...moderating long-term interest rates. Pretty much it wants to create a stable economy. 2. Pros and Cons Pros: * Our paper money is a "fiat" currency that can be printed without limit and has no real value – its value is only maintained by the "full faith and credit" of the government. Gold has real value due to its beauty, usefulness, and scarcity. * With a fiat currency the government can essentially manufacture money virtually out of nowhere. Since leaving the gold standard in 1971 US currency in circulation increased from $48.6 billion to over $1 trillion dollars in 2012. Between 1971 and 2003 the entire supply of money in the United States has increased by 1,100%. Under a gold standard, new money could only be printed if a corresponding amount of gold were available to back the currency. * Since leaving the gold standard in 1971, inflation has reduced the value of the dollar, and inflated the price of oil about 32 fold. In 1973, Saudi Arabia agreed to trade oil only in dollars. This created a new international demand for the fiat dollars the Fed was now printing and as more dollars flooded the world, general inflation in oil prices followed. When on a partial gold standard in the 1950s and 1960s the...
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...Gold Anonymous. Metal Bulletin Monthly 418 (Oct 2005): 50-51. Abstract (summary) Pure - or 1,000 thousandths - gold is equivalent to 24 carats, but gold is generally used as an alloy because it is such a soft metal. The jewellers' terms "fine gold" and "pure gold" mean 920 and 840 thousandth alloys respectively, the balance being supplied by copper. The addition of copper produces red and pink golds, while deep yellow gold is practically 100% pure and "white gold" is often a gold alloy containing nickel and palladium. Pure - or 1,000 thousandths - gold is equivalent to 24 carats, but gold is generally used as an alloy because it is such a soft metal. The jewellers' terms "fine gold" and "pure gold" mean 920 and 840 thousandth alloys respectively, the balance being supplied by copper. The addition of copper produces red and pink golds, while deep yellow gold is practically 100% pure and "white gold" is often a gold alloy containing nickel and palladium. Full Text Gold is among the oldest metals known to mankind, over whom it has often exerted a compelling force of attraction because of its rarity, lustrous beauty and permanence. A sun-yellow ductile metallic element, gold mostly occurs as nuggets in rocks and alluvial deposits. It has a high melting point (1,063°C) and is one of the best conductors of heat and electricity, as well as being resistant to corrosion, except from chlorine, fluorine and aqua regia acid. It is one of the densest elements at 19.3 g/cm^sup...
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...Gold as an investment option | | Mayank Chandola MBA in International BusinessSymbiosis Institute of International Business | | Table of Contents History of the yellow metal 2 Why it is attractive? 3 Portfolio diversifier 4 Inflation hedge 4 Investment risks in Gold 5 Risk with physical gold 5 Political Risks 5 Market Risks 5 Exchange rate risks 5 Demand/Supply side risks 5 Outlook 6 References 7 History of the yellow metal Gold has always been used as a medium of exchange for goods since ancient times and has not suffered devaluation in the same ways as paper currency. Gold has a record long history as a commodity and as a store of value. It has been formally a monetary media in and around the world. Gold has faced complete official demonetization long back, yet it experiences continued and renewed interest as a private or unofficial monetary medium. Even governments around the world are making greater use of gold in international financial affairs. Over time, gold has undergone three major transitions: 1. Gold was a medium of exchange in the early civilization 2. Next, an international banking system was developed around it, in which paper money was fully convertible into gold 3. This convertibility was ceased in 1971 by the then president Richard Nixon and a purely fiat money system took its place. Early civilizations equated gold with gods and rulers. Humans almost intuitively place a high value on gold, equating it with...
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...old Price Forecast 2013 Predictions and Estimates from Multiple Analysts The Gold price forecast for the year 2013 has been covered by multiple analysts. Here is their consensus: While the price of Gold has a gamut of forecast ranges for 2013, most experts remain bullish on the yellow metal for the year, though some have scaled back their estimates slightly over the past few months. A compilation of their predictions are listed below. Bank of America Merrill Lynch In a December 2012 report, Bank of America Merrill Lynch stated that Gold would average $2,000 in 2013, with the metal climbing to $2,400 in 2014. “Large-scale policy easing by the U.S. Federal Reserve and European Central Bank positions Gold as a useful hedge against global macro and inflation risks taking the commodity to $2000/ oz levels”, said the bank. The bank added that, “We have a sixmonth [Gold price] target of $2000 an ounce, but see scope as well for prices to rise to $2400 an ounce by the end of 2014. These targets reflect our view that the Fed will maintain mortgage purchases until the end of 2014 and will move to buy Treasuries following the end of Operation Twist in December 2012.” BNP Paribas BNP Paribas expects Gold to average $1,865 an ounce for the year. “Market sentiment towards Gold has been much more uncertain in 2012 than was the case in previous years. Yet, we expect Gold to achieve a new record high in 2013 due to further monetary easing, less tail risk related to a breakup of the euro...
