...HLSC120: Society, Culture and Health eLearning Lecture Enhancement eModule Module 2 – Week 2 by by Dr Monica Nebauer (Queensland) Revised 2014 Introduction Welcome to the second of six eLearning Lecture Enhancement Modules for this unit. As explained in your first eModule, the purpose of these eModules is to extend the content of your weekly two hour lecture, to create knowledge links for you to the Seminar Questions that you and other students will be planning to present in your Student Seminars, and to help you enrich your learning as you develop your reflective learning and writing skills. In this eModule, you will be able to explore further: social changes from world globalizing processes, health care and globalizing processes, and finally, globalizing processes and cultural diversity in Australia. As you will be aware there is one Reflective Learning and Writing proforma on LEO that you are asked to use for your Reflective Learning and Writing task (2,500 words). At the end of this eModule (look under the green box) there are five questions from which you can choose a question to answer for your second assessment task. Learning Outcomes and Graduate Attributes The Learning Outcomes (with numbering from your Unit Outline) that will be addressed in this eModule are as follows – 1. explain changes in contemporary Australian society, culture and health related to world globalising processes; 2. discuss the impact of societal changes and an increasing cultural diversity...
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...a. What are the facilitating developments that have allowed health care to start globalizing? The facilitating developments that have allowed healthcare to start globalizing were that healthcare and insurance have become more and more expensive in the U.S. There have been opportunities for education in the medical field for people in different countries. In the grand scheme of things, travel is fairly inexpensive and quite fast. b. Who benefits from the globalization of health care? Those that benefit from the globalization of healthcare are the uninsured and the underinsured because this aids them in avoiding the high costs that can happen where medical bills are concerned. Insurance companies also benefit because they don’t need to pay big money for domestic procedures. The different countries probably benefit the most from having highly educated people and the profits they are making traveling tourists that travel solely for medical reasons. c. Who are the losers in the globalization of health care? The clear losers where globalization of healthcare is concerned is the hospitals and the U.S doctors that would perform those procedures at the domestic facilities. There is a clear loss in the profits that they would have received for those procedures. d. Are there any risks associated with the globalization of health care? The main risk is more of an uncertainty, which is concerning the level of care provided. Even though the procedures that are being performed...
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...The Impact of Globalization on the Health Sector in South Africa After the Apartheid era, massive inequalities in income, health status, access to health care and other social services continued to dominate in South Africa. The Apartheid era was a system of racial segregation that was implemented in South Africa from 1948 to 1994. Due to colonization, whites had ruled South Africa for several centuries, which resulted in the creation of a system that was constructed to serve as a legal framework for continued economic and political dominance by people of European descent (WHO 2003: Antiretroviral Therapy). The apartheid era came to an end as a consequence of both inner and global pressure and South Africa’s new democratic government. The new government claims that improving the access to health care is a main priority noting, “emphasis should be placed on reaching … the most vulnerable” (Department of Health 1997:13). Giving access to health care is becoming an even greater challenge. South Africa was, and is still facing an exploding HIV/AIDS epidemic that, if anything, is highly associated with health care demands. Today, there are more than 5.3 million people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa, this accounts for more than 21.5% of the entire population (CIA World Fact book: 2006). This paper aims to understand how the health care sector has dealt with the challenges faced in dealing with immense inequalities and a growing epidemic in the context of globalization...
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...What are the facilitating developments that have allowed health care to start globalizing? 1. The decline in barriers of free flow of health care services /capital has facilitated and allowed health care to start globalizing. The cost of medical services in other countries (i.e., Mexico, India, Singapore) generally run from 20-35% of cost for the same procedure in the United States. Many people find it far cheaper to fly abroad to get treatment versus the high cost of medical care in the United States and the quality of care is often comparable to what they would receive in the U.S.A. This creates opportunities for health care providers in other countries to grow their business, for U.S. insurance companies to lower their costs by agreeing to pay for treatment in accredited hospital overseas, and for health brokers in the U.S.A. who make money arranging for U.S. citizens to have treatment overseas, and benefits health care consumers. 2. Advances in technology, particularly the dramatic developments in telecommunications, information processing, and transportation have facilitated and allowed health care to start globalizing. The rapid growth of the Internet (World Wide Web) has been a major force facilitating and allowing hospitals in the U.S. to send images (i.e., X-rays, Ct scans, MRI scans, and ultrasound) over the internet to doctors/skilled workers overseas who specialize in reading/interpreting diagnostic medical images. This reduces the workload on medical...
