...It has been a constant debate recently whether steroids and performance enhances should be allowed in sports today. This topic usually occurs in baseball but in recent discoveries, many football players are condemned for doping. Vast names in sports such as: Ray Lewis, Alex Rodriguez, and Christian Laettner were all suspended by their respected leagues for doping. Steroids should be banned in professional sports today because they give athletes unfair advantages, they’re horrible to the athletes’ body, and there can be severe side effects. There are copious types of steroids that athletes use. “The most common type of steroids that athletes use are anabolic steroids, or synthetic versions of the male hormone, testosterone” (Quinn). This particular...
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...Professional athletes face the recurring dilemma of negotiating or renegotiating their contracts and according to Alvin Grier, the director of the midwest operations for Elite Sports Agency, “don’t know anything about NFL negotiating strategies”. He strongly recommends that all pro athletes hire an agent or attorney to perform the tedious negotiations citing it is their money and their livelihood on the line. He compiled seven strategies to negotiating a contract that helps athletes maximize their salaries: (1) be careful of the incentive laden contract, (2) know exactly how much of the contract is deferred, (3) only the signing bonus is guaranteed, (4) attempt to get a large signing bonus, (5) front-load your salary, (6) get a roster bonus after the third contract year, and (7) put off guaranteed base-salary until the last years. His strategies seem to be common sense but the average professional athlete entering the professional ranks is only 20 years old and has had little to no college education. The foundation for many successful renegotiated contracts is the athlete’s past performance and the team’s “what have you done for me lately” attitude. A productive player currently on the team’s roster has a better chance of signing a lucrative deal than one who has yet to prove himself. Contradictory to this is the player(s) selected in the annual sporting draft. The players selected highest in the draft are in a better position to negotiate a great deal than those drafted in lower...
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...Baseball Players and Using Performance Enhancing Drugs In the recent years the use of steroids in professional sports has become widespread, and major league baseball is more than any other. This paper will discuss using performance enhancing drugs will not get players into the Hall of Fame. Players use performance enhancing drugs to gain a competitive advantage over other teams and players. The definition of cheating is violating rules or restrictions to gain an advantage. It’s plain and simple and is a form of cheating. Major league players who got in the hall of fame in the past used their pure natural talent. The purpose of the Hall of Fame is to recognize outstanding natural talent in the sport of Baseball. Look at our beloved long time baseball legends, Babe Ruth, Hank Aaron, Willie Mays, Mickey Mantle, and many more. How would they feel to see professional baseball players cheat their way in and make it easy on themselves? Baseball meant so much to them and to see future players disrespect our baseball legends and allow them to go to Cooperstown, would be awful to past and present players. Baseball fans know players want to give it all and ultimately make it to the World Series and achieve other outstanding goals, but taking illegal drugs is taking it too far. This leads into the major league baseball punishments for using performance enhancing drugs. The major league baseball has punishments for players who use steroids and performance enhancing drugs. First...
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...has been no bigger or constant story in the world of baseball than the consistent illegal use of performance enhancing drugs. Performance-enhancing drugs are any substance taken to perform better athletically. This term is referenced often and typically refers to anabolic steroid use in sports by professional and amateur athletes. Other substances may also be taken to improve performance, including human growth hormone (HGH). The on going epidemic has brought the attention of some the biggest names in sports into question. Roger Clemens, Sean Merriman and Lance Armstrong just to name a few of what could possible be hundreds according to the Mitchell report. (Thesteroidera.com) The Mitchell report was an investigation to the commissioner of baseball of an independent investigation into the illegal use of steroids and other performance enhancing substances by players in major league baseball, as well as other major sports. The report helped put in the spotlight the ongoing problem mainly found in athletics today. The drugs allowed players to excel far beyond their god given talent and allowed them to produce power numbers never seen before. Not only does “Doping” hurt the integrity of the sport and the athlete, but also causes serious health risks, both mental and physical. I don’t believe there was anyone more intrigued by the epic home-run race of 1998 between Sammy Sosa and Mark Mcguire. The two heroes of the time seemed to sea-saw back and forth until ultimately Mcguire reached...
