...1. Which of these assertions were relevant to Paragon’s construction projects? For each of the assertions that you have listed, describe an audit procedure that Arthur Andersen could have employed to corroborate that assertion. We think the assertions relevant to Paragon’s projects are as follows: 1) Existence and occurrence, 2) Completeness, and 3) Valuation or allocation. The case details mention two examples of Paragon’s aggressive revenue recognition that Arthur Andersen would have caught had the nature of the auditing procedure changed. Arthur Andersen needed to contact Paragon’s clients and request written confirmation of the occurrence of this transactions reported by Paragon. Once Paragon’s client shown that no agreement existed, that would show that Paragon is committing out-right fraud. In order to corroborate the completeness and valuation/allocation assertions, Paragon should’ve have changed the nature of the auditing procedure as well. Paragon should have performed a surprise audit on multiple project locations. Sending a specialist out to the project location would allow Arthur Andersen to see that the valuation change to “earned value” was ineffective and that management were vastly misstating revenues. 2. Question 1 uses the term “Professional Auditing Standards” use AU-C standards to answer the question and for the description of audit procedures. Management assertions are the same regardless of being assessed using PCAOB standards or AU-C standards....
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...Golden Bear Golf, Inc. The assertions that were relevant to Paragon’s construction projects are: existence and occurrence, completeness, valuation or allocation, and presentation and disclosure. Existence and occurrence: should have been used to test the revenue and gross profit on its construction projects. By testing to see if the assertion is appropriate to make sure that all revenue and gross profit exist would have brought the attention to the $4 million of un-invoiced construction costs that materialized at the end of fiscal 1997. This assertion test also would have revealed that the earned value method in practice was allowing Paragon to book much larger amounts of revenue and gross profit on its construction projects than it would have under the cost-to-cost method. Completeness: the SEC said that Sullivan and his subordinates should have rigorously tested Paragon’s large amounts of unbilled revenues at the end of 1997. A significant amount of unbilled revenue that is reported as complete should be tested to determine the reason no billing has been posted for the work that was done. It also should be determined the reason income is being recognized for jobs that have not been identified as works in progress to determine the exact completion date of the project. By testing this assertion it would have been discovered that $4 million of work was fictitious. Valuation or allocation: Paragon overstated its revenue and profits by using the earned value method which...
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...2.2- Golden Bear Golf, Inc. 1. The assertions relevant to Paragon include the occurrence and accuracy of transactions, the valuation and allocation of account balances, and also the occurrence, classification and understandability and also accuracy and valuation of presentation and disclosure. In order to verify the occurrence and accuracy of transactions, Arthur Anderson should have sent out accounts receivable confirmations for the unbilled transactions included in their revenues and also to those with whom they had contracts that were inflated in their accounts to reconcile differences between the books and the contracts. This would have not only shown that many of the revenues they had booked were not only inaccurate, but that many of them had been fabricated completely or recognized without commitment. This could have also shown that Paragon was billing their clients on a cost-to-cost basis that would have shown that the valuation and allocation of account balances were misstated. Visits to job sites would have also helped to identify the progress toward completion which could have shown the auditors that they valuation and allocation was misstated for their construction projects. 2. I believe that the SEC’s use of the phrase “audit failures” refers to Sullivan’s repeated failure to exhibit professional skepticism and perform the necessary audit procedures to verify that the balances and transactions in the revenue accounts were accurate. Sullivan repeatedly relied upon...
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...Known for their hump in between their shoulders the grizzly bear once ruled the very streets we walk on during the early 1800s; given the name “grizzly” due to the hair having golden-silver tips. With the influx of European settlers in North America came competition for space and food with the grizzly bear, these situations lead to a huge decrease in the number of grizzly bears roaming. The use of home decoration, sport, clothing, and same food sources lead to once about 50,000 grizzly bears diminished down to about 1200 during 1850-1920 and currently the Grizzly bear is threatened. The grizzly bear is a massive size creature that can grow to be as tall as 6ft on all fours and when standing can be 8ft tall. That height causes for much weight...
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...Performance Analysis Hoods by Angela Betzeun, Real TV at the Arts centre on 21st of April. Hoods is a play that is based around a video game, it uses elements such as pause, rewind, fast-forward and play. The play Hoods is about three young kids Kyle, Jessie and baby brother Troy and there wild imaginations. The Three kids wait in the car for their mum and interreges the audience with their past, present and future stories. Identify any themes and issues 1. I believe the message of the story to how to how important it is for families through really hard times. 2. I think the most common concern for the characters was if they were to survive or if one was to or not. 3. The problem of the play was having three young children in a car over night with no adult supper vision. Evaluate one performer 1. Kyle, Jessie, Troy, the mum, the teacher, the counsellor, the man in the shop, the strangers that walk past the car, and the 2 hooded characters. 2. I think the moves were appropriate and suited his character well, as he liked video games and liked being in charged. 3. He used a kids voice when he played the character “Kyle”, when he was the man in the shop he portrayed more of a deeper voice to suit that character and when he was the hooded character it was quite deep too. 4. Yes his voice was very appropriate for all of the characters. 5. They all could be heard and I could understand them. 6. I believed him in all the characters he played...
