...Anti-Communism and McCarthyism Stacie Clifton HIS/145 April 29, 2011 Mike Breakey Anti-Communism and McCarthyism When it comes to “anti-communism”, many Americans confuse the difference between it, and McCarthyism. Anti-Communism is a set of beliefs, social values, or political opinions that communism or a party system of government in which the government holds all power, including the economy, is not acceptable. McCarthyism is the practice of publicizing accusations of political disloyalty or subversion with the insufficient regard to evidence with the use of unfair investigatory methods to suppress opposition. After WWI, America entered into one of the most frightening and stressful times we have ever had. America entered into a frenzied hysteria, mostly caused by radical groups, European immigrants, and the American communist party, around 1919. The communist movement, as it would be known, appeared to threaten our freedom, and our will to live as Americans. Although it was mostly something you just “heard” about, it wasn’t until a Senator, named Joe McCarthy, stepped onto the world stage, pointing fingers at certain people, and accusing them in very harsh public speaking’s, and hearings. His tactic was to find communist supporters here in America and expose them. In a sense, he started a failed crusade, mostly fueled by fear, which in the end would be seen as a modern day “witch-hunt”. His stand and his actions would later be called what we know as “McCarthyism”...
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...solver of major economic and social problems[1]. With these being the basic foundations, it would be the “imminent” threat of Communism on the home front in America that would make the conservative movement powerful and longstanding. The substance of the conservative movement would surprisingly rise from a liberal source. The New Deal had provided the country with stability in dire economic times with what seemed like a complete government takeover of traditional small government role. This would be where the Conservative movement would take reign. Following World War II, the American government and it’s citizens grew uneasy about the Soviet Union far more than it ever had before. The liberal administration would enact policies such as the Truman Doctrine that had been monitoring Greece's crumbling economic and political conditions, especially the rise of the Communist-led insurgency known as the National Liberation Front[2]. The new liberals failed to discern the continuity between the anti-Communist politics of Joe McCarthy and anti-Communist politics of the Truman Administration, or to understand how the rhetoric and leadership of the Truman Administration, alarmist in tone and manipulative in form, helped to create the climate that eventually led to McCarthyism[3]. The passion the liberals placed upon anticommunism was a major part in the development of the conservative movement. Before the 1950’s in America, the conservative movement was an array of ideas with little to...
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...McCarthyism The Cold War was around for about 44 years and the focal point of it all was Communism. The US and Soviet were on each end of the spectrum. The Soviet was a communist nation with a hunger to grow while the US would do whatever necessary to prevent the fall to communism. These two large power houses had to build power in one direction or the other because it is almost impossible for two large powers to share the wealth. We will discuss the differences between Anticommunism and McCarthyism while looking at how the media covered this during that time. American foreign policy would be changed forever due to the push of anticommunism. Lastly, we will look at how the Red Scare changed the lives of Americans. Anti-communism and McCarthyism have some very minor similarities that should be focused on but never to be associated as being the same thing. Communism is a method to create an environment where everyone is of equal class and will work while the communist government collects all of the money and gives you only what you need. They own the land, the house, the food, the water, and anything else in between. Anti-communism is the resistance against this way of living. The United States and of course, President Truman, was totally sold on ensuring that the United States does not come under the communistic ways. Anticommunism was a methodology to do all that could be done against communism. The difference with McCarthyism is that this was a process of accusing people to be...