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...Gold Fundamental Report February 2012 Disclaimer This report has been prepared by the Knowledge Management Department of NCDEX Limited for the purpose of information dissemination. The facts are reported from publications and have not been checked for authenticity. NCDEX and its employees will not be responsible for any decision taken by the reader based on this report and are adv advised to take independent advise on the commodity(is) dealt in this report . For more information contact Ashwin Dilip Vidhate Knowledge Management Group NCDEX Ltd. ashwin.vidhate@ncdex.com +91 022 6640 6836 2 Table of Contents 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 2. Gold supply ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Gold supply: Indian scenario............................................................................................................................................................ 14 3. Gold demand ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Gold demand: Indian scenario ..................................................
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...1941, much of his Presidency. One controversial decision FDR made was to remove the US from the Gold Standard which he did in June of 1933.1 The Gold Standard is a monetary system in which currency is backed by gold. The decision to remove the United States from the Gold Standard came as a result of the tremendous economic hardship of the Great Depression, which Americans had already been enduring the symptoms of for several years before FDR took office in 1932.2 The Gold Standard was not plausible according to many economic experts because with the Depression came staggering unemployment numbers as high as forty percent in some parts. Nearly 13 million people were out of work when Roosevelt took office.3 Whitehouse.gov Many people lived in extremely crowded living arrangements especially people of color. In 1913 the Federal Reserve was created, it was suppose to alleviate the fears of American account holders and prevent run on from banks in two ways: It could provide a vehicle for banks to borrow cash during times of stringency; therefore, satisfying their customer’s needs. The other avenue the Fed had was to create a new form of currency or Federal Reserve Notes. 2 ________________________________________________________________ 1. “FDR takes United States off gold standard,” The History Channel website, http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/fdr-takes-united-states-off-gold-standard (accessed Apr 26, 2014). 2. Elkwell, Craig K....
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...cosmetic procedures, the effects of aging can be stalled and unwanted features can even be reversed. Of the various procedures available that claim to restore and renew sagging skin in the facial region, the gold thread lift procedure is one that has provided very positive results. Thread lifting is nothing new in the realm of cosmetic procedures as it has been around since the 1970s, but gold thread lifting has some differences. Thread lifting, in general, is performed to create an artificial matrix underneath the surface of the skin. Multiple threads of stitch-like material are inserted beneath facial tissue. The goal of this process is to raise the mid-face, brow, and neck areas. Gold thread lifting involves a gold thread and a gold-polyglycol acid thread being woven into the skin and its deep, soft tissues. This weaving is done by creating very tiny incisions (1.5 mm) in the hairline, and then passing the threads under the skin in specific locations with the use of a small needle. Introducing this foreign material into the skin prompts the body to produce new collagen and fibroblasts around the threads, thereby tightening underlying tissues in the skin. Overall, the process creates considerable improvement in the skin's tone, color, and firmness. Specialists in gold thread lifting...
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...Copper is a ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. Pure copper is soft and malleable; a freshly exposed surface has a reddish-orange color. It is found in many different places In the world, but the biggest composite of copper is in Chile second to that is in Utha, with other large mines in Arizona, New Mexico and Michigan. Copper can come from a naturally formed free metallic state found in t basaltic lava as a result of volcanic activity. Or Copper can be found in oxidized ores and sulfide ores that must be mined and processed oxidized ores contain primarily copper, and can basically be melted down into copper in a smelting procress. A process in mining copper is called open pit mining in which a big hole is dug in the earth that are sometimes a few thousands of yards wide. huge machinery are used to mine copper such as giant earth movers, rock crushers even blasting with dinomites is used to move large chucks of earth. luckly we are in not gunna run out of copper any thime soon. An estimated 5.8 trillionpounds of copper known worldwide, of which about .07 trillion pounds have been mined throughout history. And of that .07 trillion is still in circulation because coppers recycling rate is higher than that of any other engineering metal. Silver, what is it and where it found? Native silver is the purest kind of silver. Native silver is a metal with nothing else added to it. Most silver is found in an ore combined with a mineral. it can be found in...
