...Strokes I. August 29th 2009. I will never forget that day. It was a life changing day for me, my family, and most of all, my grandma. II. My grandma experienced a massive stroke on that day. A. My grandma was helping her neighbor move into their new house and over worked herself. She became very tired and decided to rest. She then lost all feeling in her left side and my grandpa called 911 right away. B. This time was very life changing for me and my family. III Today I am going to inform you on the different types of strokes, the effects that a stroke can have on a person, and the signs of a stroke and how you can prevent it from happening. Body I. The two types of strokes that I will be talking about today are Hemorrhagic stroke and Ischemic stroke. A. A Hemorrhagic stroke is the rarer of the two types of strokes and accounts for about 13 percent of stroke cases which is what my grandma experienced. 1. It results from a weakened vessel that ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding brain. The blood accumulates and compresses the surrounding brain tissue. 2. The two types of hemorrhagic strokes are intracerebral hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage. B. Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a weakened blood vessel ruptures. Two types of weakened blood vessels that usually cause hemorrhagic stroke are aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations or AVMs. 1. An aneurysm is a ballooning of a weakened region of a blood vessel. If left...
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...There are three types of strokes that cause changes to the brain: Hemorrhagic stroke,Intracerebral hemorrhage and Transient ischemic attack (TIA). Ischemic stroke is the most common form of stroke, accounting for around 87% of strokes. Strokes are the 5th leading cause of death in the US, with one person dying every 4 minutes as a result. For African Americans, stoke is the 3rd leading cause of death.(http://www.cdc.gov/stroke/facts.htm) It is estimated that About 795,000 people have a stroke each year; about one every 40 seconds - there are many medical conditions that can cause a stroke and it is estimated that 8 out of 10 strokes can be prevented. However, there are some things that cannot be controlled when you are predisposed to stroke; such as your age and race.(http://www.webmd.com/stroke/stroke-causes-risks) A stroke is caused by an interruption of the blood supply to part of the brain, a stroke can happen to anyone - although there are different reasons that put some people at higher risks such as age, family history, high blood pressure, smoking, being overweight, diabetes and high cholesteral.(http://www.stroke.org/understand-stroke/what-stroke) The three types of strokes have specific causes. Ischemic stroke is the most common form of stroke, accounting for around 87% of strokes. This type of stroke is caused by blockages or narrowing of the arteries that provide blood to the brain, resulting in severely reduced blood flow. Hemorrhagic stroke are caused by arteries...
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...individual with hemiplegia, coma, and even death. There are two main types of stroke: ischemia strokes and hemorrhagic strokes. Ischemia stroke occurs when there is a blockage of an artery and hemorrhagic stroke are strokes that is caused by bleeding. Over 87% of stokes are ischemic (John Hopkins, n.d.) During an ischemic stroke even the brain cells and tissue dies due to lack of oxygen and nutrients. Ischemic stroke can be further divided into two groups including thrombotic strokes and embolic strokes. In a thrombotic stroke a blood clot of thrombus develops in the...
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...1 February 2015 Too Much Alcohol at Midlife Raises Stroke Risk New Study Suggest that too much alcohol In middle ages can increase the risk of strokes, High Blood Pressure and diabetes. People who Drinks more than Two drinks a day have a 34% Higher risk of stroke compared those whose daily average amounts to less than half a drink, thy also found that people who drink a lot In their 50s & 60s tend to suffer from strokes earlier in life than light drinkers. Other Study revealed that its not clear on how alcohol affect Stroke risk, But there is in fact that Alcohol thins your blood. This increase your risk of hemorrhagic Stroke, in which Blood vessel breaks inside the brain “ The More you drink, the more risk you have of bleeding in the brain,” Said Dr. Irene Katzan, A staff neurologist and director of center of Outcomes Research and Evaluation at Cleveland Clinic. Heavy Drinking Leads to many high risk of High Blood Pressure, Which is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood. If this pressure rises and stays high over time, it can damage the body in many ways. The other following risk of heavy Drinking is Diabetes” a metabolic disease in which the body’s inability to produce any or enough insulin causes elevated levels of glucose in the blood. So those of Middle Age & older have a high risk of getting diabetes, catching strokes or even Hemorrhagic, they not staying once you get to that certain Age you...
