...Greeks and Romans affected and influenced each other greatly in the Hellenistic Period and Ancient Roman Civilization. The greatest effect of Hellenism; specifically between Rome and Greece; was communication. The spoken word, and the language of printing, sculpture, mosaics and architecture all of which they, and the various regions shared. As the provinces consumed the culture at a constant rate, they also managed to keep their own unique local characteristics and joined them while exploring the arts themselves. Architecture was one of the many characteristics of Greek life that the Romans borrowed various aspects of. The simple but elegantly executed Hellenic style had captivated the Romans as much as other perspectives of Greece. Architecture became a common denominator in the religious lives of Rome and Greece. During the last century of the Republic the attachment of the old indigenous form of worship was replaced by the influence of Modern Greek civilization. This combination of Greek mythology and Greek skepticism soon tended to abolish the deep religious feeling characteristic of the old Romans. The religious indifference of the upper classes grew into a decided animosity to religion itself, and many of the older temples fell into chaos. When finally repaired, the old Roman temples took on a unanimous Greek flavor. The Temple of Portunus for example was created by Romans and combined the Etruscan plans and Greek elevations. Another characteristic between Greece and...
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...In Western culture the Greeks and Romans are citizens of the two most celebrated ancient cultures. “Classical art” was referred to the art of ancient Greek and Roman sculpture which the three primary areas of classical art are painting, architecture, and sculpture. The differences between Greek and Rome art are both interesting and significant for identification. Historically, the Greeks were the primary influences of the Romans in terms of artwork. The most obvious difference between Greek and Roman architecture is the material used. The Greeks used marble and the Romans used concrete. Greek sculptures are associated with white marble, Greek sculpture in the early classical period was often made in bronze during the high classical period. They were made from white marble and were often painted. Roman sculptors also used primarily white marble, though they did not paint their sculptures as Greeks did. Throughout the classical period Greek sculpture consisted primarily of depictions of Gods, mythological scenes and figures. These figures are often sculpted as "heroic nudes," in which the male figure is idealized. Although Roman sculpture, which features many copies of Greek sculptures, is also apprehensive with mythology. Romans often storied emperors and naturalistic examples of noble individuals. The Greeks not only had free-standing sculptures, but also sculpture worked into architecture. The panels primarily ran in horizontal strips above architectural...
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...Category | Greeks | Romans | Government | In ancient times, Greece was an independent, self governing city-state. Greece also invented democracy. The Greek government was divided into monarchies, oligarchies, tyrannies and democracies and in the Mycenean period (between 2000 and 1200 BC) all Greek city-states were ruled by kings (Carr, 2011) | In the earlier days Rome was governed by kings, but ancient Rome was schooled to form their own government and rule themselves ((Hons), 2011) | Geography Terrain | The Greeks had a mountainous terrain and rugged coastline; offering great protection from foreign invasions but hindering them from communication and trade (Buzzle.com, 2000-2010, 2011). The geography of ancient Greece was divided into 3 regions; the coast, the lowlands, and the mountains allowing for less than 20 percent of the land to be farmed (Rymer, 2010) | Rome was inland and also had hills and mountains running through it but they were not nearly as rugged to navigate through as the hills and mountains of Greece. Also the rivers that ran through the peninsula were shallow and easy to cross (Ashe, unknown). | Economy | Because of the mountainous and hilly land Greece placed much emphasis on importing goods (Walter Scheidel, 2007). | Ancient Roman currency and economy was an agrarian and slave based economy. Agriculture and the barter system controlled Roman economies (United Nations of Roma Victrix, 2011) | Trade Practices | Surrounded by water the seas always...
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...Abstract In this chart we will list different distinctions between the Greeks and the Romans, we will look at the government, geographical, economy and trade practices between the Greeks and the Romans civilization. Descriptions | Greek | Roman | Government | Originally it was kings that ruled Greece; the majority of Greek states were governed by groups of rich land owners called oligarchy, and then democracy which allowed voting by the citizens. This democracy was representative form of government. People voted for a small group of citizens to make the rule and laws for everyone. | Kings originally governed Rome. Then Rome became a republic whose key political players were often of noble blood were part of the Senate and the Assembly. | Geography | Greece and Rome were both Mediterranean countries. Greece was divided into many small areas called city-states. Since the land was mountainous, cities and states were separated from each other, and it was very difficult to travel from one to another. | Rome and Greece were both Mediterranean countries. Rome was inland and did not have the natural hilly borders to keep intruders out. | Economy | The main economy of Greece was based on agriculture. The Greeks mainly lived on self-sufficient wheat producing farms. | The economy of Rome was based on agriculture. The Romans imported their wheat and annexed provinces that could provide them with this crop. The Romans also traded a lot. The economy of Rome was dependent on slave labor...
