...Pursuit of a Green Solution Since the start of industrialization the world’s climate has gone through radical changes due to the increased release of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere, and the resulting depletion of the ozone layer. If the depletion continues at this rate, the world will come to an end soon, possibly just after two or three generations. Governments all over the world understand the importance of the problem; however they have limited themselves to taking small steps to address global warming. Bill McKibben addresses the people of the globe in his book “Eaarth-- Making a Life on a Tough New Planet” to educate them about the magnanimity of the problem, through statistics he convinces the readers that the time to reduce the production of greenhouse gasses by shifting to green technology by 2025 has ended already, which is the solution suggested by most of the governments; the earth has almost reached the limits of the environment. If we continue producing greenhouse gasses in the ways we have done before, we will soon cross those limits, and then we would have to face the consequences as a result. According to McKibben, people need to make drastic changes in their lifestyle if they want to save the earth as it is right now, we have already lost how it used to be but there is still some time to salvage what we have, and to do that McKibben suggests “My point throughout this book has been that we’ll need to change to cope with the new Eaarth...
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...Start-Up The entrepreneurs behind Green Energy Solution's (hereafter, GES) developing business are the management team of Enertek EMT Canada, with Enertek's CEO George Nemer, acting as General Manager for the initial period. Mr. Nemer has a Bachelor of Science from McGill University, and extensive studies in Marketing and Finance. He is presently working on his Global Energy Executive MBA through the University of Calgary, with an emphasis on environmental studies. He has several years of work experience as a Chartered financial planner for 23 years, and headed Whitewater Lebanon S.A.L. as its CEO while being involved in the construction and management of many of the waterparks built in the Middle East and North Africa. Moreover, he has been active within the renewable energy industry for the last several years. The second entrepreneur responsible for GES is Mr. Alberto Bilotta. Mr. Bilotta graduated from McGill University as a civil engineer, and has over 25 years of work experience as head of Vinac Construction Inc, where he did work on several prominent projects from the Pierre Elliot Trudeau Montreal International Airport to various public institutions such as libraries and hospitals. The original objectives of both Mr. Nemer and Mr. Bilotta were to approach the expanding market of sustainable resources and energy. GES was created to be a division of Enertek EMT Canada as a start-up subsidiary based in Montreal, Quebec. It will offer solutions-based designs, consultancy and...
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...within the bag equal to the concentration outside the bag. The glucose solution moved out of the bag making glucose present in the beaker. The glucose moved to make the solute concentration inside and out equal. If the initial and final % concentration of glucose and IKI for in the bag and in the beaker were given they...
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...a hazard if it is poured down the drain untreated or placed in the trash. Based on these considerations, EHS recommends the following disposal procedures for ethidium bromide. * Electrophoresis Gels * Ethidium Bromide Solutions * Gloves, Equipment and Debris Electrophoresis Gels Trace amounts of ethidium bromide in gels should not pose a hazard. Higher concentrations, e.g., when the color of the gel is dark pink or red, should not be placed in laboratory trash. EHS recommends the following: * Less than 0.1% ethidium bromide: place in laboratory trash * More than or equal to 0.1%: place in biohazard box for incineration. Consider substituting with a less hazardous material, such as GelRed Nucleic Acid Gel Stain. Ethidium Bromide Solutions * Aqueous solutions containing <10ug/ml ethidium bromide can be released to the drain. * Aqueous solutions containing >10ug/ml ethidium bromide should be filtered or deactivated using one of the methods described below. EHS strongly recommends charcoal filtration over chemical deactivation. * Solutions containing heavy metals, organics, cyanides or sulfides should be disposed as hazardous waste. Charcoal Filtration Filtering the aqueous ethidium bromide waste solutions, free of other contaminants, through a bed of activated charcoal is a relatively simple and effective method for removal of ethidium bromide. The filtrate may be poured down the drain. There are three simple kits available for...
