...The Five Themes in Geography The Five Themes were developed by the National Council for Geographic Education to provide an organizing framework for the presentation of geographic materials. The Five Themes are as follows: Location: Position on the Earth's Surface (Absolute/Relative). Geographic study begins with the location of places on the earth. Places have absolute locations that pinpoint them on the earth, and relative locations that place each location in respect to other locations. Absolute location A location can be absolute (specific) as in coordinates of a map using longitude and latitude Relative location A location can be relative - examples: next door, nearby, a short drive, down the road a ways. Or, it can be in the same general location as another location - example: next to the post office. Place: What's it like there? Physical and Human Characteristics. Place have physical and human characteristics that make them what they are. Geography emphasizes the understanding of both of these factors and their integration together. Physical characteristics natural environment ( soil, water & climate) human characteristics man-made environment Human/Environment Interactions: Shaping the Landscape. The landscape of the earth is no longer a purely physical feature. Human have impact every area of the earth, but in varying ways. The geography of places is influenced by the degree to which humans have impacted their local environment. Humans depend on the environment...
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...ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY Y U K O A O YA M A J A M E S T. M U R P H Y SUSAN HANSON KEY CONCEPTS IN key concepts in economic geography The Key Concepts in Human Geography series is intended to provide a set of companion texts for the core fields of the discipline. To date, students and academics have been relatively poorly served with regards to detailed discussions of the key concepts that geographers use to think about and understand the world. Dictionary entries are usually terse and restricted in their depth of explanation. Student textbooks tend to provide broad overviews of particular topics or the philosophy of Human Geography, but rarely provide a detailed overview of particular concepts, their premises, development over time and empirical use. Research monographs most often focus on particular issues and a limited number of concepts at a very advanced level, so do not offer an expansive and accessible overview of the variety of concepts in use within a subdiscipline. The Key Concepts in Human Geography series seeks to fill this gap, providing detailed description and discussion of the concepts that are at the heart of theoretical and empirical research in contemporary Human Geography. Each book consists of an introductory chapter that outlines the major conceptual developments over time along with approximately twenty-five entries on the core concepts that constitute the theoretical toolkit of geographers working within a specific subdiscipline. Each entry provides...
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...GEO 210 – CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY – 40H “People & the Land: Introduction to Cultural Geography” TNCC – FALL 2012 Instructor: Larry Snider – Phone: (757) 850-4912 E-mail: sniderl@tncc.edu (school); Skimmerva@aol.com (home) Office Hours: 4:30-5:30 p.m. M (Rm 947 Templin Hall), 6-7 p.m. T (Rm 131A Diggs Hall), 5:00-5:30 p.m. W (Rm 947 Templin Hall) and by appointment INTRODUCTION COURSE DESCRIPTION: (from VCCS Master Course file): Focuses on the relationship between culture and geography. Presents a survey of modern demographics, landscape modification, material and non-material culture, language, race and ethnicity, religion, politics, and economic activities. Introduces the student to types and uses of maps. COURSE CONTENT: Cultural geography entails the study of spatial variations among cultural groups and the spatial functioning of society. The course provides an introduction to the manner in which humans have modified the world, emphasizing patterns of migration, livelihoods of man, and environments in which these modifications have taken place and continue to occur. It focuses on describing and analyzing the ways population, religion, language, ethnicity and race, political factors, economy, agriculture, industry, the urban setting, and other cultural phenomena vary or remain constant from one place to another. The framework of geographic location of significant countries, regions, and physical features is also addressed in order to provide the necessary...
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...Physical Geography Chapter 1: The Discipline of Geography Principles of Geography Geography is the study of the distributions and interrelationships of earth phenomena. Geography is different from other disciplines in that it doesn't have a particular "thing" it studies. Botanists study plants, while geologists are interested in rocks. Geography is defined by its approach or methodology. Geographers describe their discipline as a spatial science. By "space" we aren't talking about celestial space. Geographers are concerned with answering questions about how and why phenomena vary across the surface of the Earth. For instance, geographers investigate patterns of vegetation as they relate to distributions of climate, soils, and topography. Geographers recognize the dynamic nature of Earth's physical systems. The physical geography of Earth changes in response to variations in weather and climate, the shifting of continents, and and the sculpting of coastlines by wave action. By recognizing the Earth system is dynamic, geographers take time into consideration when looking at the spatial patterns of Earth phenomena. Therefore, geographers are playing important roles in understanding the effects of climate change on earth systems. The role of geographers in assessing patterns of environmental change is a theme that reoccurs throughout this book. Figure 1.1 Folded Appalachian Mountains Linear folds of the Appalachian Mountains can be easily seen in this satellite image. (Source: NASA/GSFC/JPL...
