...Abstract Many ancient cultures existed throughout time but none as popular as ancient Greece and ancient Rome. Although Rome eventually became powerful and ruled over Greece, much of Roman art, architecture, and religion were adopted from the cultures they conquered and were adapted to meet the needs of the Roman Empire. Much of the Roman society mocked that of ancient Greece. | ANCIENT GREEK CULTURE | ANCIENT ROMAN CULTURE | GEOGRAPHY AND GOVERNMENT | Athens was the center of the Greek world in the fifth and fourth centuries BCE. Athens was the capital of Greece and its name was taken from the Greek goddess Athena. Athens was symbolic of art, freedom, and democracy (the prevailing government of ancient Greece introduced around 500 BCE by an aristocrat). Athens was just one of over 800 city states that made up ancient Greece. Several city states (comparable to a modern county) were isolated from each other and the mainland as they were located on islands that made up the fractured geography of ancient Greece. These islands were located in the Aegean Sea and reached around the Mediterranean to peninsula of Italy and to the shores of Asia Minor. Each city state considered itself a cultural center. City states of ancient Greece were very independent however they remained loyal to Greece and considered themselves Greeks.***See Figure 1 | Rome was the result of a combination of two cultures, the Greeks (to the north) and the Etruscans (to the south). Rome was built on...
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...Rome Changes over time: * Transportation * Population * Culture * Government * Trade Fatma Abbas AlKhaja 201409784 Reem Mohammed AlMehairi 201409017 Salha Abdulla AlMeasam AlFalasi 201409016 Maitha Mohammed Matar 201404552 COL 155-508 Dr. Leena Taneja The lifestyle of the ancient Romans was one in which personal comfort, pleasure and style were very important. The Romans developed traditions and a comfortable lifestyle to fit with their concept of family and community. The ancient Romans had an appreciation for hard work, practical thinking and discipline. Although they were sensible people, they had a desire for comfort and pleasure. The Roman Empire included different people from all different cultures. They formed a society that worked together with very defined motivations. * Transportation: Starting in the eighth century BCE, the ancient Roman road networks that spanned more than 400,000 km of roads, including over 80,500 km of paved roads, were important in maintaining the stability of the empire and its expansion. Despite how crowded and narrow they were, they enabled the Romans to move armies, trade goods and communicate. Moreover, they were intended to carry material from one location to another. Although they had roads, travel within the cities was often done on foot. For other purposes, Roman vehicles can be divided into: coach and cart. Coaches were used to transport parties, whereas carts were used to transport cargo. Growing...
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...The Roman Empire was unparalleled in the ancient world, with a resilient military, innovational expansion, and a prevalent infrastructure. Rome effortlessly developed into the undisputed superpower of the Mediterranean. In comparison to other ancient empires, Ancient Rome was highlighted as one of the most powerful empires since it was prominently recognized to possess great strength in each aspect especially in government. Ancient Rome possessed a well-organized government that utilized monarchy, democracy, and aristocracy to establish a well-balanced system to unite its people. During the rule of Augustus, high-level jobs in politics were open to every individual regardless of their class and he initiated the allegiance of cities and provinces...
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...Greek Cultures Government Geographical Terrain Economics and Trade Practices Art and Architecture Philosophical and Religious Beliefs City-states • Largest: Athens (Sayre, 2013) • Ruled by Democracy (Sayre, 2013) Three Social Classes: • Upper class (Sayre, 2013) • Middle class (Sayre, 2013) • Lower class (Sayre, 2013) Greek Islands were in the Southeastern corner of Europe, and were divided into two peninsulas (Ancient Greece Geography, 2012). Mountainous terrain and rugged coastlines, which offered good protection, but made it difficult for communication and trading (Ancient Greece Geography, 2012). Greeks attempted sophisticated economic analysis. They made and traded in both local and long distances, and had money to do so (Sayre, 2013). Because of the mountainous terrain, city-states used trade by sea (Sayre, 2013). The economy was focused on importing goods due to poor soil quality (Sayre, 2013). In 6th Century B.C, commerce and craftsmanship were developed (Sayre, 2013). Because the lives of the Greeks were dominated by their religion, their temples were by far the largest and prettiest (Sayre, 2013). The Greeks made three individual architectural systems, which were called orders, and each one had its own unique size and detailing (Sayre, 2013). Three orders: • Doric • Ionic • Corinthian This Parthenon belongs to the Greek goddess of wisdom, Athena Parthenos, and belongs to the Doric order (Sayre, 2013). This...
