...popular preacher and churchman of high rank in his order, the Dominicans. However, Meister Eckhart was the only theologian of the medieval period to be formally charged with heresy. The shock of his trial for heresy and the condemnation of some of his work by Pope John XXII in Argo Dominco has cast a shadow over his reputation and a lingering suspicion over his orthodoxy that has lasted to this day. This research paper will focus on the intellectual and social history of Meister Eckhart. The development in thought of any theologian emerges from the life world of the theologian. [4] The life world is formed by the meeting of the cultural, social, and religious history of the day. Theologians are continually searching for new and meaningful ways to interpret religious experience. Meister Eckhart interpreted the religious experience of his day in a way that no others at the time did. I will explore in this paper some of the intellectual forces at work at the time and how he interpreted and connected with these. Secondly, it is important to understand the social history of the time. No theologians' thought is ever formed by simply offering commentary on previous thinkers. As a preacher Meister Eckhart would certainly have been aware of the needs and various expressions of the community. I will explore some of the religious social movements that emerged from the life world of the era, particularly the Beguine movement and Eckhart's affinity with it. There is little doubt that Meister...
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...Name: Zhihao J. Date: 03/23/2014 Class: HIST 119 Primary Source Analysis on The Salt Merchant’s Wife 1.) Bo Ju-Yi is one of the many famous poets in the Tang dynasty. He presents his poems in a variety of style. More specifically, he mostly addresses social and political issues that are unjust to ordinary people. In this particular poem, he addresses the issue of merchants gaining too much profits that the government can’t obtain enough taxes revenue. 2.) This poem expresses excessive richness of a merchant through a third person’s perspective --- his wife. By doing so, the merchant’s wealth is more emphasized here because not only can he live a luxury life but his wife also can. I personally believe that the narrator is the author Bo Ju-Yi because he is criticizing the way that merchants gain too much money and also challenges the social problem that a person can obtain wealth easily without working hard. 3a.) According to the basic ideas of the poem, the audiences might be intended to be the scholar officials who want to challenge the social problem that the merchants on the bottom of the social classes gain too much profits without any kinds of production while the educated scholar officials on the top of the social classes gain much less profit. The merchant’s wife is mentioned several times throughout the poem. She does absolutely nothing and yet is able to live a much better life than the scholar officials can thanks to her wealthy merchant husband. The contrast...
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...“Famine, Affluence, and Morality” Kala Butts PHI208 Megan McLaughlin July 22, 2013 “Famine, Affluence, and Morality” by Peter Singer talks about over in Bengal, they are having some issues with the food, shelter and medical care for the people. He says that “a civil war have turned at least nine million people into destitute refuges”. He is upset that other nations have enough money and is just sitting back watching this happen to Bengal instead of giving money to help out with the food, shelter and medical expenses for these people. He states “the decisions and actions of human begins can prevent this kind of suffering”. What he is saying is that there is no reason that people should be going hungry or be without shelter or medicine when there are other wealthy nations that can help out in a time of need. To me, this would be the right thing to do, help out someone in need. The Bible talks about how we should love the neighbor as we love our self which, to me, means if I see someone who is in need then I should be my best to try to help that person as I would help myself. There are a lot of people out there that would say “I have to have food and a place to stay for my family too” and this is every true but you have to turn the table and see how you would feel if you were in the same boat. There are many organizations that have a fund set aside just for helping others in need. I know that I may self don’t have enough money to give a donation...
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...The American civilization and the African civilization are unique and powerful. While the African civilization and the American civilization have similarities like their reasons for decline and role of religion, they also have differences like their role of women and contact with other cultures. Mali, an African society, and Inca, an American society, had the same reasons for decline. Mali’s emperor and Inca’s king both dies and both of their sons could not keep the empires together. The African and American societies are different people would think but they are very similar. Religion is very important, but even when different societies believe in the same or are polytheistic or monotheistic they don't all do the same activities. Both African and American societies were both polytheistic. Shintoism is polytheistic like the American and African civilizations once were. African civilizations converted to Islam while the American civilizations stayed polytheistic. The African civilizations turned to monotheism like buddhism. Religion is very important and even though civilizations believe in the same god does not mean they can not convert to another religion or perform their beliefs in a different way. Women were not treated with the most respect. Both American and African civilizations treated women with respect but they were still considered lower than a man. Women can be educated in both African and American civilizations but women could also became a priestess. In...