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...Pan American Silver Corp. (NASDAQ: PAAS) * Enterprise Value: $833.83M | * Enterprise Value/Oz.: $1.36 | * Industry: Silver Production | * Symbol: PAAS | * Production: 19,330,000 (9 months) | * Market Capital: $1.03B (as on 7/1/16) | * Revenue: $511,728,000 (9 months) | * Share Price: $6.81 (as on 7/1/16) | * Net Income: $ (9.46)M (as on 30/9/15) | * P/E Ratio: N/A | Pan American Silver Corp. is a Canadian company focusing on silver mining in Mexico, Peru, Bolivia and Argentina with corporate office in Vancouver. The company is trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the SYM: PAA and SYM: PAAS on the NASDAQ. Founded in 1994, the company acquired its first operation, the Quiruvilca mine in Peru, in 1995. It has grown into an established and respected mine builder and operator through the acquisition and reengineering of existing mines, or through the development of late-stage exploration assets that they successfully permitted, built and put into ongoing mining operations. In two decades, with constant increase in production and reserve year after year the company has become the world’s second largest primary silver producer. Mines and Claims Pan American Silver owns seven operating mines and six development and exploration projects. All the projects and five of the seven operating mines are under 100% ownership of the company. The operating mines and development projects are all located in Mexico, Peru, Bolivia and Argentina...
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...Most miners of the Amazon lead a very polluted way of life. They pollute the environment they live in and they pollute themselves. The, "garimpeiros" as the miners are called in Brazil are independent farmers of the gold that flows beneath the rivers of the Amazon rain-forest. Their daily routine of early mornings, long hard days, and late nights drinking and taking cocaine contribute to their way of life. Their only goal in life is to drill for the gold dust which seems to collect at the bottoms of waterfalls then use the profits for illegal self indulgences like cocaine. To extract this gold dust they must combine mercury with the dust, and because of the mercury’s chemical make-up it is able to extract the gold from the useless rock and debris. The mercury, however, isn’t the cleanest element for the environment. Many garimpeiros carelessly use the mercury then dump it into the rivers polluting the water and the food. Also, the dust from the mercury gets inhaled by the miners, contributing to their polluted way of life. All day dragas, which are boats used for mining the bottom of rivers, are pulled to locations where gold is thought to be found, moving and polluting. Then there is the common drug use among these farmers. To sum the garimpeiros’ way of life, they live a life of drinking and drugs, women and murder. So the polluted way of life is obvious, men poison the waters and the food and then ultimately themselves, with the illegal activities of the mining trade in Brazil...
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...economicshelp.org/2009/02/gold-standard-explained.html https://books.google.co.za/books?id=tuP0CAAAQBAJ&pg=PA140&dq=Gold+Standard+explained&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAGoVChMIwNPEmLHExwIVRdYUCh3QlArs#v=onepage&q=Gold%20Standard%20explained&f=false http://econ.economicshelp.org/2009/02/gold-standard-explained.html Verskaf ‘n kort geskiedenis van die Goue Standaard as ‘n internasionale monetêre stelsel, en verskaf argumente teen die terugkeer na die Goue Standaard. / Provide a brief history of the Gold Standard as an international monetary system, and provide arguments against returning to the Gold Standard. Introduction Body. The Gold Standard was a monetary system where the standard unit of currency was a fixed weight of gold at a fixed price with an intrinsic value. The Gold Standard system fixed the value of paper money (also known as fiat money), which circulates as a medium of exchange, by allowing it to convert into a certain amount of gold on demand. Furthermore, the rates of exchange between national currencies were also fixed. The advantage of the gold standard is that the amount of gold was relatively stable. It means that governments couldn't print money and create inflation. It also created confidence in the financial system. From 1871 till 1914 the Gold Standard was at its pinnacle. During this period, there were near perfect political contexts which existed. Governments tried to cooperate in order to make the Gold Standard system...
