...The law does not give permission to the health care professionals to disclose the medical information of the patients. It is the right of a patient to have his or her personal identifiable information to be confidential. This medical information is suppose too only be available to the physician of record as well as other necessary health care and insurance personal. Confidentiality of patient was protected by federal statute, as of 2003. Passing of federal regulations which was the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 was facilitated by the requirement of having privacy as well as protection of personal records and data in an electronic medical records environment and third party insurance payers. The meaning of patient confidentiality is that personal and medical information that are provided to the providers of health care cannot be disclosed to others not unless the patient has provided authorization for the release. In fact permission is not supposed to be granted to health care professionals to disclose the patient’s medical information. This is because there could be professional or personal problems by disclosing the medical information of the patients for patients depends on the physicians in keeping private their medical information, American Psychological Association (2003). Normally it becomes difficult for medical records to be completely sealed up. The greatest factor that affects confidentiality is when clinicians turn to share medical information...
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...the Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia. This Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses sets the minimum standards for practice a professional person is expected to uphold both within and outside of professional domains in order to ensure the ‘good standing’ of the nursing profession. These two companion Codes, together with other published practice standards (e.g. competency standards, decisionmaking frameworks, guidelines and position statements), provide a framework for legally and professionally accountable and responsible nursing practice in all clinical, 2 management, education and research domains. The support and assistance of Royal College of Nursing (unified with The College of Nursing on 1 July 2012 to become Australian College of Nursing) and the Australian Nursing Federation in developing this edition of the Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia is acknowledged. In considering this Code and the Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia, it should be borne in mind that they are designed for multiple audiences: nurses; nursing students; people requiring or receiving nursing care; other health workers; the community generally; employers of nurses; nursing regulatory authorities; and consumer protection agencies. 4. Nurses respect the dignity, culture, ethnicity, values and beliefs of people receiving care and treatment, and of their...
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...Patient Group Directions December 2009 A practical guide and framework of competencies for all professionals using patient group directions National Prescribing Centre Patient Group Directions 2009 Acknowledgements Editors John Wright Business Manager - Non-Medical Prescribing Department of Health Gillian Arr-Jones National Pharmacy Advisor Care Quality Commission Angela Bussey PGD Website Pharmacist Editor London and South East Medicines Information Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust Mary Golding Associate Director Community Health Services East & South East England Specialist Pharmacy Services Sandra Wolper Associate Director Community Health Services East & South East England Specialist Pharmacy Services Liz Mellor Clinical Governance Lead Pharmacist Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Anne Fittock Non-Medical Prescribing National Advisor National Prescribing Centre Production Colin Bowers Web and Publications Officer (Corporate) Merissa Bellew Web and Publications Manager Published by: National Prescribing Centre Ground Floor, Building 2000 Vortex Court Enterprise Way Wavertree Technology Park Liverpool L13 1FB Tel No: (0151) 295 8671 Fax No. (0151) 220 4334 Websites: www.npc.co.uk www.npci.org.uk Contributors © National Prescribing Centre National Prescribing Centre Patient Group Directions 2009 Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose of this document 1.2 Audience for the document 02 03 03 03 06 06 07 07 08 11 11 11 12 12 13 14 15 15 16...
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...The Accountable Care Act was signed on March 23, 2010. The goal of this act is to transform US health system into a quality and efficient health system. With emphasis on the public programs this calls for hospitals to create an innovative workforce. With this creation calls for a change in nursing education, nursing practice and nursing leadership. Impact of Nursing Education Currently there are three routes one can purse for their endeavor of becoming a registered nurse. There is the three year diploma program rendered through a hospital; an individual may seek out an associate degree rendered at the community college; or there is the four year baccalaureate degree offered at the university level. Graduates from all three pathways take the same NCLEX-RN exam. The NCLEX-RN exam is multiple choice and tests the minimum competency for practicing nursing safely. Once an individual passes the exam they are licensed to practice. Currently the exam is focused on acute care setting. As the health system sways from the acute care scene to the primary care environment the focus of the exam will need to change to meet these demands. The exam will need to emphasis on community health, health promotion and primary care. As our health system transform, there comes a demand to have a nurse with a higher education. Studies have shown better patient outcomes when there is a BSN prepared nurse at the bedside (Aiken, Clarke, Sloane, Lake, & Cheney, 2003;Kutney-Lee, Sloan, & Aiken, 2013)...