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...Liu Shaoqi -Revolutionary, Communist, president of the PRC -1898-1969, died in prison. -The most famous victim of the Cultural Revolution, “the biggest unjust case of the CCP”, he was posthumously rehabilitated in 1980 and given a state funeral Zhou Enlai -A leader of the CCP, Revolutionary, diplomat -1898-1976 -The first Primer of the PRC, most important political partner of Mao, very positive appraise by the history and Chinese people. American Volunteer Group Lin Biao - a major Communist military leader -Leader of the army during the civil war, especially in Northeastern China. - Lin had chance to be the successor of Mao, but his relation with Mao became terrible later in the Cultural Revolution. Lin died in plane crush in Mongolia, and he is also blamed for the cultural revolution Jiang Qing -4th Wife of Mao -Became to be active in Chinese political life in 1960s Cultural revolution. -She is the leader of Gang of Four, also one of the main leaders during the CR. Joseph Stilwell -American General, -US government sent Stilwell to Chongqing in 1942 - The Chief of Staff in China Burma India Theater, left the position because of conflicts with Jiang; Red Guards -A special group of China during the CR. Most RG are students -During the CR -So called “solider of Chairman Mao”, regard the little red book as all the truth, easy to be egged and the main power of CR Hu Yaobang -The General Secretary of the CCP -Took the position during 1982-1987...
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...classes dedicated to the change brought about by the end of World War II. Between 1945 and 2018, the world has seen the rise and fall of communism governments, has witnessed countries formed and others torn apart. The world has seen empires fall and superpowers rise to take their place, only to become locked in the ideological Cold War that left all in fear of nuclear war. No country remained unaffected by the conflict of the United States (US) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Consequently, Cold War politics continue to affect modern the actions and reputations of countries globally even long after its end in 1989. The Cold War refers to the...
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...Name: Course Title: Eng 112 Date of Submission: 08/04/2011 The Truth about the U.S. Involvement in the Vietnam War It is the contention of this paper that the Vietnam War was agreeable or unavoidable for exactly the rationales that U.S. leaders during that time claimed it was, that is, to sustain the trustworthiness and integrity of the pledge of Washington to restrain the evil menace, communism, across the globe. In 1950s, the communist regime expanded into North Vietnam under the leadership of Ho Chi Minh. The U.S leaders at the time believed that Ho Chi Minh could barely crushed the armed forces of France in the 1950s (Moyar 2006) or provoked the United States ten years after without firepower support from Beijing and Moscow, the two major communism headquarters. Fearing of a communist takeover in Southeast Asia, the U.S leaders, particularly Lyndon B.Johnson, declared the war on North Vietnam, fully aware of the courses of action they were taking. The ideologies of Marxism-Leninism provided Mao Zedong, Leonid Brezhnev, Nikita Khrushchev, Joseph Stalin, and Ho Chi Minh a shared goal in pursuing revolutionary changes all over the world. The fame of Ho as a fervent supporter of national independence and Vietnamese unification, alongside the Soviet’s willingness to support him, established Vietnam as an especially advantageous chance (Moore & Turner 2002). With the cold war at its peak, “a world war… in which the future governance of the international system...
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...Mebashar 1202122 January 24, 2015 International History of 20th Century and Beyond Instructor: Andrew Shaben 0 Involvement of the United States in the Vietnam War After the Second World War, fights, clashes, and conflicts had not finished around the world. The Soviet Union was communist and supporting other communist states. In the other hand, the United States was anti-communist and always supported countries, regions, and political parties fighting against communism. In Vietnam as other places a long war happened nearly a decade after the World War Two in 1954 between the North Vietnam communist regime with the support of China, Soviet Union, and other communist allies, against South Vietnam and its essential partner, the United States, also supported by other anti-communist allies. The war was long and costly for both sides, and it left many problems and disadvantages on the United States economy. This essay will argue the following three points, how the United States involved in the Vietnam War, the impact of the war especially on the United States with focus on economics, politics, and culture in both negative and positive aspects, and the US withdrawal of the war. Beginning with the involvement of the United States in the Vietnam War. Firstly, there were many different reasons of the American involvement in the war, but the main reason was prevention of communism spread and expansion. The United States felt communism is spreading in the Vietnam and more people were...