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...There are many differences between the two cultures Roman and Greek. One difference is that Greek culture was exceedingly older than Roman culture. Rome conquered and grew, and it as well consisted of city states very similar to Greek, but they united and one day decided they want to conquer the world. Of course, Greek fell to the Romans. When the Romans demolished them, they decided that they really liked Greek culture, and they adopted many Greek characteristics into their own culture. -The concept of citizenship and the duties of the citizen. The concept of citizenship of the Roman was a similar to the Greek model but differed in substantive ways. The Roman conception of citizenships was relatively more complex and nuanced than the earlier Greek conception, and it usually did not involve political participation. There was a “multiplication of roles” for citizens to play, and this sometimes led to “contradictory obligations”. In Greek ideas of the citizenship in the city-state, such as the principles of equality under the law, civic participation in government, and notions that “no one citizen should have too much power for too long”, were carried forth into the Roman world. Greek sense of citizenship was an “emancipation from the world of things” in which citizens essentially acted upon other citizens; material things were left back in the private domestic world of the oikos, the Roman sense increasingly reflected the fact that citizens could act upon material things...
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...originated in Greece. Greek citizenship was granted by the birth from a Greek mother and father, together with an assembly member. Without citizenship, they couldn’t own land, but they were required to pay taxes and serve in the military. Greek philosopher Aristotle defined citizenship as “he who has the power to take part in the deliberative or judicial administration of any state. ” Citizenship was restrictive as well as exclusive. In a Greek polis, you either enjoyed full citizenship or none at all. By contrast, Romans developed a sense of belonging to the Roman State by allowing citizenship to be granted to any group of people. The Roman Republic shared rulership between the Patricians and the Plebeians. To the Greek city-states and the Roman Republic, citizenship was a form of local democracy, administered by the Senate and elected magistrates. But unlike Greek city-states, Roman citizenship wasn’t restricted by place of birth or land ownership, it could also be obtained by service to Rome. The Greek city-state government was made up of commoners, they created their own legislation and judiciary, and they had freedom of speech. By limiting citizenship, a Greek citizen became a privileged class that controlled land ownership. After Rome conquered a territory, it shared the wealth that it accumulated with the conquered. Rome’s willingness to extend its citizenship increased its manpower and wealth, and laid the foundation of the Roman Empire. "Rome conquered...
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...The Ancient Greek and Roman Empires began their histories as city-states. The early empires cultures were very much similar, yet unique. Both had an influence on the Western world. Rome conquered many areas around the Mediterranean Sea. It grew into a huge empire because of how it dealt with the cities they conquered. Unlike most, when a city is defeated they are extracted from the land but Rome offered the defeated people citizenship. Often when the people became citizens, they actually joined the Roman army. Greece was conquered in 146 B.C. They became united with Rome by force. Their culture and philosophy were more advanced and taught the Greeks many things. The Romans soon discovered that the Greeks had much to offer such as knowledge, art, architecture and traditions. The Romans built upon and adopted some of these traditions. In many ways, these two empires were similar. Each of these relied on an agricultural economy. Greece relied on the cultivation of olives and grapes and traded these with foreigners for abundant supplies of grain and supplies needed to survive. The Romans cultivated wheat and grain and other food. They also indulged in trade mostly with neighbors while the Greeks traveled abroad. In both Roman and Greek cultures, the women were responsible for the home and family but their freedoms were different. They also believed that women should not have the same political rights as men (Christian Standard and A Brief Peek at Ancient Greece and Egypt)...
