...Health Care Reform: the Macro Perspective Andrew Ojo HCS/550 December 16, 2013 Connie Melton Health Care Reform, the Macro Perspective Often a time individuals living in America wonders how the health care system could change for the better. One problem that has constantly troubled the minds of consumers have been the subject of health care cost and restrictions invoked by health care coverage providers. At the moment, most of the American people need quality health care services resulting mainly from lack of health care coverage. Here in the United States health care policy and health care service has become controversial domestic issue. Most Americans have this believe that there is a strain on their budgets resulting from how much they have to pay for health care, even employers are complaining that they pay too much as share of cost for employees (Shader, 2013). According to William (2009), the U. S spend a huge portion of its gross national product mainly on health care as compared to other countries. U.S Chamber of Commerce (2013), “The United States spends $2.7 trillion a year on healthcare, and in 2011, the government was on the hook for $38.6 trillion in unfunded liabilities for Medicare”. At present, the United States has relatively poor outcomes in the state health for her citizens to show for the expenditures. In a bid, to find a lasting solution to this concerns, the legislative arms in conjunction with government heads enacted a series of laws in recent...
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...FINC-941: Macroeconomic Policy and Global Capital Markets Fall 2011 Syllabus Linked Non-textbook Readings Starred readings are optional. Week 1: Economic growth across countries: measurement and the facts Charles Jones (1997), "On the Evolution of the World Income Distribution," Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11, 19-36 “Stumble or Fall” The Economist, January 10, 2009 (on-line only) * “Argentina threatens inflation analysts with fine” Financial Times, Feb 4, 2010 *“What’s the Point of Macro?” by Dylan Grice *“An Inflation Debate Brews Over Intangibles at the Mall” Wall Street Journal, May 9, 2005 *“Measuring What Matters” The Economist, September 17, 2009 Weeks 2 and 3: International economic growth and development Capital accumulation Robert E. Hall and Charles I. Jones, "Why Do Some Countries Produce So Much More Output per Worker than Others?" Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1999, Vol. 114, pp. 83-116. *John Fernald and Brent Neiman, “Growth Accounting with Misallocation: Or, Doing Less with More in Singapore” AEJ Macroeconomics, 3(2) April 2011 (Better than the optional article on the reading list, that you can still google.) Institutions “The Road to Hell is Unpaved” Economist, December 19, 2002 (on-line only) The Panda has Two Faces, The Economist, March 31, 3010 (on-line only) “Mad, Bad and Dangerous to Know” The Economist, Jan 14, 2010 (on-line only) Openness *“The Free Trade Fix” New York...
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...problem. We on earth face a challenge, and we need to find the solution. This solution can be reached through economics and science combining forces to ensure that future generations are able to survive and thrive. By understanding the nature of the global warming and creating effective economic policies we are able to become a step closer to making all the difference. The Global Warming Problem Global warming refers to the dramatic rise in the earth’s temperature due to the excess emission greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, water vapor and methane. This phenomenon of global warming has major implications for humanity and nature. With rising sea levels, hotter and drier weather and increases in uncertainty humanity is at risk and the natural environment. These turbulent conditions lead to rapid changes in economic activity in terms of out produce, the way in which all living things can exists. It is through the introduction of policies by governments and other bodies that these effects can be reduced and hopefully overcome. Range of policies in addressing the issue and how each option works: To tackle the problem of global warming, governments have access to a range of policy option. The objective of these policies is to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by providing incentive and ways to effectively delegate the cost of producing to...
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...Macroeconomics Assignment How a rigid Fiscal Policy saved Australia from the Global Financial Crisis TABLE OF CONTENTS: |Item |Heading |Page Number | |1. |Introduction | | |2. |Theoretical Concepts: | | | | | | | |2.1 Economic Growth | | | |2.2 Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply | | | |2.3 Fiscal Policy | | | |2.4 Monetary Policy | | | |2.5 The Impact of Unemployment | | |3. |Related Policy Issues | | |4. ...