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...5. Why did the Franco regime seek to reverse gains made by Spanish women in the early twentieth century? Indisputably, General F. Franco’s dictatorship in a “Nationalist Spain” truncated both social and political progress made by women throughout the period of the early 1900s. In order to discuss the crucial motives for the totalitarian regime’s reversal of such developments, a brief historical background of European stances on the roles of women must firstly be examined. As established by H. Graham, attempts at preserving socio-cultural conservatism to uphold political ideologies during this era were geared primarily towards the reiteration of traditional gender roles in society. The influence of existent policies in a Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany at this time were, undoubtedly, of great influence on Franco’s regime. Earlier legislation enforcing this conservative perspective in Spain confirms such views, in that under these laws women could only conduct certain economic affairs, make purchases and sign contracts under supervision of a dominant husband - “el permiso marital” being required. This concept of subordination to men permeated Spanish society, restricting women to lives of exclusive domesticity. As ‘queen of the home’, the majority of middle and lower class women were uneducated illiterates, generally ignorant and uninvolved in political affairs and indoctrinated by traditions of Catholicism supremacy. However, several feminist organisations formed in the early...
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...GCE History |Contents |Page | | | | |Unit A2 1: Option 1, Anglo–Spanish Relations 1509–1609 |5 | |Unit A2 1: Option 2, Crown and Parliament in England 1600–1702 The Changing Role and |17 | |Status of Parliament | | | |37 | |Unit A2 1: Option 3, Liberalism and Nationalism 1815–1914 | | |Unit A2 1: Option 4, Nationalism and Unionism in Ireland 1800–1900 |51 | |Unit A2 1: Option 5, The Clash of Ideologies in Europe 1900–2000 |67 | Introduction CCEA has developed new GCE specifications for first teaching from September 2008. This scheme of work has been designed to support...
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...official expression (of) the present structure of society' (Collected Works, 3, p. 199). Marx’s ultimate aim was to “lay bare the economic law of motion of modern society.” (Marx, Capital [1867] 1965, p10), which is to… This essay will explain and analyse Marx’s theory of state, a nd assess the legitimacy of the theory through criticisms. Marx’s theory of history/state: History is a study of past events in human affairs; Marx believes that historical events are driven forward by changing economic factors within the ‘base’ of society. According to Marx, human society is made up of two measures: a base and a superstructure. The superstructure is the set of 'non-economic institutions whose character is explained by the nature of the economic structure (the base).' (G. A. Cohen Karl Marx's Theory of History: A Defence pp 216.) The underlying economic causes within the base are the passive determinants of events that occur within the super structural sector of society. Therefore the state and its actions are reliant upon the forces of the base. Marx’s theory of state is a based upon a materialist interpretation of historical development; a process of dialetic materialism, driven forward by changing economic...
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...The Truman Doctrine [Student’s Name] [Name of Institution] [Date] The Truman Doctrine Introduction The fall of the Soviet empire has presented various political and economic opportunities and threats to the world, for these reasons it’s considered one of the major events taking place since the Second World War. The Soviet fall besides various internal factors has been facilitated by US and Western counter parts to attempt to contain further Communism. The Truman doctrine was a US strategy to halt expansion of Soviet Union in the course of the Cold War. In this doctrine the then US President Harry S. Truman vowed to contain the spread of communism in the world particularly in Europe. This doctrine encouraged the US to back every country with both economic and military assistance if the Soviet Union or communism threats its stability. The aim of this paper is to review The Truman Doctrine was one of the significant historical approaches deployed between 1945 and 2008 that has had both negative and positive outcomes for the world. Historical Background In order to analyze the Truman doctrine and its different elements, it is necessary to consider the complex historical context in which it originated, and one that explains how a president such as Harry Truman, laid the foundations seated on the principles of the emerging American political realism after the Second World War (Bostdorff, 2008). The creation of international organizations like the UN itself and its Security...
