...History of Community Nursing Matrix As long as people have existed, they needed to look after their health. As a result, the healthcare industry was born. Nurses were a vital part of that growing community. This paper will approach three different historical periods in the United States, discuss the nurse’s role in the community in regards to the major health issues of that period, how they partnered with the community to create new programs and finish with an intellectual discussion on how Jean Watson’s theory of Caring can be applied to the nurse’s role for each historical period. Period 1-- 1800s: In the early year of American settlement , female head of the family provided the care for sick in the family (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008). In the early 1800s increased number of urban residents have changed the traditional caring system (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008). After the American Revolution, increased urbanization and beginning industrialization contributed to epidemical diseases (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008). In 1800, the first Marine Hospital was opened in Norfolk, Virginia (). In early 1800s, nursing care mainly focused on moral issues than illness intervention (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008). “The public was interested in limiting disease among all classes of people for religious reasons as a form of charity” (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008, p. 27). The Ladies’s Benevolent Society of Charleston, South Carolina for the sick and poor provided charitable assistance...
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...The History of Community Nursing Community Health Nursing, originally called "Public Health Nursing" from 1900-1970, combines nursing science with public health science to formulate a community-based and population-focused practice, according to Judith Allender and Barbara Spradley in "Community Health Nursing." The overall goal is to improve the health of communities and vulnerable populations. The name "Community Health Nursing" was adopted in 1970, although "Public Health Nursing" was not abandoned, to better describe the place where the nurse practices. Read more: The History of Community Nursing | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/about_6534870_history-community-nursing.html#ixzz2A1vES5oW 1. The Beginnings * According to Mary Nies and Melanie McEwen in "Community/Public Health Nursing," modern Community Health Nursing can trace its history to London, England and New York City. In 1854-1856, London health care institutions developed "District Nursing." This referred to the community being divided into districts, each served by a nurse and social worker. In 1893, Florence Nightingale developed the idea of "Home Nursing." This idea charged the District Nurse with being a health educator as well as a nurse to the sick at home. In 1877, in New York City, the Women's Board of New York City Mission sent Francis Root into the homes of the sick. Visiting Nurse Associations emerged in Buffalo in 1885 and in Boston and Philadelphia in 1886. However, in 1893 Lillian Ward established...
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...Dennis October 11, 2010 Introduction The demand for public health nursing and community health nursing is currently on the rise. However many people do not know how to utilize the abundant amount of information and knowledge available throughout this nursing specialty. There are some people that don’t know that it exists, or they are unaware of the services that PHN provides. This paper focuses on the history of public health nursing, local public health information, the differences between public health nursing and community health nursing. As a result, the author wants the reader to be able to differentiate between the two nursing specialties. Local public health information The Memphis/Shelby County Health Department is the ideal place to find public health information in Memphis, TN. It is there that one can find information on current health facts i.e., H1N1 (symptoms and side effects) west nile virus and other illnesses, public announcements, updates, recalls, general wellness checkups, health concerns and vaccinations (for children and adults). The Memphis/Shelby County Health Department is the best place to encounter the workings of the public health nurse. In addition to the above information, The Memphis/County Health Department can provide information on encountering disasters, readiness and preparations for those disasters (MSCHD, 2010). History of Public Health Public Health is not just a thing of the past. It is a very important part of our...
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...Running head: NURSING 1 What is Nursing? Shakira Rideout Keyano College NURSING 2 What is Nursing? In this paper I will identify the fundamental concepts of nursing. In addition, I will recognize how nursing is based on the principles of Primary Health Care (PHC). Further, how the history of nursing has formed nursing today and what it means to be a professional in nursing by incorporating the code of ethics. Fundamentals of Nursing Nursing is a profession that centers on the caring for individuals, as a client, as a family, as a group and as a community so they can achieve, maintain or recover optimal health and quality of life (Burger & Goddard, 2010). I believe that the nursing role is to educate clients by the protection and promotion of general health which is congruent to The American Nurses Association (2007) which defines nursing as; the protection, promotion and optimization of health, prevention of illness, lessening of suffering through diagnoses and treatment and advocating client care for individuals, families, groups and communities (American Nurses Association, 2007). The nursing profession utilizes a system that increases client knowledge about factors that can contribute to overall health and the resources that can increase wellbeing; this is called the Nursing Process. This process is a technique used to assess and diagnose needs, plan and implement interventions, and evaluate the outcomes...