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...In the last two centuries, grizzly bears had been hunted and persecuted to extinction and mistaken as black bears. Grizzly bears are often portrayed as dangerous, voracious creatures who hunt and kill people, but they're nothing like that at all. In fact, they are not aggressive unless you’re the one causing a ruckus or being a threat around their cubs or food sources. Grizzly bears are quite intelligent, beautiful and unique creatures who have great memory, senses of hearing, and smell. But, since they are incorrectly portrayed as a threat, people are most likely to not be in favor of them. The FEDS are ready to delist grizzly bears and hunters are ready to make them trophies. David Suzuki, author of Grizzly Bear Trophy Hunt Is a Sport Like Dogfighting is one of many who oppose to killing grizzly bears. David Suzuki finds it inhumane to kill these animals for your own selfish and pleasurable means. On the contrary, Steven Rinella, author of The Problem with Protecting Grizzly Bears is in favor of killing grizzly bears. Due to the amount of money put into protecting these bears from harm's way, it's a waste of money. By reading both positions, it becomes apparent that it is inhumane to kill a grizzly bear as a trophy you hang...
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...In the book Touching Spirit Bear, the main character is a boy named Cole Mathews. He is very aggressive towards other people and as a result has been to multiple juvenile detention centers and police stations. There was one situation where he robbed a hardware store, trashed it, then bragged openly about doing it because the police hadn't caught him. A boy named Peter turned him in and as a result, Cole beat up Peter to the point where he had to be hospitalized and later had speech issues. Cole went to yet another juvenile detention center where an officer visited him regularly and informed him about a program called Circle Justice where instead of locking the kid up, they help them “heal”. Cole was accepted and they decided to put him on an...
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...someone/myself a tattoo 11. Build bIg muscles 12. Grow a full beard 13. Teach a weights class 14. Learn to dance like a pro 15. Go windsurfing. 16. Ride a jet ski. 17. Go water skiing. 18. Go water skiing barefoot. 19. Be a millionaire 20. Go deer hunting. 21.Go duck hunting. 22.Go alligator hunting. 23.Hunt grouse in Scotland. 24. Go bear hunting. 25. Go to Space 26. Land on the moon. 27. Find a alien life form. 28. Find a new galaxy 29. Time Travel 30. Learn parkour 31. Speak french 32. Speak Spanish 33. Speak dutch 34. Speak Italian 35. Speak Portroguese 36. Speak Chinese 37. Speak Japanese 38. Drive a car into a lake 39. Drive a car into a telephone pole 40. Drive a car into a building 41. Drive a car on water 42. Drive a flying car 43. Drive a car off a cliff 44. Drive a car into a car 45. Drive a car into a house 46. Build a house 47. Build a building 48. Build a car 49. Build a bike 50. Build a business 51. Build a Computer 52. Make the sickest phone ever 53. Build a teleporter 54. Revive a mouse 55. Revive a human 56. Revive a deer 57. Revive a bear 58. Revive a ferrit 59. Revive a dog 60. Revive a cat 61. Take a cross country road trip 62. Window shop at every store in the Mall of America 63. Go on all the rides at Disneyland 64. Complete a triathlon 65. Teach an adult how to read 66. Attend an event at the Olympics 67. Take a transatlantic cruise 68. Spend the night in a Medieval castle ...
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...About one-third of Bigfoot sightings are concentrated in the North America, while Bigfoot advocates, postulate that Bigfoot is a worldwide phenomenon: Bigfoot researchers and critics agree that approximately 80% sightings are misidentification, as the reported size of Bigfoot approximates that of a bear standing on its hind legs, and bears have a high prevalence in regions said to be inhabited by Bigfoot. Bigfoot sightings or footprints are often demonstrably hoaxes as seen through this contemporary example. On July 9, 2008, Rick Dyer and Matthew Whitton posted a video on YouTube claiming that they had discovered the body of a deceased Sasquatch in northern Georgia forest. They received $50,000 from Tom Biscardi; Searching for Bigfoot, Inc. Popular news networks covered the story of the men's claims across the globe. The alleged Bigfoot body arrived in a block of ice in a freezer with the Searching for Bigfoot team. When the contents were thawed, it was discovered that the hair was fake, the head was hollow, and the feet were rubber. Subsequently, the discoverers...
