...Firstly, I am going to talk about the role of griot in historical account. In the beginning of this story, the author introduces as a griot. In the aspect of history, Griots are really important since they derive knowledge, history, and stories from fathers and then impart them to the next generation. The story of Sundiata, who was the great among kings of Mali, is spread from griots’ mouth to mouth. In other words, without these griots, lots of precious historical stories, such as the story of Sundiata, cannot be known to future generations. Secondly, I am going to talk about the story of this first king of Mali. One day a hunter tells Sundiata’s father that he must get marry with an ugly buffalo woman and this woman is going to give the king...
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...description, a narrative is a story that retells historical events meant to give both direction and meaning to present life. Narratives consist of three parts, character’s, plot, and plot resolution (Fee & Stuart, 2003). Biblical narratives are different from all others in that they are divinely inspired. They are in essence, the story of God. With such lofty material it is not surprising that most people put a lot of thought and effort into reading, interpreting, and understanding these stories. It is this consorted effort that seems to get them into trouble. One of the most common issues is a matter of decontextualizing or ignoring the context in which the narrative is written. Taking passages and phrases out of context, as we see often in stories reported present day, can dull or even obliterate the meaning of what is being said all together. By doing this, the reader can use any part of the scripture to mean almost anything he or she wishes, and in turn misses out on the true meaning of the text. Selectivity, another common mistake, also plays a part in this misinterpretation. Readers pick through selecting only certain phrases or sections to concentrate on while ignoring the broad scope of the narrative. By doing this, the big picture is lost amongst the details and a larger message can be missed (Fee & Stuart, 2003). Moralizing is another one of the most common errors, and I must say one that I have often made. While reading through these rich historical narratives one gets...
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...the cinematic narrative. Examples of this will be given in accordance with examining both Spartacus and 2001, but it should be noted that Kubrick's use of color is not simply for aesthetics. Second is Kubrick's use of extended tracking-shots or extended stationary shots, the subject of which is often complex and intricate. Both the symbolic use of color and the style of shooting might appear merely as stylistic markers, but Kubrick uses them to further convey his theme. The theme, to which Kubrick adheres through most if not all is work is simple: man's attempt to control chaos, however militaristically strategic or technologically advanced, is eventually laid to waste via human error or chance. These aspects--the use of color, the extended camera shots, and the common theme of control against chaos--were birthed and developed during Kubrick's 1960's career. As the 1950's drew to a close, Stanley Kubrick was thirty-years-old, recognized in Hollywood, and utterly broke. "He had yet to make a single dollar from directing" in spite of having "a considerable reputation as a skilled and talented professional" (Kagan 69). In February of 1959, due to Kubrick's reputation, "Kirk Douglas asked him to direct the film adaptation of Howard Fast's novel Spartacus (1951) after Anthony Mann quit as director. Douglas was both the star and executive producer" (Phillips 344). Douglas had already worked with Kubrick on the film Paths of Glory in 1957. Spartacus was to be a historical drama about...
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...Alternate History, History and Historical Elements in “Flight” Flight the novel by Sherman Alexie itself is a travel through time. Although the novelist makes references to historical events in the book, this work cannot be called as historical fiction. Rather it falls into the category of Alternate history. It belongs to the genre where the author alters events that really happened in the past and sets his plot in the resulting changes. In the case of Flight, the novel can be called speculative fiction with a heavy dose of history and historical elements. In this narrative of Zits’ story, the author makes the protagonist jump into different historical identities. Zits does this as he travels through time and revisits history. Zits understanding of violence changes as he travels through these different...
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...Using Narrative Text in the Secondary Classroom Once upon a time, in a school, very much like your own, American History and all its contents were studied alongside tales of triumph, and defeat. In this history class, the students supplemented curriculum delivered through lectures and textbooks, with materials from sources such as diary entries, editorials, and historical fiction. This is an example of how narrative text can coexist with expository information found in content area classrooms in today's high schools. While the need for expository text is vital to the success of a student to understand the content (i.e., Social Studies) curriculum, narrative literature and various other texts are a great way to supplement the learner with information from which they can draw a better understanding of the state standards. Explained below is a definition of narrative literature, advantages and disadvantages of using narrative text in the high school Social Studies classroom, and five possible uses for using narrative texts in the high school classroom. Narrative Literature Narrative literature can be both fiction such as novels, as well as non-fictional works such as memoirs (Burke). Often, narrative literature includes many of the following: a plot, character, problems, and themes. In fictional work, one generally finds a setting, with a beginning, a reaction, and an ending (Roe, Stoodt-Hill, & P. C. Burns, 2004). Narrative literature can, and does exist on its own in...
