...Good corporate governance Corporate governance is the set of processes, customs, policies, laws and institutions affecting the way in which a corporation is directed, administered or controlled. Corporate governance also includes the relationships among the many players involved (the stakeholders) and the goals for which the corporation is governed. The principal players are the shareholders, management and the board of directors. Other stakeholders include employees, suppliers, customers, banks and other lenders, regulators, the environment and the community at large. Corporate governance is a multi-faceted subject. An important theme of corporate governance deals with issues of accountability and fiduciary duty, essentially advocating the implementation of policies and mechanisms to ensure good behavior and protect shareholders. Another key focus is the economic efficiency view, through which the corporate governance system should aim to optimize economic results, with a strong emphasis on shareholders welfare. Board members and those with a responsibility for corporate governance are increasingly using the services of external providers to conduct anti-corruption, auditing, due diligence and training. corporate governance means two things • The processes by which all companies are directed and controlled. • A field in economics, which studies the many issues arising from the separation of ownership and control. ...
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...motivating the increasing interest in corporate governance and the benefits of good corporate governance Corporate governance is defined by the OECD principles as the relationship between management of a company, its shareholders, its board and other stakeholders. It is a system which is used for the purpose of controlling and directing the companies. Corporate governance is not a new concept but it has got popularity in the last few decades due to various crises such as: East Asian crisis of the late 1990s and various other fraudulent activities in the corporate world. Amongst the major reasons for the increasing interest in corporate governance are the following needs; Need for Stability of Stock Prices Stability of stock prices is one of the important factors for the investors to predict the future performance of a company or organization. Corporate governance has great impact on the efficiency of stock markets. For example, in the Asian crisis in 1997, poor corporate governance influenced the stock markets efficiency to the large extent Sabri (2007). This stability is only possible with the help of good corporate governance. Investors are always attracted towards well governed companies because such companies adopt transparent governance policies and have better financial accountability and higher profit margins. There is a worldwide effort to improve the corporate governance and insure greater shareholder accountability and corporate transparency, Solomon (2005). Therefore...
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...“Good corporate Governance as a vital constituent of Corporate Social Responsibility” with reference to Indian MNCs Type: Literature review Name of Research Scholar: Santosh Basavaraj, Research Scholar, Anna University of Technology, Coimbatore. Research Supervisor: Dr.B.Rajasekaran, Principal, RKKR School of Management Studies Ettimanickampatty, Coimbatore Road, SALEM – 637 504 Contact Number & Email ID:997209785,santosh_bs2001@yahoo.com Purpose: This research paper aims at gaining an insight into the concepts of Corporate Governance and CSR which enables this researcher to generate new ideas on concepts under study. The central purpose of this research paper is to determine how companies Corporate Social Responsibility practices blended in Corporate Governance and to study integration of CSR with CG which enable future researchers to study how companies are able to sustain its Competitive edge with good CSR activities by considering some good practices followed in industry and their critical evaluations in recent events. This research sets the foundation for future study and refers literature to develop a new hypothesis in the concept of CSR. An additional objective of this research paper is to review the Literature on Corporate governance and studying the Juxtaposition of CG and ethical issues for better corporate social responsibility. Design/methodology/approach This is an exploratory research design and it is used to seek insight in general nature...
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... STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT CODE: BS 450 TASK: ASSIGNMENT ONE LECTURER: MR MULAMBYA DUE DATE: 30/06/13. Question: Discuss how observance of good corporate governance and avoidance of corrupt practices in an institution can contribute to an effective organization. INTRODUCTION Corporate governance is a topic that has received growing attention in the public in recent years as policy makers and others become more aware of the contribution good corporate governance makes to financial market stability and economic growth. Corporate governance is all about controlling your business and so is relevant, and indeed vital, for all organisations, whatever size or structure. Corporate governance refers to the set of systems, principles and processes by which a company is governed Monks et al (2011). They provide the guidelines as to how the company can be directed or controlled such that it can fulfill its goals and objectives in a manner that adds to the value of the company and is also beneficial for all stakeholders in the long term. Stakeholders in this case would include everyone ranging from the board of directors, management, shareholders to...