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...The specialist practice nurse is employed as a British Heart Foundation (BHF) Heart Failure (HF) nurse and is based in secondary care. Along with networking with a wide range of health care practitioners providing a seamless service between primary and secondary care her role also involves evidence-based care to clients with chronic heart failure (CHF). CHF is a complex syndrome that results from a structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the heart to function as a pump. This results in the heart not being able to pump enough blood to meet metabolic demands of the body (Clinical Resource Efficiency Support Team (CREST), 2005). The most common cause of HF is coronary artery disease, hypertension and valvular disease. It is a chronic condition, which may fluctuate, and result in repeated hospital admissions. The incidence and prevalence of heart failure is on the increase and with the current ageing population it is likely to continue along this trend. It is currently the most common cause of hospital admission in clients over the age of 65 years and accounts for 1 - 3 % of the National Health Service’ expenditure, the majority of which is associated with inpatient care (CREST, 2005). The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2010) defined specialist practice as “...the exercising of higher levels of judgement, discretion and decision making in clinical care” and requires that specialist practice nurse is competent in clinical assessment and...
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...Introduction Responsibility is defined as the "reliability, dependability, and the obligation to accomplish work”, responsibility also includes each person's obligation to perform at an acceptable level, the level that the person has been educated (Kelly-Heidenthal, 2003, p. 268). Accountability is defined as, "being responsible and liable for actions or failure of actions of oneself or others in the context of delegation" (NCSBN, 2009). This is in reference to the nurse's legal liability for the actions taken and patient outcomes. Accountability and responsibility are different, as responsibility belongs to the person doing the task and accountability belongs to the person who assigned the task. The nurse is both accountable for the task being completed and is also responsible for the patients in their care. (RCN, 2010) Accountability and responsibility are two essential parts of delegation. DeWits and O’Neill (2014) define delegation as "transferring the authority to perform a selected nursing task in a selected situation to a competent individual ". When delegating, the registered nurse (RN) allocates nursing tasks to health care assistants (HCAs) while still remaining accountable for the patient and the task that was assigned. Delegating is a management technique that is used to provide more efficient care to patients. (NCSBN, 2009) Permitting HCAs to take on nursing responsibilities allows the nurse to complete other tasks that need to be completed; however, delegation...
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...mother calls you to tell you she thinks Peter is going to kill himself as he is pacing around the yard and shouting that ‘he has a gun’. Peter has been very subdued and withdrawn for the last week. You call an ambulance after speaking to Peter’s doctor. The doctor has recommended urgent admission and has notified the hospital. Peter refuses to go to hospital; he claims he cannot be forced to consent to this. The economic burden of mental health treatment in Australia is enormous. The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare reported that the national expenditure on mental health services in 2006-07 was estimated to be $4.7b (AIHW, 2009). Chronic mental illness can impact all aspects of a person’s life. Mental illness can be a debilitating barrier to goal establishment, realisation of self expectations and ultimately the perception of a meaningful life. Economic hardships and social problems such as stigma, isolation, loneliness and victimisation all negatively affect the quality of life of sufferers of mental health disorders. Furthermore, patients with chronic mental illness are at greater risk of co-occurring physical illnesses (such as hypertension or diabetes), reduced life expectancy, depression, suicide and substance abuse (Herzog & Shoemaker, 2010, p. 681). Mental illness is mainly attributable to non adherence to antipsychotic medication, which has consistently been...