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...Category | Greeks | Romans | Government | In ancient times, Greece was an independent, self governing city-state. Greece also invented democracy. The Greek government was divided into monarchies, oligarchies, tyrannies and democracies and in the Mycenean period (between 2000 and 1200 BC) all Greek city-states were ruled by kings (Carr, 2011) | In the earlier days Rome was governed by kings, but ancient Rome was schooled to form their own government and rule themselves ((Hons), 2011) | Geography Terrain | The Greeks had a mountainous terrain and rugged coastline; offering great protection from foreign invasions but hindering them from communication and trade (Buzzle.com, 2000-2010, 2011). The geography of ancient Greece was divided into 3 regions; the coast, the lowlands, and the mountains allowing for less than 20 percent of the land to be farmed (Rymer, 2010) | Rome was inland and also had hills and mountains running through it but they were not nearly as rugged to navigate through as the hills and mountains of Greece. Also the rivers that ran through the peninsula were shallow and easy to cross (Ashe, unknown). | Economy | Because of the mountainous and hilly land Greece placed much emphasis on importing goods (Walter Scheidel, 2007). | Ancient Roman currency and economy was an agrarian and slave based economy. Agriculture and the barter system controlled Roman economies (United Nations of Roma Victrix, 2011) | Trade Practices | Surrounded by water the seas always...
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...concurred part of Asia and Egypt. Plebeian-a member of the common people of ancient Rome. Who were allowed to vote. Peninsula- A body of land that is connected to a large mass and is surrounded on three sides by water. Alexander- a Heilieristic City in Egypt on The Mediterranean Sea founded by Alexander the Great in 332 B.C. Lay out – The Plan or arrangement of something. Tutor- to give individual instruction to. Style- a way of dressing or behaving. Gradual- happening little by little. Abandon- To leave behind, to desert. Hostage- a person taken by force to make sure the takers demand is met. Hellcristics- relating to the blend of Greek Persian Egyptian and Indian cultures Aristocracy- an upper-class Senate – a governing body of ancient Rome made up of 300 members who advised Roman Leaders. Tyrant- a ruler who has a talon power illegally and rules with restrictions. Descendant- a person related to a particular parent, grandparent or other Ancestor. Province- a political division similar to a state of the United States. Impose- To force a dictate Resentment_ Anger Branch- a part of something Larger. Republic- A form of government in which people elect leaders. Aeneas- A hero of the Trojan War Patrician- one of the wealthy landowners, who held the highest position in the Government in ancient Rome Entitle- to have rights and privileges Common- shared by two or more...
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...Ancient Greek and Roman cultures were very powerful in their time. They were both formidable and powerful empires. They brought many ideas such as democracy to the world. Their influence can be felt even today. The United States are not exempt from this influence. Rome and Greece have influence America today in many ways such as government, architecture, medicine, and entertainment. American government is the easiest to see effect of Greece and Rome. Democracy was a critical part of Greece and Rome. Pericles strived for every citizen to participate in democracy, saying, “We do not say that a man who takes no interest in politics is a man who minds his own business; we say that he has no business here at all.” In their time and today,...
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...affects the way people live. The mountains in Ancient Greece served as a geographic feature that hindered cultural diffusion for Athens and Sparta. In Rome, the Italian peninsula promoted cultural diffusion. A mountain is a large landform that has a high elevation and is a geographic factor. Ancient Greece had many mountains which hindered cultural diffusion of different city-states. The ancient city-state Athens is well-known for its development in democracy and creating...
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...the time around Ancient Rome to now in The United States? Ancient Rome’s city population was about 1 million people. They were also overcrowded, noisy and even walking was dangerous. Cities today in The U.S. aren’t as unsafe as then because we have people to keep us safe, such as police officers, firefighters, etc. The United States cities overall are still overcrowded and noisy most of the time. There’s a diverse amount of people now in The U.S., our population didn’t used to be 319,062,017+ (a birth every 8 seconds and a death every 13 seconds). But ever since people started migrating from different countries, our community has expanded. Asian, Caucasian, African American, Hispanic/ Mexican and Multiracial...
