Literature, mainly talked about Jin and Yuan Literati Hagiographies of Daoist Quanzhen Masters. Since that, I have some basic ideas about the beginning of the Daoist as well as the development of the Daoist Quanzhen Masters. In particular, Quanzhe is the most important sect of the Daoist, and it was founded in the beginning of Jin Dynasty by Wang Zhe whose Daoist monastic name was Chongyang as well as who is one of prestigious Quanzhen masters. After Wang Chongyang accepted seven disciples, the Quanzhen was founded formally. These disciples were called Ma Yu, Tan Chuduan, Liu Chuxuan, Qiu Chuji, Wang Chuyi, Hao Datong, and Sun Buer. Qiu Chuji was the most prestigious and famous from seven disciples. He was the founder of the Dragon Gate sect of Taoism attracting the largest following in the streams of traditions flowing from the...
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...Luzbel 1 Nelson Luzbel Professor Chamberlain 2 pm class 29 November 2013 Drama Paper For my drama performance I chose to attend the AnDa Union musical at the Curtis M Phillips Center. The group consists of Mongolians who reflect their roots and tradition through their musical styles. The word Anda refers to a blood brother or sister, which for Mongolians holds more importance than a birth sibling since you choose the other person that is to become your “Anda”. The AnDa Union who perform the musical together are actually a brotherhood of Andas themselves. Throughout the show they played songs that tell a traditional story. The first song they performed was called Galloping Horses. The rhythm to this song is very fast paced and exciting, as for it is a resemblance of a group of horses galloping. I personally found this part of the performance to be very attention grabbing. This song is said to be the most well-known piece of music composed through the morin khuur. The morin khuur is a traditional Mongolian bowed stringed instrument, it is one of the most important music instruments to the Mongol people. Galloping Horses was written by the master Chi Bulag who created the musical piece after he had watched a fierce horse race. In the race, the winning horse staggered over the finish line, tumbled to the ground and died of exhaustion. Through the actual performance you can feel the suspense and imagine the race that Bulag based the musical piece on. Another song performed...
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...Massa I mongoli comprendevano l'importanza di concentrare il proprio potere offensivo nel tempo e nello spazio. Dimostravano grande abilità, ad esempio, concentrando il tiro delle frecce contro un unico bersaglio da più lati e individuando l'avversario contro il quale fare massa. E' soprattutto al di fuori del campo di battaglia che però i mongoli comprendevano l'importanza di concentrare le masse in modo coordinato: sistematicamente marciavano separati per combattere uniti, secoli prima di Napoleone. obiettivo Le loro armate, infatti, seguivano un preciso piano delle operazioni sincronizzando le azioni dei vari scaglioni in modo cronometrico, nonostante fossero lontani anche centinaia di chilometri. In questo complesso processo non perdevano mai di vista l'obiettivo delle operazioni, sempre costituito dalla parte principale dell'esercito nemico, contro la quale, poi, concentravano fulmineamente e imprevedibilmente le forze. Their army in fact followed a precise operational plan synchronizing with a perfect timing all the different divisions, although they were distant from each other hundreds of kilometers. In this complex process they never lost the objective of their operations, the main body of the enemy’s army towards which they eventually concentrated quickly and unpredictably their forces. Offensiva Le armate mongole perseguivano sempre con decisione l'obiettivo di acquisire l'iniziativa tattica e strategica, che raramente concedevano all'avversario. Questi era...
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...THE RELUCTANT FUNDAMENTALIST – MOHSIN HAMID 1. SETTING LAHORE: * Decline from a majestic, imperial capital * Poor, funded * Rich history: withstood invasions, occupations – implied strength * Represent a fallen empire OLD ANARKALI: * Important for the way it changes throughout the novel * Beginning of the evening: * busy, well lit, bustling with people, amicable * Changez and American newly established relationship: decidedly friendly * Night progresses: * Surroundings: more complex and dangerous * Relationship: more complex and fraught * Night advaces: * Deserted * Changez falling out of love with America, tension between Changez and the America increase, question integrity NEW YORK CITY: Change throughout the novel * Freedom, empowerment, pleasure * Boundless possibility for Changez * Before 9/11: empire, awe-inspiring * After 9/11: dangerously powerful and reactive ‘beast’ because of NOSTALGIA ATHENS: Rhodes: metaphorical wall * The seat of a fallen empire * Separate the East and West, Changez and Erica * Symbolize America’s future fall MANILA * In the East, but more like New York, making Changez resentful, angry and ashamed * Where Changez started to change, realizes that he is play-acting * Separate Changez from America to have a Third World’s view of the 9/11 attacks VALPARAISO * Sense of melancholy, fallen empire * Remind Changez of America’s interfering and...