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...TUGAS PROPOSAL GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Nama : Heru Saleh / 1460030010 Maria Evy / 1460030011 Anastasia S / 1460030012 Tahun : April 2016 Mata Kuliah : Good Corporate Governance MAGISTER AKUNTANSI SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU EKONOMI YAYASAN ADMINISTRASI INDONESIA PENGARUH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PADA HUBUNGAN PERGANTIAN CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER DENGAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1. Latar Belakang Informasi akuntansi yang berhubungan dengan kinerja perusahaan merupakan kebutuhan yang paling mendasar pada proses pengambilan keputusan bagi investor di pasar modal. Salah satu sumber informasi tersebut adalah laporan keuangan. Laporan keuangan merupakan salah satu sarana untuk menunjukkan kinerja manajemen yang diperlukan investor dalam menilai maupun memprediksi kapasitas perusahaan menghasilkan arus kas dari sumber daya yang ada (Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia, 2004). Laporan keuangan juga merupakan suatu bentuk pertanggungjawaban manajemen atas pengelolaan sumber-sumber daya ekonomi yang telah dipercayakan kepadanya (Lako, 2007). Penunjukkan manajer oleh pemegang saham untuk mengelola perusahaan dalam kenyataannya seringkali menghadapi masalah dikarenakan tujuan perusahaan berbenturan dengan tujuan pribadi manajer. Dengan kewenangan yang dimiliki, manajer bisa bertindak dengan hanya menguntungkan dirinya sendiri dan mengorbankan kepentingan para pemegang saham. Hal ini mungkin terjadi karena adanya perbedaan informasi yang dimiliki oleh keduanya...
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...INTRODUCTION ........1 2.0 WHAT IS CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 2 3.0 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE THEORIES…………………….……………..........3 3.1 Fundamental corporate governance theories……………………..……………….3 3.1.1. Agency Theory………………………………………………………………3 3.1.2. Stewardship Theory…………………………………………………………4 3.1.3. Stakeholder Theory………………………………………………………….4 3.1.4. Transaction Cost Theory…………………………………………………….4 3.1.5. Political Theory……………………………………………………….……..5 4.0 NEED FOR CORPORATE GOVERNANCE………….……………………………..5 5.0 PILLARS OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE…….......……………………7 5.1 Leadership…………………………………………………………………...…….7 5.2 Appointments to the board…………………………………….…………………..7 5.3 Strategy & values………………………………………………………………….7 5.4 Structure & Organisation………….....……………………………………………8 5.5 Corporate performance……………………………………………………..……..8 5.6 Corporate compliance……………………………………………………………..8 5.7 Corporate communication………...……………………………………………….8 6.0 OVERVIEW OF DEVELOMENTS IN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE………..….8 6.1 Global Initiatives……………………..……………………………………………8 6.2 Corporate Governance in Kenya……………………………………..……………9 7.0 IRRESISTABLE CASE FOR CORPORATE GOVERNANCE………………........11 8.0 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………11 REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………..…12 1.0 INTRODUCTION In today’s environment corporate Governance is not a luxury but a dire necessity...
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...Corporate Governance of Commercial Banks in Bangladesh Introduction: The need for corporate governance arises from the potential conflicts of interest among stakeholders in the corporate structure. These conflicts of interest often arise from two main reasons. First, different stakeholders have different goals and preferences. Second, the stakeholders have imperfect information as to each others actions, knowledge, and preferences. Corporate governance (CG) is an important effort to ensure accountability and responsibility and is a set of principles, which should be incorporated into every part of the organization. Though it is viewed as a recent issue, there is, in fact, nothing new about the concept. Because it has been in existence as long as the corporation itself-as long as there has been large – scale trade, reflecting the need for responsibility in the handling money and the conduct of commercial activities. Numerous works, studies, and researches have been conducted to enact principles, codes, and guidelines for ensuring good corporate governance systems and culture within the organizations. Sir Adrian Cadbury in 'Global Corporate Governance Forum’ defined corporate governance as: "Corporate Governance is concerned with holding the balance between economic and social goals and between individual and communal goals. The corporate governance framework is there to encourage the efficient use of resources and equally to require accountability for the stewardship...