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... Procedure two: The water diffuses away from the NaCl solution in every scenario, leading to the conclusion that it has the highest water potential of the solutions tested. Because a greater proportion of water diffused away from the sucrose than the glucose, it can be hypothesized that the sucrose has a lower water potential than glucose. Because water diffused to the glucose and away from the 5% ovalbumin solution, we can also hypothesize that the glucose has a lower water potential than the 5% ovalbumin solution. In order from greatest to least water potential, the...
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...various rest rooms - the list goes on and on. TriMet had been using more than a dozen cleaning solutions, which resulted in significant product waste and dollars lost as the cleaning staff was using more than one product per job. In addition, the solutions were not environmentally friendly, creating a negative cumulative effect on the staff and the environment. "We've always been an environmentally minded organization, yet struggled to find 'green' products that could get the job done," said Dan Koenig, Facilities Services with TriMet. "While our old solutions worked, we were tired of the excessive product waste and the harshness of the chemicals. We were determined to find a better way." The Solution TriMet was very receptive to testing the Staples Sustainable Earth line of products and worked closely with the Staples team to see how the solutions performed in a real-world environment. Staples showcased the products’ robustness by selecting one of the organization’s most hard-to-clean areas – the underground bus pits below where the vehicles were parked. The power of the Sustainable Earth line combined with the ease of dilution, safe ingredients and cleaning versatility made the decision to move to Staples an easy one. “The Sustainable Earth line is a perfect fit for our organization,” said Koenig. “We’d been searching for a cost-effective, eco-friendly solution for many years. It’s as if Staples read our mind and created the products just for us.” TriMet was...
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...Dilutions of Concentrated Solutions Purpose: To make dilutions of concentrated solutions and report their concentration in different ways. Hypothesis: I predict that at least one of the tubes will not change color because of the little concentration it has. Materials: Balance, analytical Balance, tabletop milligram weigh paper, 7.6x7.6 cm weigh boat, 3.5”x3.5” Lab scoops cupric sulfate 5-hydrate Tubes, 15 mL, capped Tube racks for 15mL tubes Deionized water Permanent lab marker pens Tubes, glass, 13x100mm Peg racks for 13x100 mm tubes pipets, 5mL pipet pump, green Spectrophotometer, spectronic 20 D+ Procedure: ● In matrixes similar to those shown in table 3.21 and 3.22, record all your calculations and diagrams. Confirm your calculations with another person’s calculations before you begin. Draw a diagram to show how each sample is diluted. Use the equation to make the calculations. Be sure to make the columns te appropriate width for the material they will contain. ● Label all tubes with the name and concentration of the sample, your initials, and the date. Table 3.21 Dilutions of the 300x stock CuSO4 volume to be made (mL) concentration to be made (x) 5 150x 7 30x 5 15x 5 3x 4 Calculations Volume of stock to use Solution preparation diagram 1x 1. Prepare 25mL of 300-mg/mL CuSO4 solution. Mix well. Do not use previously made solutions. consider this a 300x stock solution. A. Show the calculations...
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...Detailed Lesson Plan (Grade 7) 1. Objectives After providing the necessary materials, each student; 1.1 investigates the different types of solutions: -unsaturated -saturated -supersaturated 1.2 performs an actual activity about solubility. 1.3 values the common solutions that can be found at home and can be used in daily living. 1. Learning Tasks 2.1 Topic: Solutions 2.2 Concept: The unsaturated solution has a less amount of solute to be dissolved. The saturated solution can hold no more solute to be dissolved. The supersaturated solution cannot hold more solute. 2.3 Materials 2.3.1 Textbook/Other Reference -Science Grade 7: Matter (K-12 Curriculum), pages 1-16 - http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/science/solution-heat-solution.html 2.3.2 Instructional Materials - video clips, materials enumerated for the experiment and activity sheet. 2. Methodology 3.1 Daily Activities 3.1.1 Prayer/ Greetings Christ Jesus Whom we open our eyes, may you be there; When we open our ears, may you be there; When we open our mouths, may you be there; When we open our diaries, may you be there. Help us to see with your eyes; Help us to hear with your ears; Help us to speak your truth in love; Help us to make time for you… for others… for ourselves. Amen. 3.1.2 Checking of Attendance 3.1.3 Checking of Assignment 3.2 Preparatory Activities 3.2.1 Review Teacher: Class...
