...However, this paper will be discussing the media campaign on HIV/AIDS. The word AIDS is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus called HIV. However, this particular disease can damage your immune system and HIV interferes with your body’s ability to fight the organisms that cause disease. On the other hand, this paper will show the campaign description in a very clear and organize way in which will give a brief view on the facts of the campaign surrounding. Furthermore, this paper will be discussing on the research and analysis of the strength and weaknesses of the media campaign on HIV/AIDS and also what are the success and failure in and out of that particular campaign. This part is essential because it provide a lot useful information on the media campaign on HIV/AIDS. In addition, the last part of this paper will consist the conclusion and recommendation of the campaign on HIV/AIDS. The part conclusion is basically the sum up of all of this paper on media campaign from introduction to research analysis and when comes to recommendation is where this paper will discuss on how will we able to improve on the campaign in the future in the sense of goals, strategies or even tactics. (G. Pirozz, 2013) 2. Campaign Description HIV and AIDS is one of the biggest challenges we face as a country. The rate of the infection is rapidly increasing and more and more people are getting ill and dying from AIDS. Furthermore, AIDS affects millions...
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...HIV Mandatory Testing for Pregnant Women HIV is an important issue among the world, and it has attracted a lot of people’s attention. Besides, it also bring a lot of problems to the society. Nowadays, many people debate that should pregnant women take HIV mandatory testing. It means whether or not every female should take HIV mandatory testing when they are pregnant, and it is forced for them. Many people support that because they think taking HIV mandatory testing can reduce the rate of HIV infection for newborn, and many people disagree that because they think that would be disrespectful behavior for female’s privacy. In the book “HIV Testing and Counselling in Prisons and Other Closed Settings: Technical Paper”, the author stated “WHO [] estimates that only about 10 percent of persons living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries know their HIV status (WHO/UNAIDS, 2007). In many of these countries, access to HIV testing remains limited. Many high-income countries also estimate that a significant number of people living with HIV are not aware of their HIV status (OSI, 2007)”. It means that fewer people know their HIV condition, and they have low recognition to care about HIV. In addition, most people do not pay much attention to HIV problems in the society, and it would be a large risk for newborn HIV transmission. Faced with this condition, people would like to take some actions to release this terrible condition, and they want to find some methods to solve this problem...
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...IN BOTSWANA AND SOUTHERN AFRICA (ECO 463) | HIGH HIV/AIDS PREVALENCE RATE IS ADVERSELY AFFECTING PROSPECTS OF ECONOMIC GROWTHIN BOTSWANA.DISCUSS | TEAM LEADER: GABRIEL CHITULA 201101850CONTACT NUMBER:+267 71 430 952EMAIL ADDRESS:GABRIEL.C.JUNIOR@GMAILCOMOTHER GROUP MEMBERSTSHEGOFATSO L DIBUILE201200993NICOLA B MAKATI201105383 | | | | 11/16/2015 | TABLE OF CONTENT Table of content ………………………………………………………….. 1 Abstract…………………………………………………………………… 2 Introduction……………………………………………………………….. 3 Impacts of HIV on households……………………………………………. 4 Impact of HIV on Firms and Business………………………….. 6 Impact of HIV at Macroeconomic Level………………………… 7 Conclusion……………………………………………………… 10 Reference ……………………………………………………… 11 ABSTRACT This paper provides an overview of how the high HIV/AIDS prevalence rate adversely affects the economic growth of Botswana. HIV/AIDS is a growing problem in Botswana as the country has the second highest HIV/AIDS infection rate in the world. There are different sectors in the economy which can be affected by HIV/AIDS namely; the household, the firm and the macro economy. This paper will look at the various components affecting these sectors and explain what impact they have on Botswana s economy. INTRODUCTION In light of recent studies, that establish a direct correlation between health and development, it brings about the question of how much the epidemic of HIV and AIDS- which has been haunting the nation for decades, has...
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...10 Combination HIV Prevention: Tailoring and Coordinating Biomedical, Behavioural and Structural Strategies to Reduce New HIV Infections A UNAIDS Discussion Paper UNAIDS – JC2007 (English original, September 2010) © Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 2010. All rights reserved. Publications produced by UNAIDS can be obtained from the UNAIDS Content Management Team. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate UNAIDS publications—whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution— should also be addressed to the Content Management Team at the address below, or by fax, at +41 22 791 4835, or e-mail: publicationpermissions@unaids.org. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNAIDS concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by UNAIDS in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by UNAIDS to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any...