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...History of Community Nursing Matrix Past Period 1: Historical Time Period: Colonial period in America was “characterized by human existence” described by Stanhope & Lancaster (2012, p23). Nursing Role in Community: Caring for the infirmed was undertaken by the female head of the house, which meant there was no formal training caring for sick members of the household. It was also the responsibility of the female head of the household to grow and gather herbs used for healing. Major Health Issues: Yellow fever, small pox, cholera, typhoid, typhus, TB, and malaria. Poor sanitation systems, and poor control over communicable disease that entered the country through seaports made it difficult to organize and support any public health effort that could curtail the spread of sickness (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012). Partnerships Used: The colonist relied on British traditions to establish a system of caring for the sick. The Elizabeth Poor Laws “guaranteed medical care for the poor, blind, and lame. Each county or township was responsible to care for their residents” (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012, p.24). As time evolved and the American Revolution was over, the public began to understand and support the need for government sponsored boards of health and they were established. The sponsored boards collected vital statisitics, sanitation improvements, and control of communicable diseases (Stanhope &Lancaster, 2012). During the colonial period, it seemed as...
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...knowledge of the foundations and history of nursing provide a context in which to understand current practice? Identify at least three trends in nursing practice demonstrated by the interactive timeline. How have these trends influenced your perspective of nursing practice? To understand the current practice of nursing, one must understand its history. Nursing is an art. One must have a passion for it. To be a nurse, one has to be compassionate, patient and the wiliness to give. Since the beginning of history, nurses have been caring for the wounded, sick, desolate, abandoned, and the poor. From Shiphrah and Puah to Florence Nightingale and Mary Seacole, to the modern day nurse, nursing has evolved into what it is today; a professional institution. No it wasn’t easy getting there, because early on, nursing was not a glamorous profession, but through dedication and the love for humanity, nursing has become a respectfully profession. During their time, these women as well as others established formal nursing programs, conducted forensic studies and were advocates for clean and sanitary conditions for their patients. As the nursing field began to grow and develop, nursing schools were founded; professional nursing organization and public health programs were organized. From these trends came hospital based training schools, nursing licensure, and public health nursing became vital in the community. When I was growing up, the community health nurse was a lady in a white...
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...many avenues they can take to obtain a nursing degree. Determining which to take can be an arduous task when considering the age of the prospective student, traditional vs. non-traditional, parental expectations, socioeconomic status, time and distance. How does one maneuver through the decision process? “Regardless of the reasons, the system of nursing education to both gain entry into the profession as well as advance within the profession is chaotic, confusing and redundant” (Frieberg & Creasia, 2016). The history of the development of nursing as a profession offers some explanation for these various avenues to obtaining a degree, but history does not tell nurses how to overcome the dilemma of which path to take. Individual nurses must determine for themselves which educational level suites their needs. The nursing profession on the other hand has evidence to support higher education over the ease of Associate and Diploma programs. Baccalaureate Degree Program Baccalaureate degree nursing programs, also called Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) were the first avenue available to receive a nursing degree. Established in 1909, and not entirely taking off until after World War II, these “programs were five years in length and consisted of two years of general education followed by three years of nursing” (Frieberg & Creasia, 2016). Currently a BSN program is comprised of two years of general education and two years of nursing. Costs of these programs are variable....