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...first greeted by a huge atrium in which a monstrous size Benjamin Franklin sits on a large chair. One of the first things noticed by the children as well as myself was the intricate decorations not only in the large atrium but also on the outside of the building before even entering the museum. I was at first very intimated and one of the children in my group upon entering the museum realized his water in his bag had spilled everywhere creating a large puddle that was now spilling onto the floor of the museum. The Franklin Institute is filled with several amazing interactive displays including the giant heart, your brain, and changing earth to name a few of our favorites. I personally had my eyes set on the third floor which housed the Genghis Khan display with over 200 artifacts from the 1300 century Mongolian empire. It is difficult to choose just two pieces because it was a very large and inspiring collection, most of which was only being displayed for the first time. The first piece which really caught our attention was the huge twelve foot cross bow which was used to conquer walled cities. This type of innovation in...
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...Genghis Khan and Alexander the Great rose to power in different ways, but they both built monstrous and strong empires, defeated great armies, and expanded trade routes. Though Genghis Khan ruled many years after Alexander the Great, many similarities can be found between the two leaders. Throughout their rises to the top, they both conquered many lands. Their empires covered territory greatly across both the North-Western and North-Eastern hemispheres. In order for them to have gained all their land, they had to outsmart the strongest forces, both Alexander and Khan were able to. During their reigns, they both extended upon the already created trade routes. Though Alexander and Khan are not commonly looked upon to be similar, there are more aspects alike with them than different....
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...concentrate more on governing the people of the land they helped govern. The Mongols had a massive army, so they had to find a way to organize the soldiers so their army could be efficient. Luckily, Genghis Khan had the perfect way to assemble the...
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...throughout Europe between the 14th and 16th centuries (Brotton, 28). All forms of knowledge, art, and expression manifested into new directions and aspirations. It was a major building block in the advancement of human thought. The Renaissance focused on learning through natural sciences and newfound knowledge rather than accepting older teachings (Brotton, 39). It fostered curiosity and innovation in many industries and aspects of life. In a sense, it was a new chapter or book in our human history index. The Renaissance also paved the way for the Protest Reformation to eventually occur (Brotton, 101). There are many factors that led the Renaissance to occur. It was a combination of the Crusades and the Mongols expansion that began under Genghis Khan that led to the fruition of the Renaissance. The Crusades brought the two worlds of Islam and Christianity in a manner like never before. The death toll of the Crusades varies among academia between one and five million people (Madden, 172). Besides all the bloodshed, the Crusades allowed Europeans to rediscover new forms of art, expressions, and ways of life. Europe became too involved in their feudal and monarchy type systems. They had forgotten the importance of the arts and sciences and were more focused on building fortunes and spreading salvation. Europeans, by way of the Crusades, were astonished at the advancements of the Muslim world and sought to learn and capitalize from it (Madden, 156). The Abassid Empire, the Muslim empire...
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...Mongolians start voting at the age of 18 with the voting process a direct, free election. A new constitution was adopted in January 1992 that made some changes in the government, one being the legislative power of Mongolia. The Great Hural, which consists of 76 members, is the legislative power, with the delegates being elected every four years like the head of state's term. The head of state is the president, who is elected to a four-year run in office. state power The People's Great Hural, with it's 430 members, had the of Mongolia and usually met two times each year. Until 1990, the only legal political party in Mongolia was the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP), which was a Communist Party. Things changed when an amendment to the constitution allowed for oppositional political parties. Another part of the amendment allowed for a government run by a president and the institution of the Small Hural, which had 53 members. Compulsory education is available from ages 8 to 16, with almost 90% of the primary school age children attending in 1996. The attendance rate for secondary school was much lower at a little over 50% of the population attending. Institutions of higher learning had almost 40,000 attendees. The Mongols gained fame in the 13th century when under Chinggis KHAAN they established a huge Eurasian empire through conquest. After his death the empire was divided into several powerful Mongol states, but these broke apart in the 14th century. The Mongols...