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...Globalization of Health Care 1. What are the facilitating developments that have allowed health care to start globalizing? a) Health care in the U.S. is becoming more expensive. The decline in barriers of free flow of health care services /capital has facilitated and allowed health care to start globalizing. The cost of medical services in other countries (i.e., Mexico, India, and Singapore) generally runs from 20-35% of cost for the same procedure in the United States. Many people find it far cheaper to fly abroad to get treatment versus the high cost of medical care in the United States. Furthermore, over 45 million Americans are uninsured and many more are “underinsured” and face high copayments for expensive procedures. b) The quality of care in other countries is often comparable to what they would receive in the U.S.; new hospitals, most of them private, with highly skilled physicians, many of them trained in the United States or Britain. c) The rising costs of workforce insurance are starting to persuade some large American companies to look abroad. Moreover, some insurance companies are experimenting with payments for treatment in accredited hospitals overseas. d) Advances in technology, particularly the dramatic developments in telecommunications, information processing, and transportation have facilitated and allowed health care to start globalizing. The rapid growth of the Internet has been a major force facilitating and allowing hospitals in the U.S. to...
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...developments that have allowed health care to start globalizing? - Health care and health insurance in the U.S. is becoming ever more expensive - Educational opportunities in the medical field are expanding for people from other countries - Travel is relatively inexpensive and very fast - Communications technologies allow information to be shared almost instantly around the world 2. Who benefits from the globalization of health care? Who are the losers? Patients who are uninsured or underinsured definitely benefit because they can potentially avoid crippling medical bills for the care they need. Insurance companies may also benefit due to not having to pay such large amounts for domestic procedures. The countries where patients are going to have procedures done are also benefiting through larger numbers of highly educated people and the additional influx of money the medical tourists bring in. I guess the losers would be the hospitals and doctors that would otherwise be performing these procedures at domestic facilities. 3. Are there any risks associated with the globalization of health care? Can these risks be mitigated? How? One risk, or uncertainty, would be the level of care patients would receive abroad. However, we're talking about established medical practitioners doing the work in new, possibly private facilities - not some back alley doctor in a third world country who can take care of you "for cheap". Standards of care will be followed, and I would...
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...GLOBALIZATION AND PUBLIC HEALTH Although, recently there is a growing literature on the importance of globalization for health, the term globalization has for long been used in academic discourse, particularly within the social and political science but relatively new in the discussion within public health. While the processes of globalization are far from straight forward, the concept of health is as well a complex one, which result into no consensus either on the pathways and mechanism through which globalization affects the health of population or on the appropriate policy responses (woodward et al 2001). However, there has been a significant increase interest on the issue of globalization within public health, although a contested one, since authors on public health are still undecided not only on the exact conclusion on the impact of globalization on public health, whether bad or good, but also as to whether globalization has actually cemented its place in the public health lexicon. Nevertheless, it is know that a broad-based public health should take note of significant economic, political and social changes that determine and shape people’s health, and this definitely will call for a proper theoretical approach to globalization in understanding the nature of these contemporary economic, political and social changes (Stuart McClean in Orme et. al. 2007). This essay will describe the relationship between globalization and public health. It will first begin, by exploring...