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...for my mixed ability year nine class offers a plethora of attributes that both incorporates sound core Geographic knowledge and divers teaching formats that can present a degree of awe and wonder into the minds of young people. Planning and teaching such a topic at a time when the Geography National Curriculum is being reviewed by the new coalition Government, seems to provide somewhat of a blank canvass as to what pedagogical approaches might be the most appropriate to adopt. Whatever the NC will look like, we are led to believe that there will be a re-focus on the ‘core’ knowledge in subjects like Geography. This is not to say a return to didactic teaching where teachers are merely transmitters of information, or indeed to adopt a textbook pedagogy which is reminiscent of the late 1970s and 1980s. The Geography Curriculum Consultation Full Report makes it clear “That a line-by-line, detailed list of geography’s contents is not the best way to draw a positive response from teachers . . . though there is strong support for the national curriculum achieving greater clarity over the core and essential knowledge contents of geography.” (Geographical Association, 2011, p.2 – cited in Debates in Geography). Having observed lessons in my school for several weeks now, I agree with this emphasis on teaching ‘core’ knowledge contents as I feel as if the emphasis in the classroom is more centred around designing creative activities which attempt to gain ‘buy-in’ from the students...
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...The urban in fragile, uncertain, neoliberal times: towards new geographies of social justice? R. ALAN WALKS Department of Geography, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Cananda L5L 1C6 (e-mail: alan.walks@utoronto.ca) Canadian cities are at a crossroads. The neoliberalization of governance at multiple scales, inadequate re-investment in urban infrastructure, increasing reliance on continental and international trade, and the restructuring of the space economy have combined to weaken Canada’s cities just as the global economic system is undergoing transformation. Canadian urban geographic scholarship has much to offer under current conditions, and is already making significant contributions in key areas. In particular, research on what might be called the contours and impacts of urban restructuring and the neoliberal city, immigration and cities of difference, and urban environmental justice show much promise and are likely to define the core of Canadian urban geography into the future. Key words: cities, urban geography, Canada, economic restructuring, neoliberalism, social justice L’urbain ` une ´poque fragile, incertaine et a e n´olib´rale: vers de nouvelles g´ographies de la e e e justice sociale? ` Les villes canadiennes sont a la crois´e des chemins. e Alors que l’´conomie mondiale traverse une p´riode e e de transformation, la situation des villes au Canada se pr´carise avec les effets de la restructuration e ` n´olib´rale de la gouvernance a multiples...
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...Chapter 1 - Geography Matters: Definitions: * Human geography the study of the spatial organization of human activity and of people’s relationships with their environments * Cartography: the body of practical and theoretical knowledge about making distinctive visual representations of Earth’s surface in the form of maps * Map projection: a systematic rendering on a flat surface of the geographic coordinates of the features found on Earth’s surface * Ethnocentrism: the attitude that a persona’s own race and culture are superior to those of others * Imperialism: the extension of the power of a nation through direct/indirect control of the economic and political life of other territories * Masculinism: the assumption that the world is and should be shaped mainly by men for men * environmental determinism: a doctrine holding that human activities are controlled by the environment * globalization: the increasing interconnectedness of different parts of the world through common processes of economic, environmental political and cultural change * ecumene: the total habitable area of a country. Sine it depends on the prevailing technology, the available ecumene varies over time. Canada’s ecumene is so much less than its total area. * Geodemographic research: investigation using census data and commercial data (i.e. sales data and property records) about populations of small districts to create profiles of those populations for market research ...
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...studies. First thing you have to do in social studies is write down the geography question on that is one the board an write the answer in your steno because if you don’t have it then when has a daily quiz the you won’t have the answer. But you get to use your steno to help you that’s why it’s so important to write down question and the answer it. Second in social studies in the middle of the year you will have to study countries and there region. Then you will eventually have to take a map test and the map test is easy if you study the countries. Every day you will have to read about a country then write notes that is on the board, and then writes the notes in your notebook. After that you will have to take a map test. Projects are the most that count in social studies and there very fun to do. At the end of the year you will have to take a final that means you will have to take a test over the whole world and that’s hard to remember, meanwhile every day you will learn about a country. Third is you getting to do very fun activities in social studies, involving with the countries. You can even play bingo, and you get to play other games too you even get to go outside. Then every week or so you get to do a geo-themes and sometimes you get to do the worksheet with a partner. The best part of the year is the last 4 weeks of the year you get to sit where ever you want and then you get to do a news report over a country that you studied. I really like to go to social...