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...Global Social Policy http://gsp.sagepub.com/ 'Trade policy, not morals or health policy': The US Trade Representative, tobacco companies and market liberalization in Thailand Ross MacKenzie and Jeff Collin Global Social Policy 2012 12: 149 DOI: 10.1177/1468018112443686 The online version of this article can be found at: http://gsp.sagepub.com/content/12/2/149 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Global Social Policy can be found at: Email Alerts: http://gsp.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://gsp.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://gsp.sagepub.com/content/12/2/149.refs.html >> Version of Record - Aug 16, 2012 What is This? Downloaded from gsp.sagepub.com at Taylor's University on November 5, 2012 Article gsp Global Social Policy 12(2) 149–172 © The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permission: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1468018112443686 gsp.sagepub.com ‘Trade policy, not morals or health policy’:The US Trade Representative, tobacco companies and market liberalization in Thailand Ross MacKenzie Jeff Collin Macquarie University, Australia University of Edinburgh, UK Abstract The enforced opening of Thailand’s cigarette market to imports in 1990 has become a cause celebre in debates about the social and health impacts of trade agreements. At the instigation...
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...United We Stand; Divided We Fall Why Appropriate U.S. Intervention in Foreign Policy is a Necessity for Global Peace In recent times it has become clear that trust of the United States’ ability to foster and produce peace is at an all-time low. In fact, it has recently been reported by The New York Post that a Gallup poll which analyzed data collected from 66,000 people polled in 65 countries that the U.S. is considered to be more threatening to peace efforts than Pakistan, Iran, and China combined, “Of the 66,000 people polled, just under a quarter named Uncle Sam as the greatest threat to world peace,” (New York Post, 2014). While this data sheds a frightening light upon the global opinion of the U.S.’s ability to act as successful peacekeepers, and due to many of the blunders experienced during Bush’s presidency, it is understandable as to why faith in the U.S. has diminished. However, both recent and historical data points towards the contrary, and instead has shown the importance of U.S. intervention in maintaining peace and showing the world that violations of human rights will not be tolerated. Therefore appropriate U.S. intervention within certain foreign policies is a necessity for global peace. Due to the U.S. maintaining one of the world’s largest militia in non-war times it is imperative that the United States’ military be involved in global efforts to foster and maintain peace when necessary. Many countries do not have the capability to defend themselves...
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...Summary of article The central bank of Singapore; Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), has reported slowing down the pace of the Singapore dollar's appreciation to stimulate the economic growth. During the beginning of the 4th quarter this year, it was reported that Singapore's core inflation had reached a six-month high record of 0.6 per cent in the year, but the possible issue of deflation due to the slow global growth is still the primary concern for most. One of the other reason that why MAS wants to use a more aggressive easing approach to slow the local dollar’s gain against its trading partners could be the need of guarding against the import inflation. Due to high demand, Singapore yearly imports around S$464 billion of goods and major of them are the fruits and vegetables, the weakening of Singapore dollar compared to US dollar makes the prices of most imported perishable items more expensive. The secondary reason could be coming up with fiscal expansionary policy measures to revive the growth mainly because the government’s spending on building infrastructure over the past years have shown positive effects. Lastly, the estimation of unexpectedly stronger advance Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth in the third quarter could be the reason for slowing the pace of local dollar appreciation. Introduction Due to the scarcity of land and labor, Singapore is facing not enough manpower and at the same time underemployment and...
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...Barbara Heard MSN 285637 Mentor: Ronda Arnold March 15, 2015 C159/UUT2 – POLICY, POLITICS & GLOBAL HEALTH TRENDS POLICY ANALYSIS TASK Introduction: This assignment requires that I develop and thoroughly analyze a public policy in order to advocate for one that improves the health of the public and/or the nursing profession globally (local, state, national or international). To do this, I must reflect on several aspects of being a policy maker within the nursing profession. I was instructed to consider the following: · Why did I select the health or nursing profession policy issue? · How does this issue affect nursing practice, healthcare delivery and health outcomes for individual, families and/or communities? · What are the values and the ethical positions that underpin my perspectives? · What criteria will I use to evaluate the success (outcomes) of my proposed policy change? I will use both, a top-down and bottom-up approach, in order to analyze and bring the nursing perspective to policy makers and stakeholders. By identifying the values and ethical perspectives that underpin my position, I will develop criteria to evaluate the success of my work which will lead to the creation of a policy brief that can be sent to decision makers and create a plan to work with an organization/community to promote policy change at the local level. Nursing research to support my position is vital in guiding me to my conclusion and will include principles of...
