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Hello Dk

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Det psykoaktive stof i hampplantens harpiks hedder tetra-hydro-cannabinol (THC). En vigtig kemisk egenskab ved stoffet er dets høje fedtopløselighed. Konsekvensen heraf er, at det let optages og deponeres i kroppens fedtvæv. Det er molekylets næsten rene kulbrintekarakter, der gør THC blandbart med fedt. Organiske molekyler, hvis egenskaber blandt andet bestemmes af en -OH gruppe, navngives med endelsen -ol ligesom i ethanol (alkohol).
De seneste ti års forskning har vist, at THC udøver sin virkning i hjernen ved aktivering af cannabinolreceptorer, der er af syv-helix typen. Det er specielt det limbiske system med hippocampus, lillehjernen og substantia nigra – et celleområde i mellemhjernen – der har store koncentrationer af disse receptorer. Se figur 1.3. og 1.4.
Hippocampus spiller bl.a. en central rolle for hukommelsen. Når dette område udsættes for en THC påvirkning, svækkes korttidshukommelsen og dermed hjernens evne til at lagre information i langtidshukommelsen.
Det limbiske system har en regulerende effekt på følelseslivet. Skiftende følelsesoplevelser og stemningsskift styres fra dette center. Mange hashrygere beskriver, at de under rusen får et »grineflip« eller bliver deprimerede. Det er THC´ens aktivering af cannabinolreceptorerne i det limbiske system, der må antages at udløse disse følelser.
Lillehjernen (cerebellum) og substantia nigra står for koordineringen og finjusteringen af kroppens bevægelser. Når disse funktioner hæmmes af THC, kan det ikke undre at kroppens bevægelser bliver langsommere og upræcise.
Cannabinolreceptorernes normalfunktion i hjernen er ikke kendt, men der foregår i dag en betydelig forskning på området. I 1992 lykkedes det en forskergruppe fra Israel at isolere en ligand – kaldet anandamid (fig. 4.2) – som aktiverer cannabinolreceptorerne. Interessant er det også, at en fransk forskergruppe har fremstillet en antagonist med høj affinitet til receptoren. Betydningen heraf kan blive, at man om nogle år vil kunne tilbyde personer med hashmisbrug en medicinsk behandling. Cannabinol-antagonisten vil blokere virkningen af THC, så den hash-afhængige ikke kan opnå nogen rus.
Udvikling af tolerans over for THC er veldokumenteret og optræder, når hjernen gennem længere tid udsættes for en påvirkning af stoffet.

Hvad er hash og skunk?
Hash er sammenpressede klumper af harpiks og plantedele fra hampplanten med rødlig/brun/sort farve. Dets *THC indhold ligger på gennemsnitligt 6-12%. THC er det aktive euforiserende stof i stoffet.Skunk er let sammenpressede topskud og plantedele og er en speciel dyrket hampplante. Dets THC indhold kan være helt op til 30-40%.

Kilder: http://sundhedsstyrelsen.dk/publ/publ2000/rus_bio/rusmidlernes_biologi-4.htm http://rusmidlerognervesystemet-2bi.wikispaces.com/Rusmidler+hash+og+skunk

http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/hash-giver-varige-skader-i-hjernen

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