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...Causes and Effects of Stroke Thesis: To gain better knowledge and understanding of the disease called stroke, one must be familiar with how it is caused, its forms, symptoms, facilitators, how it is diagnosed, treated, and prevented. I. Introduction II. Stroke A. Definition B. Types C. Causes III. Demographics IV. Symptoms V. Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention VI. Conclusion Causes and Effects of Stroke Many individuals know or have friends, relatives, loved ones, or someone close to them who have either experienced firsthand or have seen the effects of a stroke, in addition to the toll it takes on the victim and the victim’s life. However, what remains unclear to most families is exactly what the condition is and what causes it. To gain better knowledge and understanding of the disease called stroke, one must be familiar with how it is caused, its forms, symptoms, facilitators, how it is diagnosed, treated, and prevented. By definition, a stroke is a condition where a blood clot or ruptured artery or blood vessel blocks the flow of blood to a specific area of the brain. It is a lack of flowing oxygen and glucose to the brain that leads to the deterioration of brain cells and the start of brain damage, thus resulting in the person developing speech impairment, memory, and movement. There are two main categories in which strokes are classified, ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. The ischemic stroke is what accounts for...
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...10.1 STROKE This concept was taken from module 10 “Assessment of nervous system”, Sub-topic 3 “common abnormalities and assessment findings of nervous system”. Stroke is a condition of both the nervous and cardio-vascular system. Stroke is a condition of brain damage which results due to shortage of blood supply. The blood supply to the arteries of the brain is reduced leading to brain damage. This result from shortage of blood supply and glucose supply to the brain. In the US it is the fourth leading cause of death. Stroke is also known as cerebro-vascular accident and it is a medical emergency. TYPES OF STROKE There are two main types of stroke namely ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke, though some authors belief that transient...
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...A stroke is a type of cardiovascular disease that affects the cerebral arteries, those blood vessels that carry blood to the brain. A stroke occurs when one of those blood vessels in the brain is obstructed or ruptures flooding the brain with blood. Depriving blood and oxygen to the brain results in those immediate cells death, causing the brain not to function properly. Once parts of the brain stop functioning, it can directly affect the areas of the body controlled (1). A stroke can be generally be defined in two types of categories. The first and most common type of stroke is called ischemic stroke. This occurs when a blood clot (cerebral thrombosis) blocks a blood vessel in the brain. Blood flow beyond the blood clot is then restricted, and the part of the brain that relies on that blood supply becomes oxygen deficient and can die (1). A blood clot can develop in a narrowed artery that supplies the brain or can travel directly from the heart (or somewhere in the body) to an artery that supplies the brain. Blood clots are usually the result of other issues in the body that affect the normal blood flow. Common problems that affect the normal blood flow include: hardening of the arteries, irregular heart rhythms, infection of the heart valves, congenital heart defects, blood clotting disorders, inflammation of the blood vessels, etc. (2) The less common but more deadly of the two strokes is called a hemorrhagic stroke. A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when an artery in the brain...
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...Stroke Definition: A stroke is the sudden death of the cells in a specific area of the brain caused by inadequate blood flow. Another name for it is cerebral vascular accident (CVA). A stroke is also called a brain attack. Description: A stroke occurs when an artery bursts or becomes closed when a blood clot lodges in it and blood flow is interrupted to that part of the brain. Blood circulating to that area of the brain served by the artery stops at the point of rupture, and the brain tissue in that area dies or is damaged. The effects of a stroke are determined by which portion of the brain is affected and how much damage occurs. A stroke can cause memory loss, speech impairment, reasoning ability, loss of vision, paralysis, coma, and death, depending on what region of the brain is affected. Strokes are considered to be medical emergencies that require immediate treatment. About one third of strokes can be followed by transient ischemic attacks (mini-strokes). These strokes temporarily interrupt blood flow to the brain and cause similar symptoms like sudden vision loss or temporary weakness in a limb. Quick treatment can improve the chances of survival and increase the degree of recovery. A person who may have suffered a stroke should be seen in a hospital emergency room immediately. To be most effective, blood clot prevention treatment should begin within three hours of a stroke. More than half a million people in the United States experience a new or recurrent stroke...