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...Evolution of healthcare - Teaching hospitals Mark Mccaslin MSAT19GDJ3 September 30, 2013 Martha Owen, MHA, FACMPE Evolution of healthcare - Teaching hospitals The trend in teaching hospitals has grown tremendously over the past years. Teaching hospitals “is an operating hospital where medical students and newly graduated doctors complete their training.” These facilities are often known as University Hospitals, in which more than 60 percent of traumas centers are in the United States are teaching facilities. They are normally well funded with the newest technology and treatments than public and private medical centers. These facilities are in inner city areas, and owned by the state or local governments. Doctors, who start working in these facilities, begin in their second half of their graduate program. They are known as interns, and once they graduate it is a requirement to complete four year of residency in their desired field. Teaching hospitals also educate nurses, and other allied professionals, according to the New York Times, individuals who practice in teaching hospitals, “experience an explosion of scientific knowledge that turns into practical use.” The responsibility of these facilities is to render the best care to patients, and members of the community. Teaching hospitals focus on precise areas, to provide the best education as possible. Teaching hospitals have changed the delivery in healthcare, by providing medical training to “physicians, research...
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...TM-Chapter 1 (Motivations, Means and Mentalities) In this chapter, a number of important questions that companies must resolve before taking the leap to operate outside their home environment. 1. What market opportunities, sourcing advantages, or strategic imperatives provide the motivation for their international expansion? 2. By what means will they expand their overseas presence-through modes such as exports, licensing, joint ventures, wholly-owned subsidiaries, or some other means? 3. How will the management mentalities – their embedded attitudes, assumptions, and beliefs- that they bring to their international ventures affect their chances of success? Operating in an international rather than a domestic arena presents managers with many new opportunities. Having worldwide operations not only gives a company access to new markets and low-cost resources, it also opens up new sources of information and knowledge and broadens the options for strategic moves that the company might make to compete with its domestic and international rivals. However, with all these new opportunities come the challenges of managing strategy, organization, and operations that are innately more complex, diverse, and uncertain. What is multinational enterprise? * Multinational enterprise has substantial direct investment in foreign countries (Not just the trading relationships of an import-export business), and actively manage and regard those operations as integral parts of the company...
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...ECON 504 – Final Paper Domestic and Global protectionist policies affecting economies Throughout the global economy, there are free trade zones and there are restricted zones. Free Trade exists when there is an absence of government imposed barriers in existence between nations in order to restrict trade. When barriers such as those referred to as protectionist policies exist, free trade becomes restricted. Protection is essentially defined as any action by national governments that will give an artificial competitive advantage to domestic producers at the expense of foreign producers. National governments aim to protect their nation from the disadvantages of free trade, through protectionist policies in the form of subsidies, tariffs, local content rules, quotas, export incentives and voluntary export restraints. Reasons for protection include “The Infant Industry argument” which states that some industries in a given country may develop a comparative advantage if only they are sheltered from foreign competition for a while, by means of temporary protection. So if in the future, the infant industries ‘grow up’ and form a comparative advantage, the domestic economy will gain access to a larger demand market, creating an injection into the economy, resulting in increased economic activity and employment. The domestic protection argument states that free trade and increased global competition can result in structural unemployment. Therefore, it has...