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...October 15, 2009 1.) A: “One is that Germany was too "green" for a slash-and-burn outfit like Wal-mart, with its plastic bags and plastic junk Another is that Wal-mart couldn't hack the pro-labor union culture of Germany. Another is that Germany is anti-American when it comes to name-brand retailers (even though Dunkin' Donuts and Starbucks are popular there).” B: Wal-mart failed because of their lack of knowledge, of foreign countries. In order for Wal-mart to have a successful business over seas, is to do research about the particular country that they want their cultural business to be located. “There are many reasons why Wal- Mart’s business model failed in Germany, such as Cultural attitudes, Customer Service, and Cultural arrogance all contributed to what one economist referred to as a failure. But under these basic economic decisions were a host of basic cross- cultural mistakes that fuelled the company’s poor strategic planning.” They had the right idea on how to approach Germany, but they didn‘t do their research on the country it‘s self. “Wal-Mart failed to take into account Germany’s cultural attitudes, especially with regard to such matters as labor law and the role of unions.” Wal-mart’s guide lines are focusing on just the company and not about the different countries values. “Wal-Mart also runs afoul of requirements that workers‟ representatives be consulted before introducing changes in working conditions.” If Wal-mart would have did more research on...
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...Charles H. Rhodes HISTORY 1301 Pollard “THE LINCOLN-DOUGLAS DEBATES” The Lincoln-Douglas debates played a significant role in the coming of the Civil war. The driving force to this national tragedy, the abolishment of slavery, was debated here. The candidate, Stephen A. Douglas, chose to take his stance on “pro-slavery”. As a natural reaction to his decision, Abraham Lincoln became viewed as an abolitionist. The future president of the Union would be decided in this debate. The winner’s stance on slavery would then tear our nation apart. Stephen A. Douglas’ strategy in these debates was simple. He wanted the people to believe that Abraham Lincoln was an abolitionist. He wanted the voters to think that Lincoln wanted racial equality for blacks and whites. As I read the truth in the text I found it interesting, the presumed cause of the war came down to a political platform. I also was astonished to read that these two men’s real opinion on the topic of slavery and equal rights for both races was in fact not really that different. Abraham Lincoln was forced to counter attack Douglas in these debates. His choice was to make Douglas look like he was pro-slavery. He made the voters think that Douglas believed “slavery is an unqualified evil to the negro, to the white man, and to the soil, and to the state.” Lincoln also wanted the voters to think of Douglas as an immoral man by saying Douglas “is blowing out the moral lights around us, when he contends...
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...12 Years a Slave | Dr. Autry | Khristopher Foreman | It was a Friday night at the Lockhart where they had Black Film Festival, where they were showing the movie “12 Years a Slave”. They were serving free popcorn and a soda for the first 100 people. They showed the movie on this gigantic screen with surround sound. The movie was about a black man in the 1840’s named Solomon Northup, who lives as a free man in Saratoga, New York with his wife and two children. He earns a living as a violinist, on what he believes will be an out of town music gig. He is instead drugged and sold into slavery in the Deep South under the name Platt as that is for whom the slave trader has papers. Initially, incredulous to his plight, he decides that cooperation is the best way to survive. He sees few others in the same situation as him, but slowly he is separated from those with who he has built support. This process continues over his life as a slave, as he is at the mercy of whomever his master at the time and his master's associates who work on their own priorities. He finds that cooperation generally gets one nowhere and sometimes can get one into further trouble due to jealousy. At times, he cannot take the emotional abuse, his actions which lead to physical abuse. There are also times where he thinks he can trust someone to get himself out of his plight only to be turned upon instead. But as bad as his situation is, he finds that others are in much more dire straits, they will do anything...
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...Roul Perry American History 11 Professor: Dr. Cahill 27, January 2016 The President Who Transformed the Federal Government The history of a man is defined by his actions and his actions by the choices that he makes. What if by our choices, we could potentially change the destiny of our lives and our country? Such was the legacy of President Theodore Roosevelt. At age 42, President Roosevelt became the youngest man to assume the U.S. presidency after the assassination of President William McKinley in 1901. He became one of the world’s greatest leaders and was responsible for revolutionizing the power and authority of the presidential office. He was best known by his visionary leadership and influences which help to set the country on a path to prosperity and growth and also brought about social and economic changes that ushered our country into the 20th Century. Additionally, President Roosevelt used his influence and the authority of his presidency to transform the role and responsibilities of the federal government making him hated among his peers, but yet, a hero among the American people. Although President Theodore Roosevelt was a man of many accomplishments, he was praised for transforming the roles and responsibilities of the federal government by accomplishing the following; his “conservation effort in protecting public lands, his reinvention of stronger foreign and domestic policies, and establishment of the Pure Food and Drug Acts. Perhaps, one of the reasons...
