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Gerhard Dogmagk

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Education & Earlier Life
Gehard Domagk, at the age of 14, started his educational career at Sommerfeld ( Lubsko, Poland) where his father worked as assistant head master. He attended the University of Kiel to study medicine. When World War I (19141918) war broked out, he served the army as a grenadier and a medic. During those times, there is an outbreak of cholera, typhus, diarrheal infections and other infectious disease. (Nobelprize.org, 2014) When the war ended in 1918, Domagk continued his course at the University of Kiel focusing on the field of Pathology. After graduating in 1921, he began teaching in Greifswald(1924) and Munster (1925). And then became director of I.G. Farbenindustrie (Bayer) Laboratory for Experimental Pathology and Bacteriology, Wuppertal-Elberfeld. Gerhard Dogmagk married Gertrude Strube, in 1925, by whom he had four children.

Gerhard Domagk discovered the first miracle drugs– sulfa drugs

GERHARD DOMAGK
By M. K. O.
Gerhard Johannes Paul Domagk is a German bacteriologist and pathologist born on October 30 1895 in Lagow , Poland. He was the son of Martha and Paul Richard Domagk. In 1932, he discovered an effective substance to combat straphylococci and hemolytic streptococci. Dyes were tested “for activity against pathogenic bacteria and for toxicity of animals”. Prontosil Rubrum, a new dye of staining leather was nontoxic for animals and completely protected mice against straphylococci and streptococci doses. (Prescott, Harley, & Klein, 1996) In his experiment, Domagk injected 26 mice hemolytic streptococcal bacteria culture. He injected Prontosil to 12 mice. While the 12 survived, the remaining uninjected mice died after four days. Because of his discovery of Prontosil rubrum, on 1935, he was awarded a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Sulfanamide group is an active ingredient of Prontosil Rubrum. (Chemical Heritage Foundation) Domagk did not published his discovery of Prontosil for the reason of uncertainty that the drug which is effective on mice will not be effective on humans. This notion was tested when his daughter, Hildegarde pricked herself with a needle infected by streptococcal infection. Out of desperation, Domagk gave his daughter dosage of prontosil. Hildegarde recovered completely. Despite the result, he did not published this until 1935 when the drug was clinically proven and tested. Domagk discovery paved way for more studies on sulfa drug’s use on treating diseases such as bacterial meningitis, pneumonia and gonorrhea. Now, sulfa drugs are commonly used on treating urinary tract infections. (Nobelprize.org, 2014)

After research
Gerhard Domagk retired in 1958 from University of Munster. He devoted himself to the experimental (chemotherapeutic) study of carcinoma and to the dissemination of modern knowledge about it among the students and others interested in it. His recreation was painting. Gerhard Dogmark died on April 24, 1964 at the age of 68 in Burgberg, Germany because of cardiac degeneration.

Fact
Gerhard Domagk was the first to refuse a Nobel Prize award. Adolf Hitler , during that time, didn’t allow Germans to receive such award. Because of this, Domagk received the award after the war, 1939.

References
Chemical Heritage Foundation. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.chemheritage.org: http:// www.chemheritage.org/discover/onlineresources/chemistry-in-history/themes/ pharmaceuticals/preventing-and-treatinginfectious-diseases/domagk.aspx Prescott, L. M., Harley, J. P., & Klein, D. A. (1996). Microbiology. Wm. C. Brown Publishers. Nobelprize.org. (2014, September 12). Retrieved from www.nobelprize.org: http:// www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/ laureates/1939/domagk-facts.html

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