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...IN BOTSWANA AND SOUTHERN AFRICA (ECO 463) | HIGH HIV/AIDS PREVALENCE RATE IS ADVERSELY AFFECTING PROSPECTS OF ECONOMIC GROWTHIN BOTSWANA.DISCUSS | TEAM LEADER: GABRIEL CHITULA 201101850CONTACT NUMBER:+267 71 430 952EMAIL ADDRESS:GABRIEL.C.JUNIOR@GMAILCOMOTHER GROUP MEMBERSTSHEGOFATSO L DIBUILE201200993NICOLA B MAKATI201105383 | | | | 11/16/2015 | TABLE OF CONTENT Table of content ………………………………………………………….. 1 Abstract…………………………………………………………………… 2 Introduction……………………………………………………………….. 3 Impacts of HIV on households……………………………………………. 4 Impact of HIV on Firms and Business………………………….. 6 Impact of HIV at Macroeconomic Level………………………… 7 Conclusion……………………………………………………… 10 Reference ……………………………………………………… 11 ABSTRACT This paper provides an overview of how the high HIV/AIDS prevalence rate adversely affects the economic growth of Botswana. HIV/AIDS is a growing problem in Botswana as the country has the second highest HIV/AIDS infection rate in the world. There are different sectors in the economy which can be affected by HIV/AIDS namely; the household, the firm and the macro economy. This paper will look at the various components affecting these sectors and explain what impact they have on Botswana s economy. INTRODUCTION In light of recent studies, that establish a direct correlation between health and development, it brings about the question of how much the epidemic of HIV and AIDS- which has been haunting the nation for decades, has...
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...Demographic Paper Demographic Paper The patients living with AIDs in America at this current time is currently around one point two million people. And a fifth of these are unaware that they have this infection. Early on in the United States the normal affected persons with this disease was men who have same sex partners, and those who used drugs and needles. But in today’s society AIDs has become more serious in the Black American and Hispanic/Latino population. Today many are still affected directly like thousands of gay and bisexual men and others injecting drug users daily. Many of the poor Americans are more likely to be affected with this disease. Within this population the homosexual poor males are more likely to become affected because of the lack of disease control and preventative contraception. The federal budget for spending on domestic HIV epidemic has risen many AIDs organizations have become mobile to help with testing and treatment. On average an AIDs patient annual health care cost is around twenty thousand dollars. The sicker the AIDs patient the higher the cost of care. Patients with low CD4 cell count average around forty four thousand year in health care coverage and at home care. This total is in medical supplies as well. The prescriptions are included in the amount of health care coverage costs yearly as well. This is an expensive disease and there are so many ways to prevent one from contracting it. But it is still an epidemic in America. There...
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...Demographic Paper Demographic Paper The patients living with AIDs in America at this current time is currently around one point two million people. And a fifth of these are unaware that they have this infection. Early on in the United States the normal affected persons with this disease was men who have same sex partners, and those who used drugs and needles. But in today’s society AIDs has become more serious in the Black American and Hispanic/Latino population. Today many are still affected directly like thousands of gay and bisexual men and others injecting drug users daily. Many of the poor Americans are more likely to be affected with this disease. Within this population the homosexual poor males are more likely to become affected because of the lack of disease control and preventative contraception. The federal budget for spending on domestic HIV epidemic has risen many AIDs organizations have become mobile to help with testing and treatment. On average an AIDs patient annual health care cost is around twenty thousand dollars. The sicker the AIDs patient the higher the cost of care. Patients with low CD4 cell count average around forty four thousand year in health care coverage and at home care. This total is in medical supplies as well. The prescriptions are included in the amount of health care coverage costs yearly as well. This is an expensive disease and there are so many ways to prevent one from contracting it. But it is still an epidemic in America. There...
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...Influence of Social Factors on the Course of HIV/AIDS An estimated 34.2 million people are infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) worldwide (http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/statistics.html). Currently there is no cure for HIV or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS); however, a combination of medication and good mental health may treat the disease (http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/hivaids/understanding/treatment/pages/default.aspx; http://aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/staying-healthy-with-hiv-aids/taking-care-of-yourself/mental-health/). Most of the individuals who are infected with HIV/AIDS experience depression and an increase in life stressors. However, positive social support and disclosure of HIV/AIDS status decreases stress, leading to better mental health (Hays, Turner, & Coates, 1992; Turner-Cobb et al., 2002). The major at-risk groups for HIV/AIDS are adolescents, gays, bisexuals, injected drug users, and minority women (Taylor & Sirois, 2011). In this paper, the influence of social factors on the course of HIV/AIDS is investigated. It is hypothesized that the influence of social support, such as emotional (receiving emotional comfort), informational (receiving information or advice on personal issues), and practical (counting on others for help) on mental health will mitigate the course and experience of HIV. Five empirical studies are explored in an attempt to demonstrate and support the hypothesis. In a research article by Hay, Turner and...