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...There is an almost daily report of one sports figure or another involved in a “doping” scandal of some type or another. Even the rumor of a sports figure using performance enhancing drugs (PED’s), often brings dishonor and disgrace to the athlete. Are these accusations appropriate or warranted? Perhaps there is a new point of view that would suggest that PED’s should not be banned but only regulated. For a variety of reasons, I propose that athletes should be allowed to use performance enhancing drugs because they already are, and legalization would level the playing field. Performance enhancing drugs should be permitted as long as the effects are understood. When I chose this topic, the first people I discussed it with were two certified athletic trainers. Based on the observations and discussions with Jeremy Bowman ATC, PES (J. Bowman, personal communication, October 21, 2014), and Jamie Stanley ATC, (J. Stanley, personal communication, October 21, 2014), they immediately stated their beliefs were based on the fact that by definition many athletes were already using PED’s. Both thought that athletes who used caffeine, HGH, any ADHD prescription medication, and lab shifting devices such as blood doping were by definition using PED’s. In particular they had observed that athlete’s using ADHD...
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...exceeding their goals and resort to a drug that has been around the 50s. When steroids first became available in the public market, the drug was unregulated and anyone could buy and use it for whatever they wanted. It took about forty years for it become regulated, regulations put steroids as a schedule 3 under the controlled substance act making its possession illegal without a prescription. Steroids are one of the most controversial substances to ever be made and are still common today. There are mainly two uses of steroids, medicinal and performance enhancing. Medicinally used steroids can be used to treat anything from a rash to asthma. There are about three names for steroids; corticosteroids, used medically, and anabolic steroids or HGH which in the athletic world is used to boost performance or in the medical field to replace sex hormones. All over the world steroids are being used to treat numerous illnesses. By many people when steroids are brought up they usually think of a big raging bodybuilder injecting steroids. In the bodybuilding building industry steroids are used to build huge muscles. When a natural bodybuilder is lifting weights, they are creating micro tears in their muscles allowing their muscles to...
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...Todd Gillispie Prof. MacAdams 8/23/10 Sports Ethics: How Technology Alters the Balance of Fairness Over the years sports have made great strides in improving fairness so as to create a more competitive form of entertainment. In the early years before the advancements in technology and development of enhancement drugs, it was talent that set athletes apart from one another. But as the number of athletes rose and the revenue generated by sports, as well as the salaries of players, escalated exponentially, so did the need to excell. Accordingly, athletes looked for anything that would give them an edge. Sports enhancers were used to obtain a competitive advantage, thus disrupting the concept of fairness. The problem of fairness did not only lie in the use of enhancers, but also with play calling. In most sports you have an official or team of officials who are solely responsible for ensuring all calls are made correctly. Because of “human error”, as well as the possibility of biased officiating, the idea evolved of using camera systems whose sole duty is to record all plays that can be replayed to ensure that calls were correctly made. In this paper I will analyze two forms of technology – one from a pure technology perspective and one from a medical perspective - that have both positive and negative aspects in tipping the scale of fairness. For most sports, the sole purpose of a video replay system is to determine the correctness of close calls or...
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...can throw a ball extremely hard, and some of them can even steal up to 40 bases along with those home runs. Oh, they also all served penalties for using performance enhancing drugs, or P.E.D.s for short. Five of those players mentioned either broke a record or have achieved an accomplishment in baseball that only a select few have accomplished. They would all for sure be first ballot Hall of Famers if it wasn’t for one little scratch mark on their resume that negates all of their achievements, suspended from steroids. Many people believe that they should still be let into the Hall of Fame even if they used steroids, for it made the game more interesting. However, many other fans and National Baseball Writers believe this; no player ever suspended for steroid use should ever be allowed into the National Baseball Hall of Fame. There are numerous drugs that are banned by the MLB. “These drugs not only include human growth hormone(hGH), but also contain an array of illegal and legal stimulants, ranging from amphetamines to Ritalin to ephedrine-laced dietary supplements”(Verducci). If you compare the home run stats from the 1996-2001 seasons with all other seasons in the history of Major League Baseball, you’ll notice many strange statistics. For example, there has been a total of 310 40-homer seasons in MLB history, where in the 1996-2001 seasons; there were 83 40-homer seasons alone. That means that in a six year span, 27% of all 40-homer seasons occurred in that time span alone...
