1.) -A: List and describe all five of Haidt’s moral foundations and explain how this line of research helps explain fundamental differences between liberals and conservatives. How do these differences help explain “culture war” attitudes?

Haidt’s five moral foundations can be grouped into two separate foundations; individualizing foundations and binding foundations. Individualizing foundations include; harm/care and fairness/reciprocity. When searching for the best candidate foundations Haidt and Joseph looked for cases of moral concerns which existed across cultures which could be valid explanations of psychological mechanisms. Haidt referenced Trivers in saying “The widespread human obsession with fairness, reciprocity, and justice fits well with evolutionary writings about reciprocal altruism” and also …show more content…
What are heuristics? How are the two related? Motivated reasoning is the act of holding onto preexisting information even when new information is introduced. Such as voters choosing a certain candidate that interests them and refusing to believe any negative notions which may come about during the time of a campaign. “Motivated reasoning describes an interaction between existing affective evaluations and new information, but unlike affective intelligence, the effect of affect may lead to less accurate updating, rather than more.” (Redlawsk et al. 2010). Heuristics are problem solving strategies, which can often been seen as a type of short cut. Often times making certain decisions with inadequate information. Redlawks’ example of “candidate appearance” being a political heuristic, shows how people often make decisions without the appropriate amount of information (Lau and Redlawsk 2001). “People who know absolutely nothing about politics nonetheless know a great deal about other people, and make social judgments of all types with these social stereotypes with great cognitive efficiency (Rosenberg, Kahn, & Tran, 1991