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...Code of Corporate Governance – A Critical Comparison between Bangladesh and Malaysia James Bakul Sarkar Assistant Professor in Accounting and MBA Coordinator Faculty of Business ASA University Bangladesh E-mail: jamssarkar@yahoo.com Mob: 0171-6599599 Dewan Muhammad Nur A Yazdani Lecturer in Marketing Faculty of Business ASA University Bangladesh E-mail: dewanm@hotmail.com Mob: 0172-7681817 Md. Abdul Mannan Assistant Professor Department of Business Administration Stamford University Bangladesh Mob:0171-6418892 Code of corporate governance – A critical comparison between Bangladesh and Malaysia Abstract: Corporate governance is the way in which the corporate entities are governed. The question is: Who will determine the way- the entity itself or the regulator. Different stakeholders with quite diversified interests have stakes (interests) in the operation of business. Consequently, the business entity should not be allowed to operate in every respect in the way it likes; the regulators should come forward to impose certain restrictions and principles on the corporate affairs to upkeep the best interests of stakeholders like investors, creditors and after all the capital market. Such restrictions and principles can be termed as Code...
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...CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN NEPALESE FINANCIAL SECTOR: DOES POLICY MATTER? Submitted To Research Committee Research and Consulting Service Department Nepal Administrative Staff College Submitted By Basanta Raj Sigdel Santosh Koirala June, 2015 Copyright: Nepal Administrative Staff College Recommended Citation Sigdel, B.R. & Koirala, S. (2015). Corporate governance in Nepalese financial sector: Does policy matter? Lalitpur, Nepal: Nepal Administrative Staff College. Declaimer: This study is funded by Nepal Administrative Staff College. The opinion expressed in this research report do not represent official position of Nepal Administrative Staff College and are those of the researchers. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This research paper has been materialized in this form with the help of many individuals and institutions. First, the team extends profound gratitude to the respected respondents of banks and finance companies for their valuable and generous support without which the project would not have been successful. Similarly, we are thankful to the Research Committee of NASC and Research and Consulting Services Department for their continuous guidance, facilitation and support in this endeavor. ABSTRACT The study examines insiders' perspectives on the determinants of corporate governance in the Nepalese financial sector. For this, we use a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire developed by CLSA, modified and contextualized to Nepalese setting. The study...
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...Table of content 1. Question 1 1. Introduce to Corporate Governance 2. Governance makes a Difference 3. Failures of Corporate Governance 4. Failures in Major companies 5. Reform of Corporate Governance 6. Conclusions 2. Question 2 1. Introduce to Cadbury Report 2. Conclusions 3.0 References Question 1 Based on the above it has been stated that “the problem is not a failure to comply with rules but a failure in governance practice”. Do you agree and why? (10 Marks) Introduce to Corporate Governance Corporate governance looks at issues pertaining to transparency, integrity, effectiveness and accountability in the management of the affairs, and all other activities of an organization. Management is concerned with the company’s operations, functions and financial performance; hence, corporate governance aims to involve the quality assurance of the operation of the board itself. The concern is for the welfare, good performance, corporate ethics and morality, as well as social and public responsibility for the good corporate citizenship. Corporate governance also involves in system to ensure that the organization’s obligations to its major stakeholders. The relationship among the many stakeholders and the way of corporation is directed and governed is therefore created. Stakeholders might include customers, employees, creditors, suppliers and distributors, the...
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...Introduction Good corporate governance (GCG) in a corporate set up leads to maximize the value of the shareholders legally, ethically and on a sustainable basis, while ensuring equity and transparency to every stakeholder - the company's customers, employees, investors, vendors-partners, the government of the land and the community (Murthy, 2006). GCG is a must for ensuring the required values to different stakeholder groups. It enhances the performance of corporations, by creating an environment that motivates managers to maximize returns on investment, enhance operational efficiency and ensure long-term productivity growth. Consequently, such corporations attract the best talent on a global basis. It also ensures the conformance of corporations with the interests of investors and society, by creating fairness, transparency and accountability in business activities among employees, management and the board (Oman, 2001). Again, GCG increase public confidence in a corporation, and lowers the cost of capital for investment. According to a McKinsey study (2002), over 60% of investors cite Good Governance practices in a corporation as a key factor in their investment decisions. Today, GG becomes a slogan and a pride. Here, we can uses accounting as a mean for establishing and retaining corporate governance. Accounting is a process of compiling information for reporting the internal affairs of any entity to different stakeholders at the end of a certain interval. It is defined as...