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...the Health Visitor are crucially important in safeguarding children (HM Government, 2010). In the past decade there has been significant change in nursing and healthcare that has led to a much wider remit for those involved in working with children and subsequently child protection (Hall and Elliman, 2006; Department of Health, 2004); indeed Health Visitors are responding to a national drive to further enhance their contribution to public health (Department of Health, 2009). It is against this backdrop that the critical need to develop the leadership role of the Specialist Community Public Health nurse within the process of recognising and referring child maltreatment emerges. This requires Team Managers to support staff to safeguard children, which highlights the need for effective clinical supervision, improved interagency working, and a change in organisational culture. Using a Case Study presented in Appendix One, consideration will be given to the significance of the role of the Specialist Community Public Health nurse in the recognition and referral of a child in need of protection. Consideration will also be given to the complexities of the recognition of abuse, and the barriers which may hinder the safeguarding process. For the purposes of this assignment the terms Specialist Community Public Health Nurse and Health Visitor will be used interchangeably. Elizabeth is clearly a ‘child in need’ as defined by Section 17(10) of the Children Act 1989...
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...Correspondence: Dr James P. Johnson, Crummer Graduate School of Business, Rollins College, Office number 204, Winter Park, FL 32789, USA. Tel: þ 1 407 646 2486; Fax: þ 1 407 646 1550; E-mail: jpjohnson@rollins.edu 1 Abstract Many international business failures have been ascribed to a lack of crosscultural competence (CC) on the part of business practitioners. However, the international business literature appears to lack an adequate conceptualization and definition of the term ‘CC’, focusing instead on the knowledge, skills and attributes that appear to be its antecedents. In this conceptual study, we propose a definition of CC as it applies to international business and develop a model for understanding how CC is nurtured in individuals, linking our definition to the concept of cultural intelligence. We discuss the components of the model and suggest that there are environmental and contextual impediments to the effective application of the requisite skills, knowledge and attributes that have been identified as necessary for CC, resulting in a gap between ‘knowing’ and ‘doing’. We conclude by discussing the implications of the model for practitioners, and by suggesting appropriate directions for further research. Journal of International Business Studies (2006) 37, 525–543....
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...LEARNING OUTCOME ONE Throughout this assignment I will critically reflect and appraise the role of the mentor in professional practice which should enable me to facilitate learning in my practice setting. It will be appended with a critical incident that I feel is relevant, to my present and future practice, utilising a reflective model in the process. The word mentor is of Greek origin, the concept stemmed from Homer’s odyssey, where mentor a wise and trusted friend of Odysseus took on the education of his son Telamachis, in the absence of his friend. Carruthers (1993) gives a further dimension, that “this meant that mentor had to be a father figure, teacher, role model, approachable councillor, trusted advisor, challenger and encourager”. The compact Oxford English Dictionary describe mentor as “an experienced person in an organisation or institution who trains and counsels new employees or students”(www.askoxford.com). Mentoring in pre registration nurse education has become a widely accepted practice since the introduction of project 2000 (Lee, 2006). Most of the literature written in the early 1990’s involved defining the concept and determining the nature of the mentoring role. The lack of agreement regarding the role and functions of mentors was a common feature. Terms such as mentor, preceptor facilitator and supervisor were all used interchangeably creating an overlay of role functions which were not clearly defined (Neary, 2000). Hamilton (1993) describes the...
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...Medicine, 2011). The premise that the report is attempting to answer is this, “What roles can nursing assume to address the increasing demand for safe, high-quality, and effective health care services?” (Institute of Medicine, 2011). My paper will attempt to review the IOM’s report on nursing education, nursing practice, and a nurse’s role as a leader. Nursing Education The nursing profession is educationally diverse. Many nurses can obtain their training and education via diploma, associate’s, bachelor’s degrees, and more recently accelerated, second-bachelor’s degree programs. With such diversity in education, there needs to be a more consistent curriculum that encompasses the changing health trends. According to the IOM, “the ways in which nurses were educated during the 20th century are no longer adequate for dealing with the realities of health care in the 21st century (2011). The health care system is being bombarded with a variety of chronic illnesses such as: arthritis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension and mental health conditions. This barrage of chronic conditions is a result of our aging population and obesity numbers. The IOM has proposed that the nursing educational system needs to be revamped. One way to improve the nursing educational system is to introduce competencies that can handle the chronic...