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...Kori Bogard Dr. Karin Mendoza Intermediate English Composition (ENGL-2989-076) 29 March 2013 Word Count: 1,766 Steroids should be legalized Abstract The use of steroids and illegal performance-enhancing drugs appears to be growing in professional athletics. More and more high profile athletes are being busted for their use and consequently ostracized by fans and those in the athletic community. Beyond that, there are thousands of other professional and amateur athletes who have resorted to these drugs as well. As someone who has found a passion for all things fitness, and aspires to open up my own gym and train athletes someday, this issue is of high importance to me. Although many have accepted steroids as illegal and a type of cheating, these drugs should be legalized in sports. While it is widely accepted that performance-enhancing drugs pose health risks, I think it is the athletes’ own choice whether or not these risks are worth the benefit. In this research, I will argue why it makes sense to lift the current ban on steroids in professional sports. The effects of steroids are well known. They will help increase athletic performance and they also come with negative side effects. In a study done by clinical biochemists, it was found that use of anabolic steroids combined with exercise was highly effective. This research took 43 volunteers and divided them into four groups. One group of people took a placebo pill and exercised, one group took a placebo with no exercise...
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...performance and psychological processes such as memory and focus, all while providing better protection to the brain. Fasting lifestyle has been proved successful and implemented in many top athletes’ lives throughout the world. Other than biological benefits, fasting showed how well it could be incorporated with time management of someone who is trying to be more productive and efficient in every day life. Intermittent Fasting “Breakfast is the most important meal of the day” – statement claimed by the majority of doctors today, but I’m afraid, not everyone understands the meaning of the word “Breakfast”. The word literally represents the meal by which you break your current fast, or a not eating period. It doesn’t say anywhere when it should happen. People are, not knowingly, fasting every day, usually when they are asleep – since they go through a period of several hours without eating. People are focusing so much towards the future while searching for new and superior ways of improving their lifestyles, not realizing that they might have neglected, and missed a really important one in the past, known as the Intermittent Fasting. So let’s travel to the past, thousands of years back. What do we see? We see a world...
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...anabolic steroids, androstenedione, human growth hormone, erythropoietin, diuretics, creatine and stimulants. You may decide that the benefits aren't worth the risks. What is a drug? | A drug is a chemical substance that, when absorbed into the body, can alter normal bodily function. Many drugs have been banned in sport if they are deemed to provide an unfair advantage, pose a health risk, or are seen to violate the ‘spirit of sport’. The use of banned drugs by athletes is referred to as ‘doping’. The International Olympic Committee (IOC), and more recently, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) have been leading the way in the battle against drugs in sport. | Why do some athletes use drugs? | Most athletes take drugs to enhance their physical performance in an attempt to prevent them falling behind other competitors, even if it does mean damaging their health and risking their sports careers. Other athletes may use drugs to help them wind down and relax, to cope with the pressures and stress associated with a constant battle to win all the time, to boost their own self-esteem and confidence, to mask the pain of certain sports injuries, to control and reduce weight, and to hide the use of any other banned substances. | What types of drugs and methods are used by athletes...
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...Tiffin University Professional Sports Seniority System By: Overview and History of the MLB CBA Major League Baseball (MLB) Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) was agreed upon on December 12, 2011, and ends December 1, 2016. The CBA agreement is a five-year agreement between to 30 Major League Clubs and the MLB Players Association (MLBPA). According to the MLBPA CBA (2011), “Clubs and the MLBPA entering CBA agreement on certain terms and conditions of employment of all MLB players for duration of CBA agreement”. The MLB CBA establishes guidelines for proper protocol for contact negotiations, grievances, arbitration, Uniform Player Contracts, specified determination of a player’s playing status, and other key components that must bet set in place between the Clubs and the Player’s. The CBA also covers the use of sports agents and the guidelines they must follow. According to the MLB CBA agreement, “a player may designate an agent to conduct on his behalf, or assist him in, negotiations of individual salary and/or Special Covenants to be included in his Uniform Player Contract”. In terms of the Uniform Player Contract, specified salary minimums are established for each year the CBA is in play for MLB players and Minor League Players. The CBA agreement establishes a baseline for the MLBPA as sole and exclusive collective bargaining agent for all MLB players, and individuals who may become MLB players during the term of the CBA agreement. According to the MLBPA...
