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Health Promotion; Review of Literature

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HEALTH PROMOTION; REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Health Promotion.
Public health concepts and public health nursing was formed in the mid 18th century in response to communicable diseases, claiming the lives of people in large numbers. Over the years, the leading cause of death has shifted and transitioned from infectious deceases to chronic diseases. In today’s modern world advancement in health care and technology call for quality of life and achievement of optimum health for all people. The face and scope of public health transformed to accommodate this need, originating the idea of health promotion. This paper focuses on the role of nursing in health promotion and levels of health promotion.
Definition
World Health Organization defined health promotion as the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual behavior towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions (WHO, 1986).
Purpose of Health Promotion
The central goal of health promotion is to enhance each individual’s ability to improve their own health. This goal can be achieved by creating an environment that supports the health of a person as whole. Nurses have a vital role in creating that environment. This is done by health education and by being the mediator - link between patients and health care resources. The different sectors of health care, that span into the nursing scope of practice, enable nurses to interact with patients in all phases of care. This implies huge responsibility on nursing as a primary care provider, directly involved in patient’s health promotion.
Nurses Role in Health Promotion
Nurses initiate and continue the health promotion process of individuals, families and community by assessing them for their knowledge level, life style, nutrition habits, socio-economic and cultural backgrounds. They

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