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...Osmosis Introduction: Tissues are made up of cells that have the same structure and function. In this experiment osmosis will be measured in a piece of tissue. Water potential can be determined by the changes in dimensions of the tissues when it is placed in solutions of different concentrations. Research Question: What is the effect of sucrose solution on potato cells Hypothesis: Osmosis will increase when the solutions are less concentrated with sucrose Variables: Dependant: Osmosis Independent: Length Materials: 12 large test tubes or specimen tubes with bungs, marker pen, potato chip cutter, scalpel, fine forceps, 3 watch glasses or petri dishes, ruler, 6 labeled beakers one containing 50cm^3 of distilled water and other four containing 50cm^3 of 0.2 mol dm^-3, 0.4 mol dm^-3, 0.6 mol dm^-3 and 0.8 mol dm^-3. Method: 1- Using the potato chip cutter, cut 24 chips from the potato. Cut the chips into 5cm lengths using the scalpel. Be as accurate as possible. Place 4 chips into each of six, labeled test tubes, one test tube for each of the different sucrose solutions. Pour in enough of each respective solution to cover the potato tissue. Put a bung in each one of the test tubes and label this series “potato”. 2- Repeat the method using the apple fruit or turnip root, putting four chips of tissue 5cm long into each of the second series of test tubes. Label these tubes “apple” or “turnip”. 3- Leave the tubes for at least an hour 4- After at least...
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...FUNDAMENTALS OF SURFACE MODES: ¥ COLLOIDS ¥ means ÒglueÓ in Greek ¥ was coined in 1861 by Thomas Graham. ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ WHAT IS A COLLOID? usually consists of two phases; one continuous phase in which the other phase is dispersed. Size of particles: larger than the size of molecules and small enough for the dispersed phase to stay suspended for a longer period of time. ¥ No strict boundaries for the size limits. OFFICIAL DEFINITION ¥ In 1903 Wolfgang Ostwald formulated the official definition of a colloid: ¥ a system containing entities having at least one length scale in between 1nm and 1µm. ¥ For smaller particles there is no distinct boundaries between the phases and the system is considered a solution; ¥ for larger entities the particles will fall to the bottom due to the gravitational force, and the phases are separated. 1 2 3 MESOSCOPIC PHYSICS ¥ The particle size is in the so-called mesoscopic range in between the macroscopic and microscopic limits. LARGE INTERFACIAL AREA ¥ One very important quality of the colloids is the large interfacial area between the dispersed and the continuous phases. WHAT EFFECTS HAS THIS? ¥ This means that interface effects and hence the electromagnetic surface modes, are very important for the properties of the colloids. ¥ It costs energy to create this much surface and the particles would clump together if this isnÕt prevented. ¥ Usually the particles are charged and hence repel each other. 5 6 4 Four states...
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...encouraged to ask question/s that is related to this module and that you don’t know the answer to and want it to be answered. The question/s can be answered by anyone in class. The instructor will allow sometime for other students to answer the question/s before contributing. You can post your questions in MODULE 2 forum under the Discussion Forums. Complete Assignment #2. The assignments are posted in the ASSIGNMENTS area of the website. Even though the homework assignments are not to be turned in and graded, you are strongly encouraged to do them to understand the material and to prepare for quizzes and tests. A complete solution to this assignment will be posted on the course website under ASSIGNMENTS on Thursday (Sept 4th). You are encouraged to review the solutions and compare your work to the solution, ensuring that you understand the reasons the solutions appear as they do. You are also encouraged...
