...The concept of Marketing Myopia is applicable to Indian companies as well. Many Indian companies historically have failed to define their purpose from the consumers’ point of view. These firms have focused more on producing their goods and services and then finding customers to sell them to, instead of getting to know the consumers’ needs and then producing goods to meet those needs. The situation was made worse by the licensing era and closed Indian economy till 1991, which led to little competition for firms. This resulted in customers having to buy products of only those companies, which created a high demand for their products. One Indian company that suffered from marketing myopia and paid a heavy price for it is Hindustan Motors (HM). It was founded in 1942 by Mr. B.M. Birla, and was the producer of the Ambassador and the Contessa cars. Hindustan Motors: The History The Ambassador began production in 1958, and was based on the Morris Oxford, a British car. It was an extremely popular car in the Indian market for several decades. It had a constantly growing market, initially due to the prestige associated with the car, and later due to the growing affluence of the population, and was helped by the fact that its only rival till 1983 was the Premier Padmini. There was a long waiting period to acquire an...
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...VOLUME NO. 5 (2014), ISSUE N O. 02 (FEBRUARY) ISSN 0976-2183 A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed (Refereed/Juried) Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, ProQuest, U.S.A., EBSCO Publishing, U.S.A., Cabell’s Directories of Publishing Opportunities, U.S.A., Open J-Gage, India [link of the same is duly available at Inflibnet of University Grants Commission (U.G.C.)], Index Copernicus Publishers Panel, Poland with IC Value of 5.09 & number of libraries all around the world. Circulated all over the world & Google has verified that scholars of more than 3130 Cities in 166 countries/territories are visiting our journal on regular basis. Ground Floor, Building No. 1041-C-1, Devi Bhawan Bazar, JAGADHRI – 135 003, Yamunanagar, Haryana, INDIA http://ijrcm.org.in/ VOLUME NO. 5 (2014), ISSUE N O. 02 (FEBRUARY) ISSN 0976-2183 CONTENTS Sr. No. TITLE & NAME OF THE AUTHOR (S) Page No. 1. SILVER COMMODITY TRADING IN INDIA: A CASE STUDY OF KARVY COMTRADE LTD., HYDERABAD DR. A. R. ARYASRI & G. KRISHNA 2. A STUDY OF FLUCTUATIONS OF FORWARD TRANSACTIONS ON SELECTED COMMODITY PRICES WITH REFERENCE TO YEAR 2001-2010 DR. RAJESHRI DESAI, DR. ABHA SINGH & ANKITA PANDEY 3. A STUDY ON ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO IMPETUS PRIVATE LIMITED, INDORE AKSHATA SHARMA, MEENAL GUPTA & ANAND TRIVEDI 4. GREEN MARKETING: A HOLISTIC VIEW AND CASE STUDY OF ONGC BHAWNA...
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...Summary…………………………………………3 Chapter-1:Introduction………………………………………4 Chapter-2:Analysis of facts and figures of Maruti Suzuki….9 Chapter-3:Case study of Manesar plant……………………..18 Chapter4:Learnings………………………………………….29 Bibliography…………………………………………………35 Abbreviations • MUL-Maruti Udhyog Limited • GM-General Motors • BSE-Bombay Stock Exchange • NSE-National Stock Exchange • ACMA-Automotive Component Manufacturers Association of India • SIAM-Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers • CSI-Customer Satisfaction Index • MDS-Maruti Driving Training School • ITI-Industrial Training Institute • OEM-original equipment manufacturers Executive Summary Maruti Suzuki India Limited is India's leading & largest Passenger car manufacturer which accounting for nearly 50 percent of the total industry sales. With a view to cater the demand of all types of customer the company has variety of brands in its basket i.e ranging from the peoples car Maruti 800 to the stylish hatch-back Swift, SX4 Sedan and luxury sports utility vehicle (SUV) Grand Vitara. The company has received ample awards and achievements due to its continuous innovations and technological up gradations. The company today is very conscious about safeguarding the environment from vehicle pollution which resulted in launching of its advanced K-Series engines. Despite of stiff competition, Maruti Suzuki India Limited is presently considered as the leading automobile giant due to its remarkable Economic...