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...factors for stroke The etiology of stroke is multifactorial as the interaction of many risk factors seems to be accountable for the development of this clinical syndrome. The risk factors are classified according to their potential for modification into modifiable and non modifiable risk factors. Some risk factors for stroke we simply can not do anything about. According to the vast majority of literature non modifiable risk factors include; advanced age, previous stroke, heredity, race, and gender. 1. Advanced age: It is widely accepted that stroke increases dramatically with age and it is more likely to affect the elderly. The risk of suffering a stroke roughly doubles for each decade of life after age 55. The majority of strokes occur at 7th decade of life and it rarely occurs at the ages below of 35 years old. 2. Previous stroke: People who have previously suffered a stroke or a “mini stroke” (Transient ischemic attack or TIA) are at higher risk. Survivors of stroke or TIA are at risk of new vascular events. Statistics show that a previous stroke or TIA increases the risk of a future stroke in the next 5 years by 25 to 40 percent. 3. Heredity: Risk is greater if a parent, grandparent or sibling has had a stroke. Family history of both parents may be related to increased stroke risk. Genetic predisposition has been documented in humans and studies have shown that monozygotic twins have a 5- fold increase in stroke incidence...
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...living (WHO, 2012). This paper will review the purpose of health promotion as related to nursing practice, and how nursing roles and responsibilities have evolved in regards to health promotion and implementation on the prevention, management and long term maintenance and rehabilitation on Stroke patients, including preventing education to the public and communities, on a primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention level (Edelman & Mandle, 2010). A stroke is caused by the disruption of the blood supply to the brain, usually related to a blood vessel ruptures or blocked by a clot, as define by World Health Organization. The blockage of oxygen and nutrients to the brain’s tissues can cause permanent damage to the brain tissue. Warning signs of stroke are, sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm or leg, most often on one side of the body. Other symptoms include: confusion, difficulty speaking or understanding speech; difficulty seeing with one or both eyes; walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination; severe headache with no known cause; fainting or unconsciousness. The effects of a stroke depend on which part of the brain is injured and how severely it is affected. A very severe stroke can cause sudden death (WHO 2012). Scientists outline health promotion as the course of action taken to enable individuals to have control over their health physically and mentally on ongoing bases and the awareness and knowledge to make changes and seek medical help as needed. Despite...
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...Coronary Artery Disease. Coronary artery disease is the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, usually caused by atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis (sometimes called “hardening” or “clogging” of the arteries) is the buildup of cholesterol and fatty deposits (called plaques) on the inner walls of the arteries. These plaques can restrict blood flow to the heart muscle by physically clogging the artery or by causing abnormal artery tone and function. Without an adequate blood supply, the heart becomes starved of oxygen and the vital nutrients it needs to work properly. This can cause chest pain called angina. If blood supply to a portion of the heart muscle is cut off entirely, or if the energy demands of the heart become much greater than its blood supply, a heart attack (injury to the heart muscle) may occur. Your coronary arteries are shaped like hollow tubes through which blood can flow freely. The muscular walls of the coronary arteries are normally smooth and elastic and are lined with a layer of cells called the endothelium. The endothelium provides a physical barrier between the blood stream and the coronary artery walls, while regulating the function of the artery by releasing chemical signals in response to various stimuli. Coronary artery disease starts when you are very young. Before your teen years, the blood vessel walls begin to show streaks of fat. As you get older, the fat builds up, causing slight injury to your blood vessel walls. Other substances traveling...