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... * Has no secretary The most important problem would be catching the flight for the meeting in Chicago since it’s an emergency and work related. Solutions: Getting work done for the day on the air plane on the way to the meeting. Call the secretary to find out at least some of the info for the meeting. Item#2 Problems: * Internal politicking in the company * Finding someone to replace F.T. Dickenson * Dealing with eliminating his overtime hours The two most important problems would the politicking, because someone else may feel the same way and decide to leave the company too. Also, finding someone to replace him and do his unfinished work in such a short period of time. Solution: Search for a new employee ASAP. Item#3 Problems: * Workers threatening to walk out over a co-worker * 10 votes to dismiss Foreman Edward George The workers are the most important asset to the company, so their interest should be first. Second, you have to figure out what to do about the votes to dismiss Ed George. Solutions: Talk to Ed George about his problems with his co-workers. Hold a meeting and get even more workers involved in the voting process, the take another vote. Item#4 Problems: * Overloading which can result in interruption of electrical power. * Not being reachable for Southern Power Solution: Contact Southern Power ASAP. See if they could come out and help with the problem. Item#5 Problem: * Balancing your work and his until Wednesday ...
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...Name Date Class COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES OF SOLUTIONS Section Review Objectives • Identify the three colligative properties of solutions • Describe why the vapor pressure, freezing point, and boiling point of a solution differ from those properties of the pure solvent. Vocabulary • colligative properties • freezing-point depression • boiling-point elevation Part A Completion Use this completion exercise to check your understanding of the concepts and terms that are introduced in this section. Each blank can be completed with a term, short phrase, or number. In a solution, the effects of a nonvolatile _______ on the properties of the solvent are called _______. They include _______ point and vapor pressure _______, and boiling point _______. In each case, the magnitude of the effect is _______ proportional to the number of solute molecules or ions present in the _______. Colligative properties are a function of the number of solute _______ in solution. For example, one mole of sodium chloride produces _______ as many particles in solution as one mole of sucrose and, thus, will depress the freezing point of water _______ as much. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Part B True-False Classify each of these statements as always true, AT; sometimes true, ST; or never true, NT. 11. When added to 1000 g of water, 2 moles of a solute will increase the boiling point by...
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... it increases the water movement out of the plant by a process called transpiration. When there is a shortage of water, the guard cells well get smaller and close the stomata, and the transpiration process will move slower. The osmolarity would be tested with solute concentrations ranging from 0.0 M to 0.6 M. The concentrations increased 0.1 M each time and the solute used was sucrose. The goal of this experiment was to determine which concentration had the least effect on the potato after being incubated. This information helped us estimate the osmolarity of the potato tuber tissue. Our group hypothesis is that the osmolarity of the potato will have the concentration with the 0.1 M solution. This hypothesis is based off the predicted outcome that smaller molarity concentrations will have the least effect on the potato. The more solute added to a solution decreases the concentration of water in most cases (Kosinski). The decrease in water concentration would then lead to a lower weight of the potato tuber once it has finished incubating. Methods & Materials: For experiment A you will need the following items: 1 large potato tuber Forceps petri dish razor blade DI water metric ruler 7 250 mL beakers/ or disposable cups balance that weighs to the nearest 0.01g sucrose...
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... The purpose of the experiment was to see how abrasion works and how it affects rocks and minerals with the use of sugar cubes. I measured the mass of all 5 sugar cubes together then placed it in a jar with a lid on and shook it 20 times, as I was shaking the jar my lab partner recorded the mass that was taking with the number of times I shake the jar. After which we drew the shape of the sugar cubes when it was poured out on a paper, then we calculated the percent change. This procedure was repeated 5 times and with each trial the shaking time was increased by 20. After all the calculations was done, we graphed the data. After each trial the size and mass of the sugar cubes reduced, this was due to the pressure put on the jar as we were shaking it. Supposing little pressure was put on the jar, the outcome would have been different and would have shown little abrasion effects on minerals and rock so therefore this made me conclude that, for abrasion to have a greater impact on minerals and rocks the pressure of the water or wind must be strong to push the minerals against each other. Another factor that contributes to how abrasion works could be the amount of space the minerals and rocks have because during the experiment, the sugar cubes pumped into each other and the walls of the jar and since there wasn’t enough space for movement the sugar cubes weathered and reduce in size with the mass decreasing which I believe wouldn’t occur if there were to be enough space for the sugar...
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