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...Bodybuilding Anaerobic Exercise & Respiration, Muscular Growth and Supplement Intake Ajay Sabhaney, Carlen Ng, Di Wu, Kelei Xu Bodybuilding Page 1 of 59 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. The Body & Muscle Groups a. Muscle Growth b. Physical & Psychological Benefits of Exercising 3. Weight Training: Anaerobic Exercise Mechanics & Impact on Muscle Growth a. Energy Transformations During an Exercise b. Investigating Torque in Weight Training c. Muscles Acting as Levers d. Impulse in Weight Training e. Intensity versus Speed 4. Protein Supplementation a. Protein supplementation b. Combining Protein Supplementation 5. Cellular Respiration & Effect on Weight Training a. Glycolysis b. Aerobic Respiration c. Anaerobic Respiration (inc. lactic acid) d. Carbohydrate Loading 6. Creatine Supplementation a. An Introduction b. Lab: Effect of Phosphocreatine on Lactic Acid 7. Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids a. Reactions within the Body involving steroids b. Side Effects of Steroid Intake c. Detecting Steroids in the Human Body 8. Conclusion 9. Works Cited 10. Miscellaneous Bodybuilding Page 2 of 59 I. Introduction Exercise (essentially any form of physical exertion which results in the contraction of a muscle) has become a widespread interest over the past several years, especially in areas of weight training. While exercise is generally intended to promote good physical health, bodybuilding more specifically concentrates on building muscle mass and many individuals in society...
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...Project Report on Project Financing of the proposed 1 x 10 MW Captive Power Plant of J U D Cements Ltd at Vill. Wahiajer, Near Lumshnong, Dist. Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya, submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Business Administration to the xxxxxxxxxx University, India, is my original work and the same is not submitted for the award of any other degree, diploma or any other prizes. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Reg No. xxxxxxxxxx Place: Guwahati Dated: Dear Sir / Madam This is to certify that Mr. xxxxxxxxxxx has worked under our supervision and guidance for the project report termed as the project report for project financing of our 1X10 MW Captive Power Plant and that this Report has been allowed to be prepared for his partial fulfillment of the requirement for obtaining the Degree of MBA (Finance) from xxxxxxxxxx University and that no part of this report has been submitted for the award of any other degree, Diploma, Fellowship or other similar titles or prizes and that the work has not been published in any journal or Magazine. Thanking you, Yours faithfully, For JUD Cements Ltd Authorized Signatory Place: Guwahati Date: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I express my sense of intense gratitude to the Management of JUD Cements Ltd, Guwahati for giving me this opportunity to conduct the study and prepare the project report for the project financing of its...
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...Anthropology Lecture 1 introduction Common Misconceptions with Drugs . The effect of a drug is caused solely by its pharmacological properties and effects. . Some drugs are instantly addictive . The gateway/ stepping stone theory - the use of 1 drug leads to the use of other more dangerous drugs What are drugs ? Krivanek's definition : Drugs are substances that are introduced into the body knowingly but not as food. Therefore illicit drugs, legal recreational drugs and legal but regulated pharmaceutical drugs that aren't recreational at all. - Whether if a drug is considered bad and is prohibited depends on the culture of the society in a particular period. What is culture ? The definition of culture = Through Roger keesing and Andrew Strathern's definition it is a system of shared ideas, rules and meanings that underlie and are expressed in the ways that human live. - This includes : law, beliefs, political economy, media and popular culture - this perceives ideas about what is normal and abnormal to society. " Culture is always changing and contested, not unified" Enthography as a method for studying drug use It is a process of observing, recoding and describing other peoples way of life through intimate participation the community being studied". - Participation observation, involving yourself in the life of the community , taking up the life of the other person, observing their actions, asking questions and learning what questions...
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