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...COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FAIR VALUE AND HISTORICAL COST ACCOUNTING ON REPORTED PROFIT: A STUDY OF SELECTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN NIGERIA BESSONG, PETER KEKUNG and CHARLES, EFFIONG DEPARTMENT OF ACCOUNTING FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR, P.M.B.1115, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA Tel: +234 8037079607 ABSTRACT This study aimed to critically examine the effects of fair value accounting and historical cost accounting on the reported profits. However, since the major objective of any business organization is to make profit and continue in business, what they face in the course of doing their business and the method of accounting they use in reporting their profit may make this noble objective to be unrealistic particularly during inflationary period. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources and presented and analyzed using ordinary least square. The study revealed that both historical cost and fair-value accounting have significant effect on reported profit. Conclusively, Based on the findings of the study, it is concluded that the amount calculated as depreciation, charged as taxes and paid as dividends greatly influence the operating profit of the company. This simply means that the method of profit measurement will greatly influence the amount charged as taxes, depreciation and dividend on the profit of the company. The study recommended that companies should prepare their financial report using both historical cost and fair-value methods...
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...1950s, climatologists began to establish synoptic climatologies based on this idea in 1973. Based upon the Bergeron classification scheme is the Spatial Synoptic Classification system (SSC). There are six categories within the SSC scheme: Dry Polar (similar to continental polar), Dry Moderate (similar to maritime superior), Dry Tropical (similar to continental tropical), Moist Polar (similar to maritime polar), Moist Moderate (a hybrid between maritime polar and maritime tropical), and Moist Tropical (similar to maritime tropical, maritime monsoon, or maritime equatorial). Historical geography is the study of the human, physical, fictional, theoretical, and "real" geographies of the past. Historical geography studies a wide variety of issues and topics. A common theme is the study of the geographies of the past and how a place or region changes through time. Many historical geographers study geographical patterns through time, including how people...
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...Assignment 2 1. On February 7, 2014, a subsidiary sold land to its parent for $25,000, and showed a loss of $4,000. The parent sold the land to an outside party in 2018 for $30,000. At what amount should the land be shown on the December 31, 2014 consolidated balance sheet? How much gain/loss on the sale of the land should be reported on the 2018 consolidated income statement? Prepare the working paper entry (in journal entry format) for the intercompany sale for the parent and its subsidiary for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015, and 2018. 2014 Land $4,000 Intercompany loss on sale $4,000 2018 Loss on sale of land $4,000 Retained earnings $4,000 2. Sally Corporation (a 75%-owned subsidiary) owned a truck with an original cost of $12,000. It had been depreciated for $7,500 in the last 5 years on the straight-line method with 8 years of life and no salvage value. On January 1, 2014, Sally sold the truck to its parent, Paulson Company for $5,280. Prepare the working paper entry (in journal entry format) for the intercompany sale for Paulson Company and subsidiary for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015. 2014 Intercompany gain on sale of truck $780 Truck $780 Accumulated Depreciation $260 Depreciation expense...
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...states that fair value takes over for the old, worn out system of keeping books at historical value. She talks about how using fair value makes account more reliable. Also, it was believed fair value accounting was part of the reason the stock market crashed in 1929. Another point that Karthik had was why people actually support fair value. Fair value replaced the old, worn out system of keep books at historical value. With historical value, you never really need to record anything if the price becomes cheaper. It is a way for your assets to look larger than they actually are. If you record an item at fair value, you are normally reducing that value, so you are also reducing your assets. Sometimes you must actually increase the value because you paid less for the item than it is now worth. Fair value also helps with an insurance policy. If you have something that is stolen, and you do not get a settlement from your insurance company, you record the loss at the adjusted fair value. Fair value is a more reliable form of accounting, at least according to some people. It is believed that if someone is using the real cost on the books, it’ll mean that they are more accurately reporting what they have. Others believe that historic costing is more reliable because you are accurately showing what the product WAS worth. I believe that you should always use the fair value of a product, because historical costing can be overstated. If you are going to make sure that you are accurately portraying...
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...In the 2008 short film “Sommersonntag” directors Fred Breinersdofer and Siegfried portray the fictional narrative of Bruno Hansen (Axel Prahl) and the accidental death of his deaf son Micha (Janos Giuranna), at an elevator bridge in Hamburg, where the main character Bruno Hansen works as a bridge operator. The film portrays the son's death and the ultimate choice the father has to make between saving the lives of train passengers approaching the bridge and that of his own son, as he is playing under the elevator bridge. The cinematographic techniques used to portray this fictional narrative add to the films depiction through its suspenseful close-ups, and switching from differing characters/ objects point of view, as the train approaches the bridge and from the point of view of the father's narration of the event. The aspect ratio of the short film is rectangular filmed in a ratio of 2:3 and is filmed in normal (real time) speed. The onscreen and offscreen space is manipulated from the very beginning of the short film hiding the actual location of the father. The film opens with a close up of the father in a suit and tie, not revealing his location and going through the corse of events that led hid here to this point. It only reveals later through a widening of the shot that he is in a graveyard, recounting the way in which his son was killed. The film makes use of long shots through close ups to give the viewer a feeling of suspense, the scope/ mechanism of the machinery...