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...San Diego State University Syllabus World History Fall 2015 History 101, Sec. 03 Dr. Mahdavi Student Learning Goals for Content and Skill Acquisition: This is a course in the history of the human community from approximately 1500 C.E. to the present. The course differs from the traditional Western Civilization class in that the entire world rather than Europe alone is the focus of study. The central questions the course will ask are these: What is Modernity, that is, what do we mean when we ask of "the modern world" in which we live? How have the political, social, cultural, and economic forces that we associate with modernity changed our world and its people during the past 500 years? Why has the intercommunication, interaction, and interdependence of the peoples of the world become so much more intense during the past 500 years than they were in earlier ages? How and why did western civilization rise to global domination in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and how has the challenge of western power and cultural prestige affected the course of history of all the World's people? Finally a question that we should be asking throughout the semester: how have the patterns of world history over the past 500 years determined or affected 1) the way we now live and think, and 2) our prospects for peace, prosperity, and the "pursuit of happiness" in the coming decades? This course is NOT primarily a narrative survey of civilizations, dynasties...
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...Themes and Traditions of Geography Jennifer Friedrichsen Geography 100 4/20/2012 Dr. Siri Nimal Wickramaratne Themes and Traditions of Geography “Geography is the science that studies the relationships among natural systems, geographic areas, society, culture activities, and the independence of all of these over space.” (Christopherson, 2010, p. 4) Over time there have been two attempts that have influenced the basic understanding of geographic information, which allows us to gain additional and improved knowledge as well as appreciation for environmental changes and the different cultures around the world. These attempts are The Four Traditions of Geography and The Five Themes of Geography. Four Traditions of Pattison The four traditions consist of the spatial tradition, area tradition, man-land tradition and earth science tradition. Spatial Tradition is an “academic tradition in modern Geography that investigates geographic phenomena from a strictly spatial perspective” (Pidwirny, 2006). Spatial Tradition focuses on the mapping, positioning, direction, and distance, the characteristics of the form and movement related to these aspects or the distribution of phenomena. Area Studies Tradition is “an academic tradition in modern Geography that investigates an area on the Earth from a geographic perspective at either the local, regional, or global scale” (Pidwirny, 2006). This is the descriptions of different areas or regions. The nature of these...
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...kkkkk ? and ?Late Ferry?. Through poetic devices, Gray enriches our understanding of the concept of journeys and expands our knowledge. However, by contrasting ?Late Ferry... Save Paper Inner Journey- Alibrandi, My Place, The Road Not Taken development towards a better understanding of themselves and the world around them. The growth we derive from such journeys can present us with an avenue for self... Save Paper Statement Of Purpose I could engage with persons from diverse backgrounds and cultures to expand my understanding of the world I live in. I have a desire to go beyond the boundaries... Testing extent has studying the concept of physical journeys expanded your understanding of yourself, of individual, and of the world? Peter Skrzyneckis Immigrant... The Power Of Journeys along the way, and the experiences we possess. Journeys have the ultimate power to change our thinking, our ideas and concepts, inevitably changing us individually... Save Paper Inner Journeys extent has studying the concept of inner journeys expanded your understanding of yourself individuals and of the world? Inner journeys are about the process in... Journeys Lead The Traveller To Knowledge other end of the scale, Priscilla: Queen of the Desert also maintains the concept of Journeys lead the traveller to knowledge, but in a more clever and humorous way... Save Paper Journey Speech story of Edwards view on himself from a different perspective as a hero...