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...the Ethics of AIDS Vaccines Administration without Knowledge of Long-Term Side Effects? Debate on the Ethics of AIDS Vaccines Administration without Knowledge of Long-Term Side Effects? I. Introduction (Jessica and Chrystal) A. Why this topic is important? i. AIDS is a pandemic ii. B. Implications i. AIDS vaccine could potentially save billions of lives ii. . C. Objectives of the assignment. i. Identify a health care ethical issue ii. Present facts in an outline format. iii. Describe the pros and cons of the issue including an analysis. iv. Follow APA 6th formatting. II. Literature Review A. Review of the key articles on this topic (5 per team member). i. HIV/AIDS- Ethical/Legal Issues (Arora & Arora, 2009). This article … ii. AIDS Vaccines and Reproductive Immunology (Bourinbaiar, Jirathitikal, Silin, Nian-Qing & Abulafia-Lapid, 2007). This article… iii. Correlates of negative intent to receive an AIDS vaccine: an exploratory study (Crosby, Holtgrave, Bryant, & Frew, 2004). iv. AIDS Care (AIDS CARE), Dhalla S; Nelson KE; Singer J; Poole G. (2009). This article describe how developing an HIV vaccines may contribute to participants better follow-ups and may improve the patient’s knowledge and education regarding HIV/AIDS. v. Development of an AIDS vaccine: perspective...
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...What changes in the environment made it possible to consider the launch of an OTC Aids Test? Be specific. In order to understand what made possible to consider the launch of an OTC Aids Test, we should focus on major changes in the environment, meaning the proliferation of the virus, followed by the development of a global concern about HIV and AIDS, the consequent changes in public perception of the disease and, of course, technological progresses. Once associated with a cluster of injecting drug users and homosexual (marginalized social groups), AIDS was progressively becoming epidemic, spreading among high-risk groups to virtually all over the world. In 2005, the WHO revealed there were an estimated 40.3 million people in the world living with HIV or AIDS and every year, millions of new infections and deaths from AIDS were reported. Information about risky behaviors was disseminated in schools, universities and other social spheres, and developed a certain awareness and consciousness that would be a first-step towards avoiding infection and transmission of the disease. Gradually striving for greater empowerment in their healthcare decisions, consumers should have been more and more aware of their choices and started getting access to better information and medical assistance. During the last decades, medical research has made significant progress in HIV prognosis and slowing progression of a disease, for which is there is still no cure or effective vaccine. Hence, public...
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...infected with HIV, 14% of them being unaware of their infection. As of 2010, those most severely affected by the virus include men who have sex with men, accounting for 78% of new HIV infections in men. Since the epidemic began in the early 1980’s, 306,885 MSM diagnosed with AIDS have died, 5.302 of the individuals accounted for in 2011. Women account for 84% of new HIV infections as a result of heterosexual sex, with a mortality rate of 3,516 in 2011 and 89,683 since the epidemic began. Overall, the percentage of newly infected women has significantly decreased by 21%, going from 12,000 to 9,500 women. The other 16% of new infections in women occur as a result of injection drug use, with an estimated mortality rate of 3,723 in 2011. In both newly diagnosed men and women combined, blacks/African Americans account for 44% of cases, with an estimated 1 in 16 black men and 1 in 32 black women acquiring the disease at some point in their lifetime. Hispanics/Latinos also make up a high percentage of newly infected individuals with an estimated 20% of cases reported in 2011. In comparison to white males and females, Latino males are 2.9 times more likely to acquire the virus and Latinas 4.2 times more likely. In 2011, 2,310 Hispanics/Latinos died as a result of AIDS, with an overall 99,281 recorded deaths since the epidemic began (aids.gov, “HIV In The United States: At A Glance”, 2014). Since the first cases of HIV were reported in 1981, 39 million people have died of AIDS-related causes...