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...Managing competition successfully Maruti Udyog Limited (MUL) was established in Feb 1981 through an Act of Parliament, to meet the growing demand of a personal mode of transport caused by the lack of an efficient public transport system. It was established with the objectives of - modernizing the Indian automobile industry, producing fuel efficient vehicles to conserve scarce resources and producing indigenous utility cars for the growing needs of the Indian population. A license and a Joint Venture agreement were signed with the Suzuki Motor Company of Japan in Oct 1983, by which Suzuki acquired 26% of the equity and agreed to provide the latest technology as well as Japanese management practices. Suzuki was preferred for the joint venture because of its track record in manufacturing and selling small cars all over the world. There was an option in the agreement to raise Suzuki’s equity to 40%, which it exercised in 1987. Five years later, in 1992, Suzuki further increased its equity to 50% turning Maruti into a non-government organization managed on the lines of Japanese management practices. Maruti created history by going into production in a record 13 months. Maruti is the highest volume car manufacturer in Asia, outside Japan and Korea, having produced over 5 million vehicles by May 2005. Maruti is one of the most successful automobile joint ventures, and has made profits every year since inception till 2000-01. In 2000-01, although Maruti generated operating profits on an...
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...41 Asia-Pacific Business Review Vol. VI, No. 2, April - June 2010 pp. 41-49, ISSN: 0973-2470 Capital Structure and Product Market Determinants: Empirical Evidence from the Indian Automobile Industry Himanshu Joshi This paper provides insights into the way in which the capital structure is determined by product market determinants, research and development activity and profitability. This paper is an attempt to test relevance of empirical evidences found in matured markets to the Indian market condition. Automobile industry is taken up for the study because of its oligopoly nature and easy availability of product prices. Some of the results are very different from the similar studies conducted in the advanced economies. It is found that the firms in the same industry can have different capital structures and there is a negative correlation between the profitability and capital structure of the companies. Interestingly, no correlation is found between R&D expenses and capital structure of the company. It was also concluded that no extra market power is attained because of high leverage. Keywords: Capital Structure, Product Market, Market Structure, Profitability, Market Power, Capital Expenditure Introduction Capital structure refers to the way a corporation finances its assets through some combination of equity, debt, or hybrid securities. A firm’s capital structure is thus, the composition or ‘structure’ of its liabilities. The modern theory of capital structure began...
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...GASTROENTEROLOGY Growth inhibitory action of cranberry on Helicobacter pylori Masashi Matsushima,* Takayoshi Suzuki,* Aya Masui,* Kouichi Kasai,† Tomoko Kouchi,† Atsushi Takagi,* Takayuki Shirai* and Tetsuya Mine* *Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara; and †Research and Development Division, Kikkoman Corporation, Noda, Japan Abstract Background and Aim: Cranberry is a fruit that originated in North America, and it has been used by Native Americans for bacterial infections. Recent studies have revealed it to be effective for preventing refractory urinary infections, while also suggesting that it plays a possible role in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Methods: The H. pylori strains used in the present study were NCTC11637 and 11638. Sugar and organic acid-rich, and polyphenol-rich fractions were obtained from cranberry juice concentrate by Amberlite XAD7HP-column chromatography. The H. pylori growth inhibition was estimated by OD660 and titration in liquid culture, and by an agar dilution plate method. The shapes of the bacteria were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: Cranberry extract suppressed bacterial proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. In the comparison with other juices, polyphenol-rich fruits (cranberries, blueberries, and red grapes) showed similar growth inhibitory activity, whereas polyphenol-poor fruits (oranges, pineapples, apples, and white grapes) did not show any...
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...IIM-C SMP09 Marketing Nuggets Project – SUV Market in India Success of Mahindra XUV 500 By: Amit Ahi Samir Chitkara Dr. Bhaskar Sonowal Anirban Sarkar Amit Dass J.Mohapatra Dwarka Nath Sharma Table of Contents Current market Size & key market trends 5 India’s Socio demographic profile 5 Indian Automobile Market 6 Size of Indian Automobile market 7 Key Market Trends for SUVs / Automobiles 8 Key market trends of SUVs 10 Segmentation of the market 11 Price Based Segmentation 11 Entry Level 11 Mid Segment 11 Premium Segment 11 Luxury 11 Price Wise Segmentation for Indian SUVs 12 Usage Based Segmentation 13 Off Roading: 13 Soft Roading: 13 Consumer Behavior noticed in Buying SUVs 13 Psychological factors 13 Personal Factors 14 Social Factors 14 Positioning of different brands in SUV market in India 15 Entry Level SUVs: 15 Renault Duster 15 Mahindra Scorpio 15 Tata Safari 16 Mid Segment: 16 Tata Aria 16 Force One 17 MAHINDRA XUV 500 18 Skoda Yeti 18 Ford Endevour 19 CHEVROLET Captiva 19 HONDA CRV 19 TOYOTA Fortuner 20 Key Advertising and Promotion campaigns adopted by leading brands 21 Mahindra XUV 500 21 Digital Marketing – FAce Book & Twitter 21 Launch Campaign 21 Force One 21 Big B as the Brand Ambassador 21 Toyota FORTUNER 23 Campaign Tag: “The Art of Power” 23 Toyota Fortuner Marketing Campaign: Experience the Power of Art on your Mobile 23 Results and achievements...