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...Cole is an average kid from Pittsburgh that love to have fun. All throughout his life his motto is “just keep on doing you”. He grew up in a suburban area with a ton of friends. Cole was very outgoing and he really liked talking to people and being around his friends. Most of the time he could care less about school. All he wanted to do was party and have the best time of his life. This all changed when he had the biggest scare of his life. During this journey will venture through Coles life and what happened that almost changed his life. The moment when Cole walked through the door of the high his whole life change. He was an innocent little kid going into 8th grade and like every other kid had no idea what to expect. In middle school he had good grades and didn’t do anything bad or get in trouble ever. He was one of the good students, always participating in class and willingly ready to learn every day. He had a ton of friends that were always hanging out together outside of school. Cole was very athletic and played football and baseball as long with the rest of his friends. In 8th grade every person goes through a change of some sort because of all the different surroundings and how much freedom they have. Cole never really had the freedom to do whatever he was always babied through everything. In the lower grades Cole always had someone to help him do everything and now there is no one to help you besides yourself. Cole initially liked like and thought it was so nice because...
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...threatening to remove grizzly bears from the Endangered Species list. While the grizzly bear population in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem has increased since the bears were added to the listing in 1975, the struggles to survive continue (U.S. Park Service). The Defenders of Wildlife agree that the government needs to keep protecting the grizzly bear because of the threats of human encounters, habitat availability and climate change. First, human encounters are a risk to the survival of grizzly bears. The National Park Service at Yellowstone reports that the management of grizzlies will not change within the park if these animals are removed from the list. Hunting will still not be allowed in the area. However, grizzly bears do not know the boundaries of the park. The states that surround the area could allow hunting of these animals during their regular seasons. As a result, the population of grizzly bears would decline. Next, habitats for grizzly bears are still fragile. The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem is an ideal place for these bears to live and thrive, but outside the area there are many dangers. Humans continue...
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...Based on Julia’s years of buying experience, the tested result would give Julia a clear estimation about how many new stuffed animals she needed to order. Figure 1 in below shows the timeline of how Julia buys the toys for the company: 1992 January 1993 December 1994 50 of Each Tested for sale: Evaluation Test Results then Order Estimated Number of Bear, Pig, Bear, Pig, & Raccoon & Buy Test Toys for 1994 Christmas & Raccoon for Christmas Season Figure 1: Timeline of how Julia buys the toys for the company Decision Problem During last year, three stuffed animals were tested for sale, including a bear, a pig, and a raccoon. The result shown there were 10 out of 50 bears, 4 out of 50 pigs, and 32 out of 50 raccoons sold. Julia was faced with a decision to make about whether she should import the toys from Germany or but the toys domestically, and if the toys were to be imported, how many of bears, pigs, and raccoons she should buy for the Christmas season of 1993. Analysis of the Industry and the Company Looking at the toy business, there was an intensified competition between different companies. The toy departments of department stores are generally less profitable comparing with other departments. Those toy...
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...Bears may be large and intimidating, but do not pose a threat to humanity. This essay will go deep into the myths about bears to uncover the truth behind these myths. What are these myths? Bears for years have been portrayed as deadly, overwhelming beasts which attack on sight, but after years of research, is this true? Primarily, over the years the years the media and public have made many false stories about bloodthirsty bears. One outrageous myth is that if bears taste human food, they don't go back; yet, “bears prefer natural, wild food unless it is difficult to find and human food is too easy to get” (Rogders). This is proof that bears do not go out of their way for humans; they prefer natural food. In summary, bears are not blood thirsty creatures but intelligent animals that do not pose a threat to humans if handled appropriately....
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...sensationalized then ever before in human history. As people become more disconnected with nature and animals, more and more people are becoming depressed through their hectic lives and often yearn to be reconnected to the natural world again. However, the bond between humans and the wild are connected through the lens of a camera. As Chris Palmer has mentioned “During primetime in September 2008, more than 30 million viewers tuned in to Animal Planet, which is now seen in 94 million households in the United States and more than 220 million internationally.”(Palmer. Pg 5). Larger and more expensive productions such as Arctic Tale gives audiences a newer cinematic experience to the wild habitat. The films overall journey follows Nanu the polar bear and ** the seal in their struggle to find food because of the effects from...
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...[pic] TUTORIAL 1 A. Making Inferences Read the texts below and make some inferences. Complete the sentence with one inference. 1. A Harris poll indicated that Americans, on average, believed that there is a 50 percent chance that they will be seriously hurt in a car accident. In reality, the chance of this is about 5 percent. The average woman believes that she has a 40 percent chance of getting breast cancer. However, the chance of this happening is actually only one in ten, or ten percent. Women also believe that they have a 50 percent chance of having a heart attack, but the actual risk is just one in ten. The average man believes that he has about a 40 percent chance of getting prostate cancer, yet in reality the risk is also only one in ten. Although most people estimate their chance of getting HIV/AIDS to be about one in ten, the risk is actually about one in twenty, or 5 percent. Although the author did not specifically state the outcome of the poll but expects the reader to infer that………………………………………………………………………….. 2. During the National address focusing on civil rights, President John F. Kennedy acknowledged that the nation faced a moral crisis. He rejected the notion that the United States could be the land of the free “except for the Negroes.” Reversing his earlier reluctance to request civil right legislation, he announced that he would send Congress a major civil rights bill. The law would guarantee service to all Americans regardless of race in public...
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