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...Visiting home health nurses are a well-known profession and becoming more popular as time grows. The service of public health nursing was carried out on the frontier by nurses under the name of “Visiting nurse services” which were part of the late 19th century health reform out of ‘The Henry Street House’ in 1893, as discussed in the film “Nursing in America – A History of Social Reform”. They held many roles outside of nursing, those roles and missions and struggles will be discussed. The Henry Street House was opened in 1893 by Lilian Wald who established the phrase ‘public health nurse’, as discussed in the film “Nursing in America – A History of Social Reform”. She believed that bedside care should be provided to the public sick poor as well as treating the social and economic problems they faced and providing them with health education (Buhler-Wilkerson). She sent out nurses who traveled door to door to the families of the community of which they served. They were the major health educators to the people of the cities, many of whom could be considered for lack of a better work, ignorant. They knew not of the power of purpose of their own bodies, how to keep themselves healthy, or of their own sex organ functions. The messages of the public health nurse included education on child rearing, why immunizations were important, and information on sanitation and nutrition. They provided many services to the families they visited. In the beginning of public health nursing, nurses...
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...University of Phoenix Material History of Community Nursing Matrix • Complete the matrix with the following concepts, and relate the concepts to two different periods of time in history and the present time: o Describe each period briefly. o Clarify the differences during each period with public health nursing and community health nursing. o Describe the key health issues. o Identify community health partnerships used during this period of time. o Describe how Watson’s theory of human transpersonal caring is related. |Period |Historical time |Nursing role in |Major health issues |Partnerships used |Watson’s theory | | |period |community | | | | |Past period 2 |1900’s |In this era nurses were |Influx of people coming |This is the era of |Cultivation of one’s | | | |recognized as a |to America lead to a |acceptance when |own spiritual practices| | | |profession and education|decrease in sanitation |partnerships and |and transpersonal self,| | | |moved from the hospital |and resources. Increase|acceptance of all races |going beyond the ego | | | |to the university...
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...Public Health Layers NUR 408 April 23, 2012 Deborah Nallo Public Health Layers The focus of Public Health continues to shift with time because of various social, economic, and political forces. Exploring the public health layers of history in the Los Angeles County, State of California, and the United States, and a comparison between public and community health nursing is the beginning to increasing our knowledge toward resources available. The history of public health in the county of Los Angeles, California, was established in 1903 when the Board of Supervisors passed an ordinance for the provision of a county health department (Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, 2012). It became a freestanding department in 2006 when it separated from the Department of Health Services. They provide 39 programs, 14 public health centers, and four area health offices in the county of Los Angeles only. Types of services provided are grading restaurants and food markets, inspecting hospitals and nursing homes, monitoring ocean water and providing services through public health centers (Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, 2012). Public health nurses help with preparing residents of Los Angeles for emergencies, providing laboratory services to identify disease, and the collection and analysis of data on the health of the community. Los Angeles County Department of Public health updates the residents regarding the changes with the environment after the recent damage...
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...University of Phoenix Material History of Community Nursing Matrix Complete the matrix with the following concepts, and relate the concepts to two different periods of time in history and the present time: • Describe each period briefly. • Clarify the differences during each period with public health nursing and community health nursing. • Describe the key health issues. • Identify community health partnerships used during this period of time. • Describe how Watson’s Theory of Human Transpersonal Caring is related. | |Historical time |Nursing role in |Major health issues |Partnerships used |Watson’s theory | | |period |community | | | | |Past period 1 |Colonial period |Nursing care was |-Poor sanitation |Early colonial public |A nurse is able to detect | | |America |informal and was |-Small Pox |health effort included the |the other person’s condition| | |1600-1700 |provided by household |-Yellow Fever |collection of vital |of being (Watson, 1995). The| | | |women. They were |-Cholera |statistic, improved |theory relates to this era | | | |responsible for taking |-Typhoid...