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...Globalization of Health Care QUESTION 1: What are the facilitating developments that have allowed health care to start globalizing? Answer: The globalization of health care saves the United States from 20 to 35 percent of those costs in the United States. Countries like Mexico, India, and Singapore are the three largest recipient countries of American patients where more of 1 million patients were treated in 2007. The international movement of health personnel across borders has become a significant component of the trade in health services and has attracted considerable attention in the scientific and lay press A number of factors are driving the globalization facilitating which is discussed below: * Health care and health insurance in the U.S. is becoming more expensive * Travel is relatively inexpensive and very fast * Communications technologies allow information to be shared almost instantly around the world * Some insurance companies are starting to experiment whit payment for foreign treatment at internationally accredited hospital * Quality of treatment is comparable. One of the primary reasons of facilitating globalization is the high cost of medical care in the United States, which is the source of the largest number of patients. About 45 million Americans are uninsured and many more are underinsured and they are faced with high copayments for some of their expensive procedures. The decline in barriers of free flow of health care services has facilitated...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY REPORT ON TWEGAITE EFFORTS FOR BUSOGA DEVELOPMENT By Dr. Bakama BakamaNume, Chair, Busoga Twegaite, Houston, Texas, Dr. Fred W. Alibatya, Chair, Twegaite Inc. – New Jerseyand Mr. John Kizito-Kalema, Chair, Twegaite, Minneapolis, MN. History and Accomplishments Purpose By the time of this report Twegaite has three announced chapters: (1) Twegaite Inc. – New Jersey, (ii) Busoga Twegaite – Houston, TX and (iii) Twegaite – Minneapolis, MN. Twegaite has had two international conventions: Houston, May 22nd – 26th and Minneapolis, May 22nd – 25th. The three chapters are unanimous in purpose and resolve to develop Busoga. Just note that both Houston and Minneapolis made Twegaite truly international. (i) New Jersey Chapter At the May 21st – 25th , 2009 Twegaite second International Convention in Minneapolis, MN, the banquet speaker Betsy Waibi Zikusoka spoke of the history and purpose of Twegaite as a concept and an organization. She also highlighted some of the achievements the organization had scored in specific projects back in Busoga. “I shall try my best to give you the history of Twegaite” she said. “Twegaite came about as a result of a meeting that was held in Princeton Junction, one Sunday afternoon, in October 1998. We figured that as a group the idea of trying to give back to our community in Busoga and Uganda at large was not a bad one. It is a non-political group and the name Twegaite means, "Let's unite." Membership is open to anybody in the world who subscribes...
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...other fatal diseases through research and treatment” (2013, para. 1). From there they had started working to provide treatment to adolescents from all 50 states, as well as children from around the world. In addition to the incredible treatments they provide to their patients, St. Jude is special because the children and their families receiving care from St. Jude pay for nothing. In addition to administering remarkable care to their patients, St. Jude is also one of the leaders in research for childhood cancers and other fatal diseases. Goals, Principles, Role, and Importance of Ethical Values The main goal for their organization is globalizing medical care and prevention of fatal diseases in adolescents. Ultimately, they will persevere this goal by accommodating above and beyond patient care by doing the following: regulating fundamental, explanation, and scientific research intended to exemplify biological devices; comprehend disease pathogens; promote better diagnosis; improve medical care outcomes; and avert diseases as well as minimizing unfortunate results from treatment. During their perseverance they will also educate health care and scientific research experts. Thus, St. Jude’s will be able to discover cures as well as improving the well-being for the ever growing population of adolescents who are admitted for treatment by pursuing cures by trial and error. St. Jude researchers will expand and share their knowledge in the advancements of treatment in those with fatal...
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...Health Ethics Assignment 6 * Autonomy Is the personal rule of the self that is free from both controlling interferences by others and from personal limitations that prevent meaningful choice. Personal autonomy is at minimum, self-rule that is free from both controlling interference by others and from limitations, such as inadequate understanding, that prevent meaningful choice. The autonomous individual acts freely in accordance with a self-chosen plan, analogous to the way an independent government manages its territories and sets its policies. A person of diminished autonomy, by contrast, is in some respect controlled by others or incapable of deliberating or acting on the basis of his or her desires and plans. For example, prisoners and mentally retarded individuals often have diminished autonomy. According to this kind of conception, a person’s beliefs, desires, choices, decisions, etc. are autonomous when they fulfil certain procedural criteria. As the above quotation suggests, there can be different views about exactly how these criteria should be formulated. I would however argue that all plausible procedural theories of individual autonomy accept at least the following requirements. If a person’s behavior results from such things as compulsion and weakness of will, then it is not autonomous but heteronomous. If a person’s choices, decisions, beliefs, desires, etc. are due to such external influences as unreflect socialization, manipulation, coercion, etc...