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...“Narratives are stories-purposeful stories retelling the historical events of the past that are intended to give meaning and direction for a given people in the present.” (Fee, 2003, p.92) Biblical narratives tell God’s story using characters, plot and plot resolution. When we read them we learn about God and His plan for redemption, God’s covenant with His chosen people and the stories themselves. These stories have been misinterpreted in the past and continue to be today. Fee and Stuart note three areas where people have difficulty interpreting and applying Biblical narratives: Old Testament narratives are not allegories, they are not intended to teach moral lessons and they do not contain explicit teachings. Problems with interpretation arise when the reader attempts to derive a meaning or moral and apply it. Also, not every event in a narrative is to be taken as a good example for us to follow. Narratives also expect the reader to be able to use God’s word to give them insight in reflecting on the story. Problems with application occur when we look for specifically taught doctrine or theology. Narratives are important to Christians because God uses them to give us guidance, but we cannot take narratives and specifically apply them to ourselves. As stated by Fee (Fee, 2003, 103), “this does not mean that each individual narrative is somehow to be understood as a direct word from God for each of us separately or as teaching us moral lessons by example.” Gordon...
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...starting a paragraph with a topic sentence, your audience may immediately identify your topic. This construction also helps you, the writer, stay focused on your subject. Consider the following example of an essay introduction: The first sentence is the topic sentence: It tells the readers they will learn about past narratives. The sentences that follow the topic sentence relate to the topic sentence because they provide examples of past narratives. Finally, the last sentence is the thesis of the essay, which expresses the author’s position on the topic and previews what the entire paper is about. You learn more about writing effective introductions later in this course. Supporting Paragraphs Every paragraph after your introduction must be a supporting paragraph. A supporting paragraph supports or proves your thesis. All supporting paragraphs must include a topic sentence. You may then develop the supporting paragraphs within your paper by using one or more of the following methods: • Examples and illustrations • Data, facts, or historical or personal details • A simple story, or narrative • Descriptions • Division and classification • Analysis • Process analysis • Definitions • Cause-effect • Comparison-contrast • Argument The previous paragraph about journals used examples to support the topic sentence. Consider the paragraph following the introduction:...
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...Fairy tale – story about fairies or other magical creatures, usually for children * Fantasy – fiction with strange or other worldly settings or characters; fiction which invites suspension of reality * Fiction narrative – literary works whose content is produced by the imagination and is not necessarily based on fact * Fiction in verse – full-length novels with plot, subplot(s), theme(s), major and minor characters, in which the narrative is presented in (usually blank) verse form * Folklore – the songs, stories, myths, and proverbs of a people or "folk" as handed down by word of mouth * Historical fiction – story with fictional characters and events in a historical setting * Horror – fiction in which events evoke a feeling of dread and sometimes fear in both the characters and the reader * Humor – Usually a fiction full of fun, fancy, and excitement, meant to entertain and sometimes cause intended laughter; but can be contained in all genres * Legend – story, sometimes of a national or folk hero, that has a basis in fact but also includes imaginative material * Mystery – fiction dealing with the solution of a crime or the unraveling of secrets * Mythology – legend or traditional narrative, often based in part on historical events, that reveals human behavior and natural phenomena by its symbolism; often pertaining to the actions of the gods * Poetry – verse and rhythmic writing with imagery that creates emotional responses * Realistic...
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...between there is raising action and falling action, it helps reader understand the development of the story clearly. The third element is “Characterization”. It is the concept of character of creating narrator. It specifically describes the personality of specific characters. It provide hence for readers to how the story develop in a character’s perspective. Then it is “Setting”. Setting usually included historical moment, geographical location and culture of the story happened and takes place. It helps to provide background and mood of the story. A “Point of View” make reader familiarizing the effects that may affect the situations of the characters was about the perspective of the narrator. And readers would judge whether who the narrator is and whether it is reliable or not. Except the narrator, there also include view of the third person. It mostly helped to tell the story by thoughts, feelings and actions of a single character. The “Irony” presents the concept and result that the narrator wants to bring in. “Author’s decisions about point of view create powerful narrative effects (Responding to Literature 9).” Readers...
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...out the basic conflict between what we know as socialism and capitalism, doing so by first examining what he calls the “Materialist conception of history” (Engels 1939, p. 292). In his materialistic history he claims that the exchange and bartering of products, and their production is the “basis of every social order” (Engels 1939, p. 292). He states that in every society that has ever appeared in history, the distribution and production of goods and the division of society into estates and classes is “determined by what [and how it] is produced… and the exchange of [said] product.” (Engels 1939, p.292) Thus, according to Engels, the basis of our society revolves around production, and consumption, which can clearly be seen even today. Historical Materialism can then be defined as the forces of production, the exchanges of products, and the division of labor according to one’s ability to produce. However in society, often people live from the work of others often called the Bourgeoisie by Engels (p. 292), and it is because of the capitalist mode of production that such a ruling class could be created, and benefit from the work of others. It is here then that we find the fundamental contradiction in capitalism. To find this contradiction, we must look back onto a time when feudalism was the center of the economy, where small-scale production was common, and where the “instruments of labor -land…[a] workshop, tools- were the instruments of [the] labor of individuals, intended...
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