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...Greek and Roman Architecture Jennifer Thackrah ART 101 May 24, 2013 Harvey Tidwell Greek and Roman Architecture The art of architecture has been around for thousands of years. Some of the most extravagant and amazing architectural designs and inventions came from the ancient Greek and Roman time period. Proven to be masters in architecture, the Greeks and Romans created vast structures using techniques and inventions that we have adopted and still use today. Greek architecture was quite elaborate in its time. Greek structures were characteristically massive and extremely long and more commonly known for their temples. In addition, the Greeks also choose the placement of their temples atop higher ground overlooking the city so the structure could be seen from all over (Sayre, 2009). The Greeks used load-bearing construction to bear the weight of the structures' roof. Furthermore, post-and-lintel construction was also an essential technique used in all Greek architecture. Post-and-lintel construction used horizontal beams that were supported at the ends by a wall or vertical posts (Sayre, 2009). The vertical posts or columns used in post-and-lintel construction were composed using several large pieces of stone called drums (Sayre, 2009). Each drum had grooves carved into them that helped line the drums up evenly into a single column. The columns tapered at the top and bottom to help the columns look vertical; this technique is called entasis (Sayre, 2009). The Greeks developed...
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...Greek and Roman Architecture Melisa Hart ART/101 September 7, 2014 Caleb Kromer Write a summary comparing the characteristics and innovations of each Greek and Roman architecture in 200 to 300 words. Greek architecture inspired Roman architecture, so they have several similarities between them. Together they have created classical architecture that is still greatly remember to this day, but they also share a lot of differences. Most Greek architecture was built to honor their gods, great detail on the outside and inside. Many of the buildings that were built have unique columns, which are used for support, and most of the buildings are more rectangular. The Greeks building many temples. The Greeks developed a set of orders that has a separate type of architecture that is better used in the three orders first Doric, second Iconic, and third Corinthian. The First Temple of Hera is a good example of how the Greeks used columns in their structures. The structure of The Lion Gate in Greece is another example of Greek architecture. This type of building uses post-and-lintel construction, which is something else that the Greeks were famous for. The Romans used more concrete in their structures than the Greeks. The use of concrete allowed them to make larger buildings and unique structures. More of the Roman buildings are preserved than the Greeks due to the use of concrete as well. The Colosseum in Rome is a great example of a famous piece of architecture built from the...
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...Greek and the Roman Empire Name Professor Institution Course Date Both Roman and Greek Empires existed as early as fifth century B.C. extending their rule up to 10 century A.D and they’ve left mark to civilization of the modern world from their cultural, economic and political practices. History of ancient Greek spanned many centuries from 1600 B.C to 146 B.C with unfolding world around neighbors like Turkey in the East, Syria and a more civilized Egypt in the south (Williams, 2005). They laid foundations of life during this period: the institution of slavery, which spurred the growth of a leisure class; the emergence of city-states; the establishment of laws; and the development of various types of polity all contributed to both the creative culture and the political tensions that characterized Greece during later eras (Kirkuk, 1996). Earliest developers of the Greece Empire settled in the large Crete Island around 2000 B.C. They remained in separate states distributed across the Greece islands. Roman Empire was founded during the rule of Augustus Ceaser in April 21, 753 B.C. (Burgan, 2009). They heavily relied on myths and legends to explain their history and ancestral origin. The city of Rome was built on the hills near Tiber River which gave them a good view of their countryside and also be able to defend it against any enemy attacks. They had built boats and canoes allowing access...
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...Ancient Greeks and Romans Stephanie Bumpase AIU Abstract There were a little similarity between the ancient Greeks and Romans that would be detailed out. There were towns of differences between the two cultures. In this paper, you would know how the ancient Greeks ran their land and how Romans did theirs. By the end of this paper, you would see how each culture adapted in their way of living. Ancient Greeks and Roman When you think about ancient Greeks and Romans, the most that pops out of people mind is the art work and architectures. These people were more than art work and architecture. The ancient Greeks and Romans both started as city-states. They both had some similarities and differences in their culture. Between the Greeks and Romans they had a few similarities in their culture life. Geographically, they both establish life on the Peninsula by the Mediterranean Sea. Both culture had farmers to where they did the farming. However, the only thing that they farm the same was wheat and olives. The Greeks and Romans both made vases. They also love going to the theater for arts and entertainment. Both culture had temples to worship the gods and goddesses. There was quite a bit of differences between the Greeks and Romans culture. The Greeks was surrounded by water (http://chalk.richmond.edu), therefore they would capture fish, squid, and octopus (http://chalk.richmond.edu) to eat. The Romans would grow a few items, but mostly shop in the market...