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...Society 1. Fahey remarks about magazine piles “ that has come to haunt people today don’t want clutter. Comment? 2. How can Fahey promote cross functional and cross divisional collaboration by bringing radical changes in business model from paper to digital. 3. What should be the best strategy for fahey to integrate the media and magazine by transforming the culture, behavior and value of a legacy organization. 4. In 1994 Fahey was CEO of ‘Life Time’ ironically facing same challenges with earlier generation of media and technology. Fifteen years later same person is seen as elite general manager at work in a completely different organization. Has his thinking and management style changed? 5. Whom should the e commerce boss report to? How to transform a 123-year-old cultural icon and prepare it for the digital world? Slowly, Key concepts include: 1. Practitioners need to understand the power of the history of their own organizations in order to effect change. 2. Making transformational changes at the National Geographic Society involved pulling management levers to alter a deeply ingrained culture, develop new organizational capabilities, and design a compensation structure aligned with new values. 3. A one-size-fits-all approach to management doesn't work. General managers encountering similar problems in different organizations may need different solutions to solve them. That has come back to haunt us," Fahey says."People today don't want...
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...Summary: The Bhutan country was an emerging market. They strived to instill innovative leaders who wanted to open up to foreign markets. The main industrial strive to increase its growing tourism business was in the form of Royal Bhutan Airlines. They experienced industry growth. This caused them to rethink their strategy of high value low volume. This was due to wanting to preserve the culture and geography of the small nation of under 700 thousand people. Royal Bhutan Airlines was contemplating how to increase size and lower costs by online booking, increased domestic travel, and alliance partnerships. Issues: The major issues that interfered with growth was corporate culture, tariffs, seasonal traffic, and logistical burdens. For starters, Royal Bhutan Airlines was a direct extension from the government since it was designed as a taxi service for Indian officials. They were set on preserving the pristine nature of the Bhutan culture, religious and geographically. Hence why they set small limits on tourists coming in and out of the country. Tariffs caused higher prices on people traveling to the country due to having to go through specific travel agents. Season trends were a large portion of the problem for Royal Bhutan Airlines. To solve this problem, consider buying smaller more economical planes that are only used during slower seasons. It would help with the load percentage. During peak seasons bring out the larger aircrafts. This would also reduce wear...
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...Introduction Javan gibbon is an endemic species in West Java and it is categorized as endangered species now (IUCN, 2008). Javan gibbon habitat is sentralized in lowland forest and mountain forest, one of that are situated at Gunung Tilu Protected Area. However the area has been facing many problems which resulted from human activites such as stealing the forest products, and the existence of tea plantation in this protected area. The research objectives is to develop the habitat suitability map of Javan gibbon in Gunung Tilu Protected Area (GTPA) utilizing Geographic Information System (GIS). Method Javan gibbon habitat suitability mapping was initiated by collection the spatial and attribute data, such as digital map, data survey, and literature. This mapping was based on some habitat variable which determine the Javan gibbon habitat suitability, namely Leaf Area Index (LAI), accesibility (elevation and slope), and distance to road. Variables then were analyzed with GIS and produced thematic map for each variable. Javan gibbon distribution survey data in GTPA by KONUS (Konservasi Alam Nusantara) was used for determine the weight value of habitat variable using a Principal Componenet Analysis (PCA). Result of PCA were utilized as weight to determine Javan gibbon habitat suitability model. Furthermore, the model analyzed by using scoring and overlay methode. Result and disscussion The habitat suitability model: IKH = (2,154xFLAI) + (2,154xFjalan) + (1,044xFtinggi)...
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...English 269: Intro to Cultural Studies 30 September 2010 Cultural Geography Project The small piece of property between Torches on the Hudson and Gully’s Restaurant in Newburgh has become a cornerstone of revitalizing the city’s economy. Although it is only about half a mile long, in less than ten years the enormous facelift that has been given to the area has done wonders for the city’s revenue and tourist appeal as well as provided a much needed aesthetic boost to the waterfront area. Newburgh’s waterfront area has a rare appeal for this particular case study because it has aspects of providing a sense of community in the sense that it is often a focal point for local social gatherings, but it is also a place whose very existence is predicated upon the fact that it generates revenue for the city. As a young kid I can remember days where my father and I would drop my mother off at work and spend the rest of the morning running errands while stopping at the Newburgh Waterfront for lunch. By and large the place was decidedly unimpressive. In fact, there wasn’t much to be seen other than the old rickety piers and the folks ignorant enough of their state to trust their sturdiness (my father and I were quite often included in this class). There were sidewalks to nowhere, not much parking, very little landscaping was done, no shops, just a pier and the few people on it. It seemed, when looked at as a whole, very much like an area that had been almost forgotten by the city...
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