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...The U.S Constitution was established by the America's national government which was made to garuntee certain rights for the citizens. It was etablished for the common good in all people. The Constition was signed on September 17,1787, by delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, presided over by George Washington. The document had a lot of work and editing to be done to it before it could effective. The Articles of Confederation and the Constitution had a lot of simularities. One would be that they were both laws of the United States. The differences were what each document presented and all the flaws that needed to be fixed or removed from the document. The Constitution had to address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, the complaints that were in the Declaration of Independence, then it had to make a decision on the Great Compromise.The Articles of Confederation was ratified in 1781 and in 1789 it was replaced be the Constitution of the United States. One of the main reasons it was replaced because of such strong need for a federal government. At the 1787 convention delegates pushed for a federal government with three branches which included executive, legislative, and judicial. Along with the branches they wanted to make sure to have system checks so no branch gained more power then the others.The Articles of Confederation were considered to be weak. Some of the reasons included that it allowed only one vote per state, didnt give Congress any...
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...® page 1 of 4 THE LANGUAGE ARTS MAGAZINE Name: ________________________________________________________ Date: ______________ Glossary of literary terms alliteration (uh-lih-tuh-RaY-shuhn): When two or more words in a group of words begin with the frozen french fries. see also: figurative language. Uses: Copy maChine, opaqUe projeCtor, or transparenCy master for overhead projeCtor. sCholastiC inC. grants sUbsCribers of sCholastiC sCope permission to reprodUCe this page for Use in their Classrooms. Copyright ©2012 by sCholastiC inC. all rights reserved. same sound (usually, the same letter or group of letters). for example: Anne’s awesome apple; Fred’s antagonist (an-taG-uh-nist): the opponent or enemy of the main character, or protagonist. see also: protagonist. aside (uh-SahYd): Words spoken to the audience by a character in a drama that are not supposed to be heard by the other characters onstage. an aside is usually used to let the audience know what a character is thinking. characterization (kar-ik-ter-uh-zaY-shun): the means through which an author reveals a character’s personality. Characterization may be direct or indirect. in direct characterization, the writer or a narrator tells the reader what the character is like: “ben was a quiet, serious boy.” in indirect characterization, the author shows the reader or audience member what the character is like through (1) how the character looks, (2) what the character does, (3) what the character...
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...Christina Briden In the southern colonies of the United States, slavery was fundamentally about the buying and selling of African American and indentured servants on the slave market. Slave owners are the main consumers in the marketplace. The market culture shaped personal identities of Southern whites through their ownership of human property. In Soul by Soul: Making a World Out of Slaves, Walter Johnson argues that white people’s “selves were built out of slaves” (p. 115). The slave market motivated the self-definition of Southern whites and was based in fantasy, much like paternalism itself. In the 1830s, slavery was primarily in the south. African Americans were enslaved on farms, plantations, in towns and homes and on the fields. Soul by Soul talks about life inside the trade market, including the buying, selling, and returning of slaves. People including traders and doctors went through the trade market to purchase and sell slaves. The book focuses mostly on how slaves were dehumanized, broken into categories, and how terrible slavery was for them. This part of slavery, (trade markets) which is usually overlooked, basically sums up how life on the plantation was like. Life of a slave started at birth, and slave life may now start from a rupture in the market. In his book, Johnson gives us a point of view from the slaves’ perspective. We discover that the slaves try to shape their future in that they were allowed to communicate with others around them (p.69). Slaves...