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...Rome referred to itself as a democracy, but was it? There were a set of unwritten rules to back up how Roman officials were fair to its citizens. These rules were constantly updated throughout time. Citizens had many legal rights such as the right to a trial, to hold office and to enter contracts. During the time it was a republic, Rome was fair to all of its citizens through its system of electing officials, acting upon citizens opinion and relying on a dictator only during periods of emergency. Rome voted to elect officials in this period of time instead of using the monarchy system they had been using. Two consoles were elected by the citizens for a term of a year instead of a life-long term of a king. The console was the highest elected office of the political republic. The two consoles were elected by voting of all Roman men instead of by relatives passing the title to them. The consoles were given both civil and military responsibilities. One console could veto the other console’s decisions. Through the elected consoles, Rome made the transition from monarchy to a republic and was very democratic. Citizen opinion was highly valued in Rome’s government due to voting and elections....
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...The vast similarities of the political system between the Greek and Roman Society are numerous, including the American political system today. The Greek and Romans had both postively and negatively features in their society, from being ruled by one king - Monarchy, rule of the few - Oligarchy, ruling of the nobles - Aristocracy, and the state controlling entirely your life - Totalitarianism. The democracy government is a significant similarity created and used back in Ancient Greece and Rome, which is still being practiced in American society today. Moreover, I will be discussing in detail, their similar political systems. During the time period of Mycenaean Greece, the government was being ruled by a king, as well as Ancient Rome,...
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...Unit 1 Individual Project 1 Running Head: Humanities Introduction to Humanities By: Margaret McKay HUMA215-1103A-10 Unit 1 Individual Project 2 Variables | Ancient Greece | Ancient Rome | Geography | Mediterranean country. Was divided into areas called cities. The land was very mountainous which made it difficult to travel. Ancient ruins provide a vivid testimony to the glory of Athens, hailed by many as the cradle of Western Civilization(Ancient Greece, 2008). | Mediterranean country. Rome was inland and didn’t have natural hilly borders to keep out intruders. Many Romans can see a river from their houses since Rome is located near the Tiber River (Fisher & Harlan, 1998). | Social Structure | Men and women had different roles and responsibilities. Men wore special clothes and were in charge of the family and home. A woman’s role was to have children, run the house, and manage the slaves (Fisher & Harlan, 1998). | Rome copied a lot of the same social structure from Greece. Men were masters of their homes, women wore make-up and jewelry and fixed their hair, they were also expected to maintain the house and take care of the children (Fisher & Harlan, 1998). | Philosophy | Greek philosophy consisted of a group of philosophers that used their scientific interest to investigate nature. They broke away from mythology and started an approach based on reason and evidence (IEP, 2001). | Roman philosophy was greatly influenced by people called Etruscans...
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...distinctions between the Greeks and the Romans, we will look at the government, geographical, economy and trade practices between the Greeks and the Romans civilization. Descriptions | Greek | Roman | Government | Originally it was kings that ruled Greece; the majority of Greek states were governed by groups of rich land owners called oligarchy, and then democracy which allowed voting by the citizens. This democracy was representative form of government. People voted for a small group of citizens to make the rule and laws for everyone. | Kings originally governed Rome. Then Rome became a republic whose key political players were often of noble blood were part of the Senate and the Assembly. | Geography | Greece and Rome were both Mediterranean countries. Greece was divided into many small areas called city-states. Since the land was mountainous, cities and states were separated from each other, and it was very difficult to travel from one to another. | Rome and Greece were both Mediterranean countries. Rome was inland and did not have the natural hilly borders to keep intruders out. | Economy | The main economy of Greece was based on agriculture. The Greeks mainly lived on self-sufficient wheat producing farms. | The economy of Rome was based on agriculture. The Romans imported their wheat and annexed provinces that could provide them with this crop. The Romans also traded a lot. The economy of Rome was dependent on slave labor from the expansion of the empire. They...
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...war and seeked a better government. They than thought it was in their best interest to write about their new government down, so they wrote the Articles of Confederation. After they tested out their new style of government, they realized it was inefficient and not working well. They than needed a new government style, so they decided to hold the Constitutional Convention to provide written rules about a new government that would fix their...
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...The Roman Republic was an ancient republic that was supposedly a republic, while the facts say that they are closer to being a monarchy. During the Roman Republic time period (509 BC- 27 BC), they had many faults in their democracy. The ancient Romans said they were democratic, but they weren’t because they had unequal voting rights, the regular people did not have a big role in the government, and the upper class governed most of the society. The Roman Republic said they had equal voting rights, but not many people were able to vote. In fact, only about 2% of Romans voted. This is because when the Roman Republic expanded, the people living in the farmland regions couldn’t travel back to Rome to vote. Since they had to go to Rome to vote,...
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