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...security controls for an organization IT security policy is an important task that can have major implications on the operations of an organization as well as the interest of individuals. Security controls are the management, operational, and technical safeguards or countermeasures employed within an organizational information system to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system and its information. This paper defines the elements and recommendations for use by the organization in protecting the information systems employed in conjunction with and as part of a well-defined and documented information security policy program. It is of importance that responsible officials understand the risks and other factors that could adversely affect organizational operations and assets, individuals and other organizations. These officials must also understand the current status of their security programs and the security controls plans are in place to protect their information and systems in order to make informed judgments at a an acceptable level. The ultimate objective is to conduct the day-to-day operations of the organization and to accomplish business functions with what Global Distribution, Inc defines as security balanced with limited results from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction of information. Global Distribution, Inc (CDI) Security Policy The purpose of this plan is to ensure the confidentiality...
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...China’s Green Credit Policy: Building Sustainability in the Financial Sector World Resources Institute June 8, 2011 Motoko Aizawa, Sustainability Advisor, IFC The Green Credit Policy - the Domestic Context • Pattern of rapid economic growth characterized by: High consumption of energy and natural resources Environmental pollution & biodiversity loss Growing social tension and inequality • Recognition that administrative measures need to be coupled with market-based policies • Turning to the power of the market: Environmental economic policies Environmental Tax Ecological Compensation Mechanism Green Trade Policy Green Government Procurement Green Insurance Green Securities Green Credit China’s Green Credit Policy • Context: Banks provide 80-90% of funding to Chinese enterprises • Dual Purpose: Direct credits away from highly polluting and high energy-consuming enterprises and projects Direct credits toward energy conservation and emission reduction at preferential terms • Launched in July 2007 by three agencies: Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) People’s Bank of China (PBOC) • New feature: Inter-agency collaboration with clear implementation responsibilities Based on lessons learned from the 1995 policy experience IFC Partnership with Chinese Agencies on Green Credit • Objective: Knowledge transfer of IFC experience in sustainable...
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...in my opinion. Englishnization for sure will help the company to have more benefits like competitive advantages in the market and can conduct global business easier. On the other hand this policy made more pressure on the employees, miscommunication, less productivity and lead to employee frustration and decrease their morale. 2- Mikatani wants his company to catch up with the global business. He wants Rakuten to become the world number one company in internet services and to acquire many international companies from his experience he knows that English is the global business language, so he wants the company to run completely in English to ensure proper global communication with the whole world. 3- According to the results of the survey in exhibit 3, employees experience the new mandates according to their previous language background. Most of Japanese native speakers saw this new policy as a threat and don’t like it, even they become more afraid of losing their jobs. But for those English speakers and other foreigners they found it a good policy for them. They already know this language and they will become more important in the organization with that policy. 4- The productivity of employees is one of the determinants of acceptance. In the case they show lesser productivity so I think this one indicator of rejecting this policy. Also improvement in the score of TOIFC will be one of the determinants. Very close to the deadline many of employees still don’t have a good...
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...Table of Contents Task 1 2 Different types of organizations and the purpose 2 1.1 Purpose of organization 2 1.2 Meeting Stakeholders objectives 4 1.3 The responsibilities that the Sainsbury organization has and the strategies they employ to meet these responsibilities. 6 Task 2 8 2.1 Different economic systems and resource allocation 8 2.2 Impact of fiscal and monetary policies in Business Organization 11 2.3 Impact of Competition policy and other regulatory mechanisms on the business 12 Task 3 14 Behaviour of Organisation in the Market Place 14 3.1 Market structure to determine the pricing and output decisions of businesses 14 3.2 Market forces shape organizational responses 15 3.3 The business and cultural environments shape the behaviour of an organization 16 Task 4 19 4.1 The significance of international trade to UK business organizations 19 4.2 The impact of global factors on UK business organizations 21 4.3 The impact of policies of the European Union on UK business organizations 25 Conclusion 28 References 29 Task 1 Different types of organizations and the purpose 1.1 Purpose of organization Before we learn about the types of organizations, we need to learn the basic purpose of setting organizations. The main purpose of organization is to provide a pathway to their business setup and to set the main objective for their business. Organizations help in making profit in a standard way. The different purpose of organizations...
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