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...Journal of AIDS and HIV Research Vol. 4(5), pp. 113-120, May 2012 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/JAHR DOI: 10.5897/JAHR11.019 ISSN 2141-2359 ©2012 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Disclosure of information by patients about HIV/AIDS infection in Northeastern Thailand Jaruwan Kownaklai1*, Darunee Rujkorakarn2, Weena Tanwattananon3 and Phoebe D. Williams4 1 Faculty of Nursing, Division of Family Nursing, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand, 44150. 2 Faculty of Nursing, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand, 44150. 3 Infection Clinic, Roi Et Hospital, Roi Et Province, Thailand, 45000. 4 University of Kansas School of Nursing, Kansas City, Kansas, USA, 66160. Accepted 6 July, 2011 Few studies have focused on the processes in which patients reveal their HIV infection to others. This study sought to understand these processes. Thus, the research questions were: (a) What were their thoughts about the moment when patients learned that they were infected? (b) To whom and when did patients disclose that they were infected? (c) How did they disclose the information? (d) How much or what information did they disclose, and what were the reactions of those who were informed? (e) Why did they reveal the information? The descriptive study was done using a convenience sample of 45 patients with HIV/AIDS at a hospital clinic in northeastern Thailand. The results showed that 67% told a family member, usually their mother, within...
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...and Testing Campaign in the Ga-Motupa Community in Limpopo Mushwana Sipho Simeon An assignment submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Philosophy (HIV & AIDS Management) at the University of Stellenbosch Africa Centre for HIV &AIDS Management Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences Supervisor: Gary Eva March 2011 Declaration I hereby declare that the entire work contained in this document is my original work and I have not previously submitted the same work to the same or another institution for another qualification. All sources used are herein acknowledged and referenced. Date: 22 January 2011 Copyright©2011 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved Abstract The National Department of Health and The South African National AIDS Council (SANAC) jointly agreed to launch a massive campaign for HIV Counselling and Testing. The campaign was launched as an effort to step up and supplement and modify the programmes that are already running in the country, to fight HIV and AIDS. The campaign is known as the National HIV Counselling and Testing Campaign and it is based on the National HIV Counselling and Testing Campaign Strategy of SANAC (2010). The study aimed to investigate the impact of the campaign in terms of awareness levels of the benefiting groups as well as the challenges experienced...
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...The impact of HIV/AIDS on women globally or in the United States University Of Maryland University College Section I: Introduction and Statement of Purpose The AIDS and HIV virus is an extremely perilous disease that sees no race, no caste, no color, no gender, no nationality, no background and not even a specific age. It can affect anyone, at any time. AIDS stands for what is called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The virus makes the body's immune system to break down and become in effective in fighting illness and bacteria. Contrary to popular belief, a person does not just become affected with the AIDS virus immediately. AIDS is basically caused by a pre virus called HIV, or human immunodeficiency syndrome. A substance in human body, known as the anti bodies, that fights infection in a person become infected once HIV is transferred into a human. The virus is most frequently transferred through bodily fluids and internationally majority of the infections occur through sex between men and women. AIDS basically results from heterosexual intercourse and so the age group which is a primarily affected by this disease is the one which is most sexually active, people from fifteen to fifty years of age. Moreover, there is a strong connection between TB and AIDS. Many individuals are affected with TB, without the disease being active. However, once the individual becomes infected with HIV, it causes the TB to become active which was once dormant. AIDS was initially recognized...
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...INTERNATIONAL HIV/AIDS ALLIANCE In 2009, 33 million people were living with HIV/AIDS. About 5 million of them had access to treatment (UNAIDS, 2010). The international HIV/AIDS alliance is a network of organizations throughout the world that is dedicated to combating the spread and the effects of HIV and AIDS. This work analyzes the issues faced by Alliance and addresses some strategic recommendation. The history, development, and growth of the organization over time The international HIV/AIDS Alliance was created in 1993. It is a result of discussions within a group of donor agencies and international organizations on how to give more support to community groups in developing countries that were carrying out work around HIV (Alliance, foundation, 2009). The Alliance has its head quarter (the international secretary) in Brighton, UK. Through its Linking Organization (LOs) the Alliance has been helping to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, Eastern Europe and Latin America. There were about 32 LOs in 2009 throughout the world. These LOs are supporting 1270 community and NGOs across the globe. The alliance strategy in 2006 was to significantly scale up the universal access to comprehension HIV/AIDS services. By 2010 the Alliance had reached 2.3 million adults and children globally. A 75% growth compare to 2007. With an income of more than US$ 63 million in 2007, the alliance reached US$ 72.7 million in 2008 (a 12% increase).of these, 81% were restricted...
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