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...http://www.nckvietnam.com Understanding the Global Spa Industry http://www.nckvietnam.com This page intentionally left blank http://www.nckvietnam.com Understanding the Global Spa Industry: Spa Management Marc Cohen and Gerard Bodeker AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEWYORK • OXFORD • PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier http://www.nckvietnam.com Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA01803, USA First edition 2008 Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone ( 44) (0) 1865 843830; fax ( 44) (0) 1865 853333; email: permissions@elsevier.com. Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier web site at http:/ /elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any...
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...diverse and inclusive culture reflective of our dynamic global marketplace. The Johnson & Johnson Family of Companies will realize this vision by: * Fostering inclusive cultures that embrace our differences and drive innovation to accelerate growth; * Achieving skilled, high performance workforces that are reflective of the diverse global marketplace; * Working with business leaders to identify and establish targeted market opportunities for consumers across diverse demographic segments; and * Cultivating external relationships with professional, patient and civic groups to support business priorities. The environment is the ultimate human health issue. As the world’s largest health care company, Johnson & Johnson recognizes the critical interdependence between human health and the health of our planet. We believe a healthy planet and a healthy community go hand in hand. That’s why we are committed to reducing our environmental impacts across all aspects of our operations – striving for performance that does not merely comply with regulations but protects and nurtures the planet’s beauty and resources for future generations. Guided by our Credo, this vision is driven by our long-term environmental goals, policies and performance standards. Our commitment is...
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...Case 2-2 - The Crest Whitestrip Challenge Question 1 – Summary of Table A After reviewing the table provided by Simmons Market Research Bureau, spring 2006 the most popular product is all whiteners with a 15.2% of adults that participated on the research. The second and third most popular products were the Whitening strips with 8.3%, followed by Whitening gels with a 5.5% of the adults that participated on the study. The bigger users of any whitening products are females at over 65% while males represent only a 35% of the sales of whitening products. The age group that represent the highest number of sales are the 18-24 year olds with about 23% of the sales, followed by two age groups 35-44 and 45-54 both representing 18% of sales. Users of Whitening products by age groups In addition the demographic that is among the biggest users are singles with 33% followed by divorced/separated with a 30%. College graduates and consumers with some college education are also among the biggest users of the whitening products both with 27% of the users. The biggest users of whitening products are the household with the highest income with income over $150,000 representing a 13% of its users. Households with income in the range of $100,000 to $149,999 represent the second highest users at 12% followed by the household income range of $40,000 to $49,999 and $75,000 to $99,000 both representing an 11% of the users. Users of whitening products by household income Among the...
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...Health is the level of functional or metabolic efficiency of a living being[clarify]. In humans, it is the general condition of a person's mind and body, usually meaning to be free from illness, injury or pain (as in "good health" or "healthy").[1] The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health in its broader sense in 1946 as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."[2][3] Although this definition has been subject to controversy, in particular as lacking operational value and because of the problem created by use of the word "complete," it remains the most enduring.[4][5] Other definitions have been proposed, among which a recent definition that correlates health and personal satisfaction.[6][7] Classification systems such as the WHO Family of International Classifications, including the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), are commonly used to define and measure the components of health. Systematic activities to prevent or cure health problems and promote good health in humans are undertaken by health care providers. Applications with regard to animal health are covered by the veterinary sciences. The term "healthy" is also widely used in the context of many types of non-living organizations and their impacts for the benefit of humans, such as in the sense of healthy communities, healthy cities or healthy environments...
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