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...who has suffered a stroke (either hemorrhagic or ischemic) at least 1 month from onset of accident, how does modified or traditional constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) compared to a more traditional therapy approach in allowing patients to return to performing functional activities of daily living? According to Go et al1, an American dies from a stroke every 4 minutes. In the United States, stroke is the 4th leading cause of death and major cause of a serious and long-term disability.1 A stroke occurs when the blood supply is disrupted to the brain or a blood vessel ruptures in the brain, which can defined as an ischemic stroke...
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...experienced a stroke, a temporary interruption of normal blood flow to her brain. There are certain functions and limitations of neural plasticity in the patient’s recovery process. Neuroplasticity is defined as the ability of the nervous system to respond to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli by reorganizing its structure, function, and connections. While almost all survivors of brain damage experience some behavioral recovery, every patient will vary in his or her recovery process. According to Johansson, MD, PHD (2000), there are several mechanisms that are involved in brain plasticity. Specifically, such as in Stephanie’s case, time is of the essence. Brain damage can be triggered by a few factors. The most frequent type of stroke known to cause brain damage is known as ischemia, which is the aftermath of any type of confliction in an artery in which a blood clot is created. The less usual type is called a hemorrhage, which is the result of a damaged artery. Once a patient just like Stephanie has experienced a stroke, physicians must immediately determine whether the stroke was ischemic or hemorrhagic. Making such determination is complicating by nature and physicians have their clock ticking because time is limited. (Kalat, 2013, Chapter 5). Knowing that a hemorrhagic stroke is less likely than a ischemic one, physicians take a chance and apply a drug known as tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) which helps break down blood clots but is only beneficial to a ischemic stroke not a hemorrhagic...
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...Physiological Disorders Nature and diagnosis of physiological Disorders In this assignment I am going to be creating a workbook for level 3 students who study health and social care course which can help them with their studies and support I will be talking about two types of disorders which are Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA). P1 Explain the nature of two named physiological disorders. The two types of physiological disorders I am going to be talking about are Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA). I’m going to start by naming the physiological disorder with a definition for the both. Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: This type of physiological disorder is the most common form of diabetes. If an individual was to have this type of disorder the body wouldn’t be using insulin properly. This is called insulin resistance, because at first the pancreas would have made extra insulin which would have made up for it. Type 2 diabetes was once known as adult onset or noninsulin dependent Diabetes, this is a very chronic condition for an individual to go through. So anyone having this physiological disorder will have conditions which will affect their body metabolizes sugar. Glucose is very significant source of energy which your body need. If you have type 2 diabetes your body will either resists the effects of insulin this is a hormone which’s help regulate the movements of the sugars which go into your cells, or it doesn’t produce...
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...is a complex situation involving ethical and legal issues. An ethical issue that the family is facing is the sudden onset of illness with their mother. Ms. Newman was initially hospitalized for pneumonia when she suddenly had a hemorrhagic stroke. As suspected the patient’s family received the news with mixed emotions and could not agree on a treatment plan. Ms. Newman’s son wanted his mother to be resuscitated in an attempt to save her live. The daughter on the other hand believed her mother had suffered enough and a “do not resuscitate order” (DNR) should be initiated. However, the patient seemed to not have an advance directive or a power of attorney. The patient apparently did not have a DNR written at the hospital and was not conscious to make the decision. In cases where the families cannot agree can make things difficult for the patient, family, and hospital staff. Both children have valid reasons for the treatment they chose for their mother. Legally the patient has the right to have care until the time of death. Canada did a research that involved about 25 physicians (Alexandrov, etc., 1996). In this research many of the doctors agreed that DNR orders are appropriate when at least two criteria are present. These criteria include severe stroke, life threatening brain damage and comorbidities such as pneumonia and cardiomyopathy. If the Canadian research became law it could then mean doctors could make a DNR decision without the families. In situations like this the nurse...
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