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History of Research

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This assignment traces the history of Human Resource Management from the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century to present times.
The assignment discusses key periods and movements in this field and expands on their contribution to modern Human Resource Management.
Human Resource
Management can be described as "The comprehensive set of managerial activities and tasks concerned with developing and maintaining a qualified workforce - human resources - in ways that contribute to organisational effectiveness." (DeNisi and Griffin)

A HISTORICAL REVIEW.
The Industrial Revolution.

The momentum for the industrial revolution grew through the 17th century. Agricultural methods were continually improving, creating surpluses that were used for trade. In addition, technical advances were also occurring, for example the Spinning Jenny and the Steam Engine. These advances created a need for improved work methods, productivity and quality that led to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.
Adam Smith.
In 1776, Adam Smith wrote about the economic advantages of the division of labour in his work The Wealth of Nations. Smith (1776) proposed that work could be made more efficient through specialisation and he suggested that work should be broken down into simple tasks. From this division he saw three advantages:
- the development of skills
- time saving
- the possibility of using specialised tools.
Smith's suggestions led to many changes in manufacturing processes.Every individual necessarily labours to render the annual revenue of the society as great as he can. He generally, indeed, neither intends to promote the public interest, nor knows how much he is promoting it.

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