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...COMPARISON OF PUBLIC AND COMMUNITY HEALTH Comparison of Public and Community Health University of Phoenix NUR/408 Michelle Hogsed July 7, 2014 . Comparison of Public and Community Health Public and community health work simultaneously as well as separately to protect the populations of the world. Public health focuses on the health of an entire nation and community health focuses on health and wellness of various communities. The World Health Organization (WHO) believes that the primary health care setting within communities should be the first point of contact when looking at the health of the world (2014). This paper will research information about county, state, and national public health resources, describe the history of public health, discuss the differences between public and community health. Information about county, state, and national public resources County, state, and national resources play an important role in the resources available to the public health system. It is crucial for these agencies to work together for all areas to have access to the resources, financial, and personnel, and to address the health of populations (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012). Resources at the national level operate under the supervision of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS). The USDHHS supervises the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), the Center...
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...Running head: COMPARISON PAPER Comparison Paper Epidemiology: Global and Public Health NUR408 October 11, 2009 Comparison Paper Public and community health nursing are specialty areas that have been and will continue to be practiced and each having a specific area of focus. Research has indicated that many individuals tend to see each entity as one and have a misconception that public and community nursing is one in the same (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008). The misconception is just that, a misconception. In the reading to follow, each area will discussed and one will be able to see the similarities and differences, the history and development and the role that is expected from each area of expertise. Although each specialty works within its main area of focus, the two also work closely together for the good of the individuals within the public and community sectors. Community and public health nurses strive to improve the health status of individuals, families, and populations. History and Development Public health and community health nursing has been in circulation for more than 120 years. Lillian Wald is known for being the established leader in this specialty. The goal of public health nursing has been to develop strategies to respond to prevailing public health problems. One of the earliest traditions of public health in America was similar to the British law known as the, Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601 (Stanhope & Lancaster). This law guaranteed...
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...Due Date: Aug 24, 2014 23:59:59 Max Points: 150 Details: In this assignment, you will be completing a comprehensive health screening and history on a young adult. To complete this assignment, do the following: Select an adolescent or young adult client on whom to perform a health screening and history. Students who do not work in an acute setting may "practice" these skills with a patient, community member, neighbor, friend, colleague, or loved one. Complete the "Health History and Screening of an Adolescent or Young Adult Client" worksheet. Format the write-up in a manner that is easily read, computer-generated, neat, and without spelling errors. Complete the assignment as outlined on the worksheet, including: 1. Biographical Data 2. Past Health History 3. Family History: Obstetrics History (if applicable) and Well Young Adult Behavioral Health History Screening 4. Review of Systems 5. Include all components of the health history 6. Use correct acronyms or abbreviations when indicated 7. Develop three Nursing Diagnoses for this client based on the health history and screening. Include: one actual nursing diagnosis, one wellness nursing diagnosis, one "Risk For" nursing diagnosis, and your rationale for the choice of each nursing diagnosis for this client. While APA format is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected and in-text citations and references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines,...
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...Comparison on Public Health and Community Health. Shelly Shew NUR/408 October 29, 2012 Kim Oatman Comparison on Public Health and Community Health Nursing. This paper will reflect the history of public health and significant events related to these agencies. The difference between public and community health will be acknowledged. Also information included on county, state, and national public health resources. There has been measurable growth and expansion over the years in regard to public health and its creation. Identification of Public health goes as far back as the 14th century. Towns and cities created a system known as quarantine to deter the bubonic plague (Black Death). Travelers and merchandise from places known to carry infections put in isolation. This procedure was in use until the 19th century to protect the public from the smallpox, syphilis, and cholera epidemics. Public health established services in 1798 as the Marine Hospital Service. This came about by early efforts of the federal government to provide health care to merchant seamen, protecting seaport cities from epidemics. In 1813 charitable services started by the Ladies Benevolent Society of Charleston, South Carolina, health care to the sick and poor. Another step toward the improvement of public health was the creation of the American Medical Association in 1847. Shortly after their existence this group formed a hygiene committee to conduct sanitary surveys and to develop a system to collect...
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