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...MEMORY Memory is one of the most important concepts in learning; if things are not remembered, no learning can take place. Futhermore, memory has served as a battleground for opposing theories and paradigms of learning (e.g., Adams, 1967; Ashcraft, 1989; Bartlett, 1932; Klatzky, 1980; Loftus & Loftus, 1976; Tulving & Donaldson, 1972). Some of the major issues include recall versus recognition, the nature of forgetting (i.e., interference versus decay), the structure of memory, and intentional versus incidental learning. According to the early behaviorist theories (e.g., Thorndike, Guthrie, Hull), remembering was a function of S-R pairings which acquired strength due to contiguity or reinforcement. Stimulus sampling theory explained many memory phenomenon on the basis of statistical outcomes. On the other hand, cognitive theories (e.g., Tolman) insisted that meaning (i.e., semantic factors) played an important role in remembering. In particular, Miller suggested that information was organized into "chunks" according to some commonality. The idea that memory is always an active reconstruction of existing knowledge was championed by Bruner and is found in the theories of Ausubel and Schank. Some theories of memory have concerned themselves with the nature of the processing. Paivio suggests a dual coding scheme for verbal and visual information. Craik & Lockhart proposed that information can be processed to different levels of understanding. Rumelhart & Norman describe three...
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...Challenges for a Tier 2 Supplier | The Indian Automotive Supply Chain Context | | | | | Contents Introduction 4 A Brief History of Indian Auto Sector 4 The Present Scenario 5 Indian Automotive Industry Supply Chain 6 Characteristics of the Auto Supply Chain 8 Tiered Structure 8 Linkage of Suppliers and OEMs 9 Supplier Power – An Industry Level Analysis 10 Clustered Development 11 Financial Position of the Suppliers 12 Supply Chain Challenges in the Auto Industry 13 SM Auto Stamping Pvt. Ltd – An Introduction 13 Products Manufactured 14 Quality Systems 14 Manufacturing Process 15 Challenges and Opportunities 15 Scheduling and Production 15 Variety and Performance 17 Procurement 18 Pricing and Costing 19 Cyclical Nature of the Industry 20 Solutions 20 Data Analysis 21 Conclusion - Creating a Win-Win Strategy 23 References 25 Appendix I 26 List of Figures Figure 1 – Automobile Market in India 6 Figure 2 – Global growth of the automobile market 7 Figure 3 – Turnover contribution of different components 7 Figure 4 – Automobile supply chain 9 Figure 5 – Automobile and auto component industry growth rates 10 Figure 6 – Strategic analysis of supplier industry 11 Figure 7 – Suppliers in India 12 Figure 8 – Margin trends 12 Figure 9 – Manufacturing flow process for SM Auto 15 Figure 10 – Scheduling Plan 16 Figure 11 – Various manufactured components 17 Figure 12 – Suppliers in India 19 ...
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...Proceedings of the Fourth International Annual Conference of the Asia Pacific Academy of Business in Society Sustainable Decision-Making in a Time of Crisis Public and Private Perspectives Malcolm McIntosh and Susan Forbes Authors Malcolm McIntosh Director, Asia Pacific Centre for Sustainable Enterprise Susan M Forbes Adjunct Research Fellow, Asia Pacific Centre for Sustainable Enterprise © 2011 Asia Pacific Centre for Sustainable Enterprise Published by Asia Pacific Centre for Sustainable Enterprise Griffith Business School Griffith University, South Bank campus 226 Grey Street, South Brisbane Queensland, 4101 Australia www.griffith.edu.au/business-commerce/sustainable-enterprise All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Copyright rests with the individual authors. ISBN 978-1-921760-45-7 Foreword The conference reflected lessons learnt and being learned from the global financial crisis, from the climate change prognosis and from rethinking global governance. The conference preceded the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 2010 Meetings and Summit (7-14 November in Yokohama, Japan) and coincided with the 10th anniversary of the United Nations (UN) Global Compact, and the UN Year of Biodiversity. Given the birth of the G20 group of nations, the...