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...Bismarck was more successful at unifying Germany in the years 1848 – 1849 than the revolutionaries because Bismarck was the chief architect of the German unification, and he had Prussian support and the Prussian army. The revolutionaries were divided and had different aims for Germany. The revolutionaries were deeply divided over the national question; should Germany be unified or not? They were also divided on social issues and constitutional grounds. The revolutionaries also had disputes over religious, regional and class divisions. However, all these issues helped Bismarck succeed because while the revolutionaries could not meet an agreement, this meant that he was gaining more support. Bismarck wanted German unification, without Austria being part of it and with Prussian domination. Bismarck achieved this using the Prussia, which was the economically and by army the strongest area part of the German Confederation. German unification was the immediate result of three short wars; against Denmark in 1864, against Austria in 1864 and France in 1870 – 1871. The Prussian army played a large role in these three wars which brought German unification. The power in the German Confederation lay in the middle classes and nobility, and a strong liberal idea was increasing between the middle class and the nobility. However, the revolutionaries were divided because every single of the thirty-nine states which made up the German Confederation had their own interest and own will of being in...
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...Purpose and History Paper Purpose and History Paper For at least a century, Prisons have always been a part of society. For many decades, penitentiaries have been embedded into our society as form of rehabilitation; or in some cases, a form of order and public safety. Throughout history, penitentiaries had evolved steadily; however, some may say that these facilities have evolved into something that was never intended. With that being said, let’s explore how penitentiaries were originated. Today, Prisons are recognized as a ‘method” of corrections, as well as, a form of deterrence; however, this wasn’t the case many years ago. During the early 1600s, prisons were known as jails. These jails were recognized as temporary rehabilitation facilities for just minor offenders (National Institute of Corrections, 1986). These jail facilities instituted punishments in the forms of shackles, lashings, and hard labor on the minor offenders. Even though these facilities were known to be a huge success, they were still primarily for minor offenders. Serious offenders were still tortured, mutilated, deported, and even executed (Smith, 2006, Chapter 4). During the 1700’s, Europe & North American jails weren't so organized. Jail and workhouse administrators were allowed to anything that they wanted with their inmates. The government was very lenient. Inmates were permitted by jail keepers to do anything they pleased. Inmates were permitted to make up their own rules. While there...
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...assurance Professor: SCORTAR LUCIA-MONICA Toilet Paper Student: Gabriel Ionescu Ovidiu Contents Introduction 3 The history of toilet paper 3 Demands of the market 4 Design and Metrology 4 Raw materials 5 Manufacturing, Labeling and Packing 5 Bibliography 6 Introduction In our busy life, we tend to use some products so frequent that we can’t imagine life without them. How many of you think that you can live without water, not only for drinking purposes, but also for washing. How many of you think that you can live without food? How many of you think that you can live without clothes? The list can go on with phones, internet connection, cars etc. I think one of the objects that we don’t even think about, but in the same time we use it daily, is Toilet Paper. Was toilet paper on your list before? What about now? Do you think you can live without it? I don’t think so. Therefore, if toilet paper is such an important product, let’s find out some more information about it. The history of toilet paper Most of us think that toilet paper was invented a long, long time ago, but in fact the role of paper that we have today, was designed just in 1857 by Joseph Gayetty. Of course the idea of using paper for cleaning purposes was developed a long time ago. Although the use of paper as wrapping and padding material dates back to the 2nd century BC, the first documented use of toilet paper in human history was dated back to 6th century AD. In 589, the scholar-official...
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...ce historyRunning Head: Police History Paper Title Page: Police History Paper Ruby Riley Instructor: Miriam Moore University of Phoenix Abstract: 1). Describe the impact of Sir Robert Peel on American policing. 2). Analyze the relationship between the U.S. Government and the policing organizations throughout the United States. 3). Explain how this relationship may affect Police Practices. 1. Describe the impact of Sir Robert Peel on American policing? - The English statesman Sir Robert Peel (1788-1850) served as prime minister during 1834-1835 and 1841-1846. He played an important role in modernizing the British government’s social and economic and sponsored the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846. Sir Roberts Peel was in the great tradition of the 19th-century administrative reformers. Though not a doctrinaire, he drew on the most advanced thinking of his day in his reform of British criminal law, the prisons, the police, and fiscal and economic policies. By making government a positive instrument in social reform and by his pragmatic approach to social and political problems, Peel also made an important contribution to shaping the philosophy of the modern conservative party. Despite the fact that his repeal of the Corn Laws broke his party, Peelite traditions lingered on. Peelites such as William Gladstone also carried these traditions into the Liberal party. Sir Roberts and his efforts have lasted through out times, trials, and many difficulties in Sir Roberts Peel’s...
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