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...the internal/external environment * SWOT analysis in relative comparison to current competitors * Your intended business strategy * Justification to support your intended strategy Sound and Solid Investment MOHAMMAD HATTA & PARTNERS INVESTMENT SERVICES (SAMPLE) ------------------------------------------------- SAMPLE Disclaimer: This is a sample business plan which is prepared as part of the assignment for Strategic Management Class. The reference is made to Public Gold. Some data are fictitious in order to capture the main purpose of this class that is to apply Strategic Management in business - Art & science of formulating, implementing, and evaluating, cross-functional decisions that enable an organization to achieve its objectives. CONTENTS 1. BACKGROUND OF BUSINESS VENTURE 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3. GENERAL COMPANY DESCRIPTION 4.1. COMPANY OVERVIEW 4.2. MISSION AND VISION 4.3. STRENGTHS AND CORE COMPETENCIES 4.4. CHALLENGES 4. INDUSTRY ANALYSIS Question 1: What Are the Industry’s Dominant Economic Features? Question 2: How Strong Are Competitive Forces? Question 3: What Forces Are Driving Industry Change and What Impacts Will They Have...
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...Abstract The historic silver/gold price ratio was 15 or 16:1, but in recent years, silver is relatively cheaper ranging from about 40:1 to 80:1. On Jan 24th, 2003, with silver at $4.89/oz. and gold at $368/oz., the ratio is 75:1. This means that silver is currently undervalued, and cheaper than historic norms, and thus it is better investment than even gold if investors want to “buy low and sell high”. The supply and demand fundamentals for silver are extraordinary. Annual supply is about 650 million ounces, and annual demand is about 800 million ounces. Considering refined and mined known silver reserves, there are far less silver in the world than gold. About 150 million ounces of silver vs. 4000 million ounces of gold. Investors may get so much silver for their money. A bag of junk silver weighs about 55 pounds, and the size of a bowling ball. If investors invested $100,000 into junk silver coins, at $3500/bag, that would give them 28.5 bags each weighing 55 pounds, or 57 bags weighing 27 pounds each, or about 1571 pounds total. Could they imagine moving that much around their house if they had to move? Silver is so cheap it creates physical problems for investors today! Keywords Silver, Gold, Awareness, Differences, Prospective, Investment. Chapter 1 Introduction Lately, value investors are moving towards into silver investment rather than gold investment due their infatuation and brighter prospect gain look continuously. True, both metals have not...
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...Patrice Sterling Dr. Andrews Paper #2 The Colorado Gold Rush began in 1858 and attracted a staggering variety of characters. United by a common desire to find their fortunes in the West, these prospectors faced harsh conditions and often, little reward. Fifty years later, those flocking to Colorado were a very different sort. Entrepreneurs, tycoons, and even European nobility sought out the state’s pristine natural beauty by visiting luxury hotels and by building lavish private residences. Increasingly, Colorado became a destination for those who had already secured their fortunes, rather than a place to start from scratch. Certainly, more modest citizens continued to flow into the new state, but compared with earlier days in the state’s past, Colorado began to attract more people from the luxury set than ever before. I chose two photographs, taken fifty years apart, to exemplify the changing character and reputation of Colorado during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The first image I will be analyzing shows a prospector working panning for gold on a river bank in the Colorado mountains near Cripple Creek. It was taken circa 1890 by an unidentified photographer. The man’s clothing is tattered and his beard is unkempt. He crouches in the icy water, staring woefully into his sieve, which presumably contains nothing more valuable than river gravel. On the bank to his left, a well used shovel lies as if tossed aside along with a pick axe. This man is working...
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...to the book, a gold standard is a diagnostic test that is assumed to be able to determine the true disease of the patient. The gold standard is said to have known validity and reliability, and is used as a benchmark in which other diagnostic tests (screening test) are compared to. In the study, hearing loss is observed in one hundred and seventeen patients with a history of hearing loss, undergoing pure tone audiometry (PTA) for the first time. The patients in the study were divided into two groups, one of which reported increased TV volume and the other reported no increase in volume. The screening test in the article is the diagnostic utility of using television volume as a marker for hearing loss. This screening test is compared to the gold standard for hearing loss which is known as a pure tone audiogram (PTA). Each patient’s PTA was used as a reference standard. The results of the experiment indicated that if the patient reported viewing television with an increased volume, then there was a 68 per cent chance of the patient have a hearing loss of 25 dB or more. Although the study concluded that self-reported television volume can be a useful screening tool in patients presenting with hearing impairment, it is not very specific and should not be used to replace the current gold standard to measure hearing loss. Increased television volume had a sensitivity of 81 per cent and a specificity of 52 per cent as a predictor of hearing loss. A hypothetical ideal gold standard test...
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