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... To take power away from monarchs in appointing church leaders | | D. To reestablish the church's authority in all matters of doctrine | | | | | * Question 3 0 out of 0.2 points | | | Who were the lowest in the social hierarchy in Yuan China? | | | | | Selected Answer: | C. Europeans | Answers: | A. Southern Chinese | | B. Muslims | | C. Europeans | | D. Mongols | | | | | * Question 4 0.2 out of 0.2 points | | | In which country did Pope Urban urge the people to force out all Muslims? | | | | | Selected Answer: | C. Spain | Answers: | A. England | | B. Portugal | | C. Spain | | D. France | | | | | * Question 5 0 out of 0.2 points | | | What did the khans of the Golden Horde promote? | | | | | Selected Answer: | C. A centralized government under their firm control | Answers: | A. A rejection of pastoral nomadism | | B. The expansion of Christianity into Asia | | C. A...
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...To demonstrate their rejection of the Mongols, the Ming emperors a. severed relations with the Middle East and Central Asia and closed the borders to foreigners. b. built the Great Wall of China and deported all Mongols. c. changed the official language from Mongolian to Chinese. d. marched all the Mongols to the Korean border. e. formed close ties with the Manchu instead. a The emperor Yongle improved the imperial complex built by the Mongols called the a. Imperial House. b. Forbidden City. c. Heavenly Gates. d. Dragon's Court. e. Red Square. b Because Mongols controlled access to the Silk Road after the overthrow of the Yuan, the emperor Yongle put an emphasis on a. trade by ships. b. overland trade through India and Arabia. c. trade through Buddhist monasteries. d. trans-Pacific exploration. e. none of these; trade decreased because people could not afford to travel by Silk Road and pay Mongol tariffs. a Zheng He's primary accomplishment was a. converting barbarians to Islam. b. discovering new lands in the East. c. bringing wealth to China. d. acquiring Ming tributary states. e. discovering the Philippines. d Why didn't Ming China develop seafaring for commercial and military gain? a. The emperor feared outside contacts and influence. b. The peasantry were a strong voting lobby and refused to support it. c. The merchants were opposed to losing their domestic markets. d. The Mongol threat from the north took priority over...
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...flexible in many situations, since it had an intimate level of organization. They also had advanced battle tactics, based on deception and encirclement. In “Carpini on Battle Tactics,” by John Carpini, “The chiefs or princes of the army do not take part in the fighting, but take up their stand some distance away facing the enemy, and they sometimes make figures of men and set them on horses. They do this to give the impression that a great crowd of fighting men is gathered there.” This shows that Mongols were well organized, since it would require great communication between captains and troops. Also, they had a large, fast system of horse-riders for communication. In “The Yams,” by Marco Polo, he says that horse riders bearing messages from the Khan go along roads, on which “yams,” posting stations containing thousands of fresh horses, were placed and allowed for quick communication. This shows that the Mongol empire...
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...mmKublai Khan was a ruler during the thirteenth century. He was a Mongol dreamer, visionary, and had the desire to unite different nationalities, religions, and cultures together under the Yuan Empire. Kublai Khan was a great sympathizer for the Chinese people, even though he was Mongolian by birth. He didn’t necessarily always trust the Chinese people, but he was fascinated with their traditions, culture, and arts. Conservative Mongolians would get offended and would repeatedly cause Kublai Khan problems because conformed so well to the Chinese ways. Kublai’s grandfather was the infamous Genghis (Chinggus) and the fourth son of Toluia and Sorghagtani. From the day he was born on 1215, his mother, Sorghagtani, raised him because his father was away on military campaigns. Kublai’s mother had one ambition for all of her sons, and that was for someone to regain the throne that had been taken by her husband’s brother. Consequently, she groomed Kublai and his brothers for the throne. She was a fervent Nestorian Christian and saw that plundering a nations resources would soon backlash, and she knew it would not be helpful to anyone. She obviously had a great effect on Kublai. When Kublai Khan’s eldest brother, Mongke (Mangu) gained the throne, his mother’s life dream was fulfilled. She never lived to see Kublai become khan as she died a year after his brother ascended the throne. While demonstrating his military brilliance during several battles he caught his brother’s attention....
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