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...Ancient Greek and Roman sculpture The sculpture of the Greeks and Romans represents one of the major arts of antiquity. It is diverse in its function. Greek monumental sculptures were developed on the islands of the Aegean and Crete in the middle of seventh century B.C. The adaptation of figures and technologies are borrowed from the Near East and Egypt make a new artistic idiom suitable to the needs of the individual city-states and the Greek sanctuaries. In around a century and a half, the developments rapidly led to the birth of Classical art that show the distinctiveness of the human figure. Sculpture was the perfect means for the expression of the new Classical ideal. There are three major periods of ancient Greek and Roman sculptures which are differentiated by their style and their function. The earliest sculptures appear in the Archaic period around 8th - 7th century BC. The sculptures illustrate form of small figures of men, animals, and gods in bronze, clay, or stone the usually standing or seated. The form is called Daedalic with a form of big heads, frontal figures, and triangular faces. In the late of the 7th century the Greeks aware of the Egypt sculpture and they change to make larger figures in hard white marble from the Cyclades islands. There are two main types of the figure, “the kouroi” who are naked males standing with one foot forward, hands to sides, and the korai, who are dressed in women. They are used for decorating buildings or dedications for the...
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...Greek and Roman Comparison Lisa Lain HIS275CA June 1, 2015 Zachary Lenz Greek and Roman Comparison The Greek and Roman empires were very important to the history of the world. With their empires came religions and philosophies. While their religions were much different, both the Greeks and the Romans turned to Christianity at some point. Their philosophies were also quite different. They each studied the building blocks of the universe and created their own theories. With any empire come societal struggles. Both the Greek and Roman empires dealt with such struggles but the main aspect of the struggles varied. Territorial expansion was very important in both the Greek and the Roman empires. They both sought out to find more land and fought for the land they found through wars and battles. Trade and commerce were a major contribution to both empires as well. While both empires traded different things both within their empires, they also traded outside of it. The Roman and Greek civilizations also dealt with a decline in civilization. The reasoning behind their declines was different, but both empires contributed to their own decline. Religions and Philosophies While the Greek and Roman religions differed greatly, they both turned to Christianity at one point. In the beginning religions, the Greeks and Romans alike believed in many gods. Each of these gods was believed to be a god of certain events. Both the Greek and the Romans worshipped their gods at temples...
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...determines your destiny.” The Romans inherited a cornucopia of knowledge from the Greeks and Hellenistic cultures in the Mediterranean, such as architecture, strategies of war, politics and the humanities to name a few. However what the Romans had that the Greeks didn’t was extreme self-discipline and organizational skills and when they opened their minds and allowed themselves to be less dogmatic, more artistic and more inclusive they were able to conquer the world. Since we have limited space in which to make our point, we will use religion, philosophy, politics and art in which to illustrate the magnitude of the influence of the Greeks and the Hellenistic cultures on the Romans. The Hellenistic times were a period of questioning our purpose in this world, why things happen, and what transpires after death. Consequently philosophers from many perspectives became popular and presented people with answers and a multitude of options that were being derived from all the Hellenistic societies surrounding the Romans. The political systems inherited from the Greeks became the inspiration for the Roman Empire’s republic and has become the cornerstone of democracies around the world today. Greek and Hellenistic art became the largest influence on every single aspect of Roman life, including their weapons, fashion and home decor. Professor Weber clearly gives the impression that the Romans “conspicuous consumption” was not a positive after effect of the Roman conquests because it changed...
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...American intercontinental university | Compare and Contrast | The comparison and contrasting of Greek and Roman Cultures | | Misty Thornton | 11/11/2012 | The comparing and contrasting that distinguish elements or features of early Greek and Roman cultures, including illustrative or significant examples of the various features. | Contrast | GREEKS | ROMANS | ART | Had sculptures that consisted of small figurines and life-size statues. Showed the beauty of the human form in nudes and combined realism and idealism. | Had sculptures and statues. Mosaics were popular because they were created a desired look. | | Sculptures created told stories of heroes, Gods, mythical creatures, important events and the culture of Greece. | Sculptures designed for the purpose of telling the significant history of the culture. | | Pottery was another form of important art. Architecture typically more rectilinear and of post and lintel construction. | Created paintings. Buildings they mastered were ones that had arches and domes. Made concrete better. | GEOGRAPHY | Greece land is covered with many mountains. It is a peninsula composing of even smaller peninsulas on its land. | Rome was located near the Mediterranean Sea and the volcanic mountains. The land is composed of large hills made of tufa rocks. | RELIGION | Built temples. Temples were ornate on the outside and plain on the inside. Worshiped many Gods like Zeus, Hera, and Apollo. | Temples built were...
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