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...Problems can Effect the Investors Reaction Abstract Adverse Selection and agency problems are the major areas of Concern for both, the investors, and the corporate governance. Company’s good corporate structure can have a positive impact On investors. Our study, with the support of previous studies, tries to prove that the investors are also concerned about the adverse Section and agency problems. This study lacks evidences from the previous researchers regarding the relationship between investor’s reaction and adverse selection and agency problems. Even then it is a good attempt to study the behavior of investors towards investing in the company where the problems of adverse selection and agency problems are present. Key Words: Investors Reaction, Adverse Selection, Agency Problems, Corporate Governance Introduction: This paper describes the reactions of the investors to the corporate governance issues with an emphasis on the situation of agency problems and adverse selection. This paper adds to the existing literature of how investor reacts to different corporate governance issues. The idea is that how adverse selection and agency problems can directly or indirectly affect the investors thinking. Corporate governance has an influence on the investor’s reaction .Many corporate governance issues like board size, outside directors, CEO tenure and other such issues have the impact on investor’s reaction. Investors can react differently to the situations...
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...Regulatory Framework and Legal Aspects of Corporate Governance The objective of these two sessions is to give students the opportunity to explore the concept of corporate governance. In particular, we will look at the development of the concept of corporate governance in Singapore with a focus on the regulatory framework for corporate governance in Singapore and the Singapore Code of Corporate Governance 2005 and 2012. We will also examine the various legal and regulatory mechanisms which exist to facilitate good corporate governance practice as well as other perspectives of corporate governance. We also hope to introduce to students some of the more pertinent issues and trends in this field. As part of our ‘E-learning week’, there will be online lectures for students to view. Students will also be expected to do some independent study and research into the topic, which will form the base for the mid-term written assignment. At the end of the e-learning sessions, students should have a working understanding of: • What is meant by ‘corporate governance’; • Key milestones in the development of corporate governance in Singapore; • The regulatory framework for corporate governance in Singapore; • The interaction between Company Law and corporate governance; • Key regulatory mechanisms for Corporate Governance in Singapore; and • The provisions and operation of the Singapore Code of Corporate Governance 2012 Readings Many articles have...
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...[pic][pic] Corporate Governance and Performance An Exploration of the Connection in a Public Sector Context By Meredith Edwards & Robyn Clough Issues Series Paper No. 1 January 2005 Preface This paper is part of a major project - Corporate Governance in the Public Sector: An evaluation of its Tensions, Gaps and Potential. The project will provide the first comprehensive theoretical and empirical work on corporate governance in the Commonwealth public sector. It has been designed to enhance communication and participation in governance across government, industry, and the community by improving corporate governance literacy and making information publicly available. The project is a collaborative venture between three University of Canberra research centres and key governmental and industry partners including the Australian National Audit Office, the Australian Government Department of Finance and Administration, Deloitte, Touche, Tohmatsu, CPA Australia and MinterEllison Lawyers. This paper is the first in a series that will be produced by researchers and industry partners involved in the project. The aim of the series is to identify and explore key emerging public sector governance issues and encourage wider discussion and activity. The series has been designed for public sector practitioners and corporate governance ‘enthusiasts’ across the public and private sectors. All papers will be broadly distributed and will be available online - www...
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...New Zealand Principles of Corporate Governance and Responsibility. A Global Perspective. Prepared by: Mark Gray Large businesses around the world are controlled in a variegated fashion. Whilst the Anglo American system of corporate control is heavily based on a strict structure of a Board of Directors, in itself controlled by a chairman and constituting a various number of executive and non-executive directors. Whilst the primary function of the Board has fundamentally been seen as one of accountability, monitoring and goal setting, there is large chasm of difference in Board performance, and this highlighted graphically by the numerous large scale Corporate collapses in the United States. Indeed the U.S economy has been severely affected by ‘avoidable’ corporate bankruptcies. As the United States comprises a large proportion of the largest corporations in the world, it is not surprising that it has suffered a large number of corporate failures of corporate governance (Blackmore, 2006). The speedy corporate meltdown of very large U.S corporations, the like of Lehman Brothers and Enron threw the entire U.S business community into turmoil, prompting the U.S and other governments to speedily regulate as a deterrent to all business owners. This approach is ‘rules based’ and relies heavily on legislation for business compliance and good corporate governance. Although there have been corporate failures in New Zealand, most recently...
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