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...The Future of Nursing Grand Canyon University; NRS 430: Professional Dynamics Josh Lake April 26, 2013 The Future of Nursing Introduction The United States is facing the largest health care reform in recent history. Nursing, along with other disciplines, will be at the fore front of this enormous transition. Up to this point nursing has played an essential role in the delivery and management of care. To continue to play a pivotal role nursing must elevate its practice to meet the needs of an ever changing health care delivery system. Advances in nursing practice will aide in changing and making health care more affordable, safe and effective. This paper will discuss how nursing, as a profession, can rise to the occasion through elevation of education, primary care practice, and leadership as outlined in the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report: The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health. This paper will also discuss how the author will alter personal practice to meet the goals of the IOM report. Education Advancement The Need for Advancement Since its inauguration nursing education has progressed and reformed to meet the needs of the client and the health care delivery system of the time. Issues in health care have influenced the role of education in preparing nurses to deliver safe and effective care and advocate for their patients. Nursing shortages have prompted multiple levels of education for entry level nurses. There are three pathways that have...
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...of medicines. The assignment will outline both legal and professional standards that have been set out by government and professional bodies for nurses and other health care professionals to follow whilst administering medicines. It will then go onto analyse actual and potential problems that may occur when a professional is trying to achieve these standards. This assignment will be supported by literature findings. The conclusion will reflect what is written. The administration of drugs could be defined as the way in which drugs are selected, obtained, delivered, prescribed, administered and reviewed to make sure that the medicine is having the desired affect (Dougherty et al 2004). Drug administration is an integral part of a nurse’s role and as such responsibility for correct administration of drugs rests with the nurse (O’Shea 1999). It is stated that nurses spend up to 40% of their time administrating medicine (Armitage et al 2003) In order to perform this intervention safely a nurse needs to know about the drug its immediate effect and any side effects it may cause. This role involves safe handling and administration of medicines, the role also includes the nurse being responsible for the patients knowing what medicines they are taking and why. Legal, professional and cultural boundaries are changing in health care settings, which mean that a nurse’s role is now medicines management. (Dougherty et al 2004). Medication errors can place a patients life at risk. Errors...
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...(‘the Council’) under the Health Practitioners Competence Assurance Act 2003 (‘the Act’) is the responsible authority that governs the practice of nurses. The principle purpose of the Act is to protect the health and safety of members of the public by providing mechanisms to ensure health practitioners are competent and fit to practise their professions. The Council sets and monitors standards in the interests of the public and the profession. The Council’s primary concern is public safety. This Code outlines the standards of ethical conduct set by the Council under section 118(i) of the Act. This Code complements the legal obligations that nurses have under the Act, the Health and Disability Commissioner (Code of Health and Disability Services Nursing Council of New Zealand, PO Box 9644, Wellington 6011 www.nursingcouncil.org.nz Published June 2012 The Code of Conduct for nurses has been revised and rewritten. This document replaces the previous Code of Conduct for nurses published by the Nursing Council of New Zealand between 1995 and 2011. © Consumers’ Rights) Regulations 1996 and the Health Information Privacy Code 1994. The Act and Code of Rights can be found at http://www.legislation.govt.nz The Code of Conduct for nurses is a set of standards defined by the Council describing the behaviour or conduct that nurses are expected to uphold. The Code of Conduct provides guidance on appropriate behaviour for all nurses and can be used by health consumers, nurses, employers...
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...admission she showed occasional signs of confusion but was able to give consent. Physically, Mary was in a wheelchair, had a history of falls, pressure damage, skin flaps. and needed full assistance with mobility. My mentor facilitated her admission assessment. I observed this in preparation of undertaking future ones myself whilst under supervision. From a management perspective my mentor who was the senior nurse needed to consider who would be left on the ward whilst he and I did the admission. He needed to consider risk management issues and ensure that there would be a safe and effective level of staffing and skills mix to care for the other patients on the ward and to deal with the daily ward issues. (Risk Management Strategy LPT 2003) Care pathways concentrate on the management...
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