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...IN-COMPANY TRAINING REPORT ON “MARKETING STRATEGIES OF JK TYRES” COMPLETED IN JK TYRE LIMITED [pic] SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF B.COM (H) IIIRD YEAR DELHI COLLEGE OF ARTS & COMMERCE, NEW DELHI TRAINING SUPERVISOR: SUBMITTED BY: MR. HARMEET SINGH KOHLI KARAN ARORA (Marketing Manager Central Zone) ROLL NO. 336 SECTION - A STUDENT DECLARATION I hereby declare that the Summer Training Report conducted at “Marketing Strategies of JK Tyres” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of B. Com(h) III Year. It is my original work and the same has not been submitted for the award of any other Degree/diploma/fellowship or other similar titles or prizes. KARAN ARORA ROLL NO. 336 SECTION - A UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF: MRS. NEHA AGGARWAL MR. PANKAJ KUMAR (FACULTY OF COLLEGE) Student signature ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is indeed a moment of immense gratification for me to express my deepest gratitude to Mr. Harmeet Singh Kohli, (Marketing Manager Central Zone) for providing me with an opportunity to carry out this project study and help me create this report on “Marketing Strategies of JK Tyres". I am grateful to him for forecasting an excellent academic ambience...
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...January 2015 Research Institute Thought leadership from Credit Suisse Research and the world’s foremost experts Emerging Consumer Survey 2015 EMERGING CONSUMER SURVEY 2015_2 Contents 03 Editorial 04 The emerging consumer in 2015 12 A sum of different parts 20 e-Commerce and the emerging consumer 30 Focus on travel 36 Focus on autos 40 Focus on healthcare 46 Brands and the emerging consumer in 2015 62 Brazil: Steady decline continues 64 China: A life online 66 India: New government, strong consumer 68 Indonesia: An under-penetrated market 70 Mexico: Structural potential, cyclical hurdles 72 Russia: Dark clouds gather 74 Saudi Arabia: The petro-dollar 76 South Africa: Reduced optimism 81 About the survey 83 Imprint / Disclaimer For more information, please contact: Richard Kersley, Head of Global Securities Products and Themes, Credit Suisse Investment Banking, richard.kersley@credit-suisse.com Michael O’Sullivan, Chief Investment Officer UK & EMEA, Credit Suisse Private Banking & Wealth Management, michael.o’sullivan@credit-suisse.com COVERPHOTO: ISTOCKPHOTO.COM/XAVIERARNAU, PHOTO: ISTOCKPHOTO.COM/ALIJA 78 Turkey: Subdued but stable EMERGING CONSUMER SURVEY 2015_3 Editorial We are delighted to publish the fifth edition of the Credit Suisse Research Institute’s “Emerging Consumer Survey.” To undertake the project, we have again partnered with global market research firm Nielsen, which has conducted...
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...WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: a Summary First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care is Safer Care a WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: a Summary © World Health Organization 2009 WHO/IER/PSP/2009.07 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: bookorders@who.int). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; e-mail: permissions@who.int). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable...
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...U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs National Institute of Justice APR. 04 Special REPORT Forensic Examination of Digital Evidence: A Guide for Law Enforcement U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs 810 Seventh Street N.W. Washington, DC 20531 John Ashcroft Attorney General Deborah J. Daniels Assistant Attorney General Sarah V. Hart Director, National Institute of Justice This and other publications and products of the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice can be found on the World Wide Web at the following site: Office of Justice Programs National Institute of Justice http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij APR. 04 Forensic Examination of Digital Evidence: A Guide for Law Enforcement NCJ 199408 Sarah V. Hart Director This document is not intended to create, does not create, and may not be relied upon to create any rights, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law by any party in any matter civil or criminal. Opinions or points of view expressed in this document represent a consensus of the authors and do not represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. The products, manufacturers, and organizations discussed in this document are presented for informational purposes only and do not constitute product approval or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Justice. This document was prepared under Interagency Agreement #1999–IJ–R–094 between...
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...Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Biotechnology Advances 26 (2008) 246 – 265 www.elsevier.com/locate/biotechadv Research review paper Biological degradation of plastics: A comprehensive review Aamer Ali Shah ⁎, Fariha Hasan, Abdul Hameed, Safia Ahmed Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Received 22 November 2007; received in revised form 31 December 2007; accepted 31 December 2007 Available online 26 January 2008 Abstract Lack of degradability and the closing of landfill sites as well as growing water and land pollution problems have led to concern about plastics. With the excessive use of plastics and increasing pressure being placed on capacities available for plastic waste disposal, the need for biodegradable plastics and biodegradation of plastic wastes has assumed increasing importance in the last few years. Awareness of the waste problem and its impact on the environment has awakened new interest in the area of degradable polymers. The interest in environmental issues is growing and there are increasing demands to develop material which do not burden the environment significantly. Biodegradation is necessary for water-soluble or water-immiscible polymers because they eventually enter streams which can neither be recycled nor incinerated. It is important to consider the microbial degradation of natural and synthetic polymers in order to understand what is necessary for biodegradation and the mechanisms involved. This...
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