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...realizing that the wealthy had the most to gain from free market capitalism, turned to other ways of modernization including communism and socialism. Those who believed that they could achieve what they wanted by gradual reform of the existing political structure were socialists while those who believed that the old order needed to be completely replaced by force were communists. Others rejected the socialist emphasis on international class politics and proposed nationalism as another alternative to individualistic capitalism. Unlike socialists or communists, nationalists believed that there was nothing inherently wrong with capitalism. They just thought it should be regulated and made to benefit the nation as a whole in addition to the few individuals who owned the means of production. In either case, political philosophies that emphasized nation and class were responses to a changing world that had uprooted old social beliefs. Communism, which is also described as "Revolutionary Proletarian Socialism" or "Marxism," is both a political and economic philosophy. The Communist Manifesto is widely regarded as the founding documents of modern communism. It provides an analysis of the limitations of capitalism and class struggle, and it presents the main principles of communist ideology in detail. Marx and Engels viewed the capitalist development which had taken hold in England, Belgium and to a certain extent France as revolutionary. It could destroy the old feudal societies...
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...The Long Awaited End to Apartheid Avery Wannamaker Mr. Bharucha CHY4U June 5th, 2015 Tragedy and oppression have dominated much of history. It has led to the suffering of many people, and has seen the domination of one group of people over another. These tragic times are often remembered as the darkest in history because they not only saw humanity at its lowest moral point, but they prevented us from flourishing and progressing as nations and a global community. Just over two decades ago, the social situation in South Africa known as Apartheid was one of the greatest social tyrannies in history. It saw the entire division of a nation long after racial segregation had been abolished in developed countries such as the United States. However, like all things that cause stagnation, an end has to come and in the 1990s the apartheid system saw its last days thanks to the efforts of a number of people and groups. Contrary to popular belief, Nelson Mandela was not the most important influence in bringing an end to Apartheid. Mandela’s work though vital, would have been meaningless without the influences of F.W. de Klerk, the fall of communism, and the African National Congress (ANC). Firstly, Nelson Mandela is then only name associated with the apartheid regime and its end. We often overlook the works of unsung heroes such as F.W. de Klerk, without whom apartheid would not have ended. De Klerk was vital in officially ending apartheid, reinstating the ANC’s role and releasing...
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...Joan Cassidy, former captain in the U.S. Navy Reserve, explained that “[the interrogators] swooped in like death with a scythe, sweeping through the place and. questioning [the women] about their sexual lives and whether they were gay.” Captain Cassidy was one of many gay government employees who lost their livelihoods and dignity due to the drastic rise in American extremism and the anti-communist witch hunts of the Cold War. The visibility of the queer community rose alongside the American norms developed amid the paranoia of Cold War presidential...
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...The Final solution evolved because of the chaotic nature of the Nazi regime in the years1939-42 - How far do you agree with this opinion. 1942 - 1945 = three years of systematic extermination. what was the major turning point which led to a policy of systematic extermination? * The systematic programme for the annihilation of Europe's Jews was formed by spring 1942. (Wansee conference) LONG TERM FACTORS OF THE FINAL SOLUTION * History of Anti-semitism - a tradition accross Europe embedded in societies for hundreds of years - Hitler did not invent anti-semitism he adopted it. e.g. Russian pogroms - example of anti-semitism in Western Europe. The first concentration camp for Jews was in London under the rule of Elizabeth I. * Linking of A race (Judaism) and an ideology (Communism) * Resentment against Jews: = SCAPEGOATS. 'November Criminals' / 'stab in the Back' - Treaty of Versailles - Ebert was Jewish - Hitler manipulated these events and portrayed the Jews as the plague of Society. * The Great Depression of the 1930's - provided the opportunity for extremist parties to rise to power. - Hitler also blamed this on the Jews. * Lebensraum (living space) ideology - dominant in Hitler's World View - tied in with the extermination of Jews. * The Chaotic nature of the Nazi party = Working towards the fuhrer - Gauleiter left to their own devices - implemented their own rules over their areas. SHORT TERM FACTORS OF THE FINAL SOLUTION *...
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