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Herbert Hoover

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Submitted By vickiware
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Herbert Hoover
Vicki L.Ware
HIST102
Heidi Kyle
November 24, 2014

Hebert Hoover
This short paper will look at what things that Herbert Hoover he accomplished that endeared him to the American public and set up his successful Presidential run in 1928. The paper will also look at his Quaker roots, lack of knowledge concerning the Washington political highway, and poor communication skills that prevent the American people from re-electing him in the 1932 Presidential campaign. And not knowing prior to the 1932 election what programs he was instituting during the Great Depression that could have potentially gotten him re-elected in 1932.
As with all history, historians read, interpret and then write their findings in documentation as to whether or not a historic event or person lived up to what the expectation of the outcome at that point and time. When discussing whether or not Herbert Hoover succeeded or not during his Presidency one must take into account is background. Herbert Clark Hoover was born in 1874 into a Quaker family, which influenced his entire life. Mr. Hoover learned from his Quaker roots “that men are not mere abstractions but that they are individual units of a social order”1. This doctrine set in place the building blocks on how Mr. Hoover view the world and for his sense of justice and fair play. Research point out that true to his Quaker roots Mr. Hoover believed that all business transactions should be tempered with a sense of justice and equity. It mattered not what race, creed or color the person was, everyone should be treated fairly. Mr. Hoover’s Quaker roots also instilled in him that as part of a social order one did not “toot their own horn” but worked for the greater good and had a definite belief in the separation of duties with the three branches of government.
Prior to being elected President, Herbert Hoover earned the directorship of the newly created U. S. Food Administration from then President Woodrow Wilson. Mr. Hoover earned this position by his tireless efforts during World War I by “organizing (private, voluntary) Commission for Relief in Belgium, which successfully tackled the monumental problem of feeding and caring for the millions of refugees that were displaced due to the fighting across the continent”2. Research shows that many Americans, including Franklin D. Roosevelt, encouraged him to run for president in 1920, but Mr. Hoover wanted to be able to influence America’s economic policy among other areas, so instead of running for president, he accepted the position of Secretary of Commerce from President Warren Harding. But the question should be asked, what a man with an Engineering Degree would know about maintaining the economic policy of the United States. Another consideration should have been that the success with the Commission for Relief in Belgium was not about promoting and influencing an economic policy, it was more like running a world relief program such as the Ebola Virus. Would that one project really prepare someone for running a countries economic policy? But President Harding felt that with that background that Mr. Hoover would be a good fit for Secretary of Commerce. Through is many efforts such as his success in organization, development and regulation of radio broadcasting, his National Conferences on Street and Highway Safety and the successful handling of the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, Mr. Hoover had earned American’s faith and trust. So in 1928, Mr. Hoover was encouraged to and ran for President and was elected in a landslide election against Democrat Al Smith. However that Mr. Hoover didn’t realize at the time was that the Secretary Of Commerce did not provide the political background needed to steer through the political highway of Washington. As stated by the New Republic “One cannot classify Herbert Hoover with the political Presidents. He is shy, he is not a master of the ready phrase and the warm handclasp, his speeches do not resound, he is even weak in organizing political support”3.So again the question, did being Secretary of Commerce, as his only political office, qualify him to be president?
History tells us that President Hoover was only months into his Presidency when the stock market crashed in late October 1929. But President Hoover and the country was confident that with this economic background he could pull the country through. But with President Hoover’s “firm opposition to the Government entering into any business the major purpose of which is competition to our citizens”4, Quaker background and his lack of communication skills listed above he would have a very hard time initiating any type of programs. President Hoover worked tirelessly but because there was no communication with the American people on all of the work he was putting towards finding a solution and the American public only see the results of what they perceived as President Hoover only helping the rich instead of the poor.
As the economy worsened President Hoover was very interested in resolving economic tensions and actually started many of the innovative programs the New Deal later received credit for. This again can be contributed to his Quaker origins where the individual is part of the whole and his lack of communication with the American public. It is unfortunate that that to the American public President Hoover was “clinging to his worn-out, mean spirited” convictions4 with reelection fast approaching and that the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) he established had not issued more funds. Even though many of his programs would bring relief to millions, President Hoover campaigned that Franklin D. Roosevelt’s “changes and so-called new deals would destroy the very foundations of the American system”4 the American public took that to mean President Hoover still favored the rich and so President Hoover was defeated by Franklin D. Roosevelt, who then instituted many of President Hoover’s programs.
So was President Hoover an effective President? Yes, based on the programs he instituted. Where did President Hoover fail? There were two main areas, based on research where President Hoover failed. One was in his assumption that everyone worked for the greater good and not for individual gain. The second was his lack of communication and political organizational skills. Had President Hoover’s communication skills been better he may have been able to get more of his programs in place and let the American people know he was working for all Americans and not just the perception of working only for the rich.
References
1 Keho, Loretta. (1949). The Relation of Herbert Hoover to Congress, 1929-1933. Retrieved from http://ecommons.luc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1770&context-luc_thesis 2 Anonymous. (2012). Misunderstanding Herbert Hoover. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1021209660?accountid=8289
3 New Republic. (1927). Herbert Hoover, Practical Man. Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com.ezproxy2.apus.edu/ehost/detail/detail?sid=01f1e529-2c3b-4186-be55-25dcac8a0193%40sessionmgr115&vid=0&hid=110&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=tsh&AN=15256556
4 Thackeray, Frank and Findling, John. (2011). What Happened? : An encyclopedia of Events that Changed America Forever. Herbert Hoover. Retrieved from http://yw6vq3kb9d.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book%20item&rft.title=What+Happened%3F%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+Events+That+Changed+America+Forever&rft.atitle=Herbert+Hoover+%281874-1964%29&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.pub=ABC-Clio&rft.isbn=9781598846218&rft.volume=4&rft.spage=90&rft.epage=92&rft.externalDocID=1768400383¶mdict=en-US

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