...industry in Hong Kong for the last several years. In his 1999 Policy Address, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) Chief Executive C.H. Tung stated that To this end, we will implement a liberal policy for air cargo services so as to further develop Hong Kong into an international and regional air cargo hub. This, in turn, will create more jobs in the supporting service industries. A number of leading international air cargo carriers has expressed interest in expanding their operations in Hong Kong (Tung, 1999). Thus, the interests arise in part due to the job-creation effect of the air-cargo sector. They arise also due to the fact that after the 1997 Asian financial crisis and given China’s entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO), Hong Kong faces the challenge of a structural transformation of its economy. Air transport plays an important role in Hong Kong’s overall economy. Hong Kong’s export of air transport services itself amounted to HK$34 billion in 1997, or 11.5% of all services exports. As of March 1999, it had 121 establishments and directly employed 24,098 people. It contributes directly to Hong Kong’s external trade. By air, Hong Kong imported HK$366 billion and exported HK$298 billion of merchandise in 1999. Although air cargo accounted for only 1% by weight of all cargo handled by Hong Kong in 2000, its value share was much higher at more than 23%. Obviously, aviation is also vital to the travel and tourism industry, which ...
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...Hong Kong: the small but mighty city Analysis on its economy Nima Sang Tamang 6234519 International Business Management Comparative Country Studies University of Surrey 1 Executive Summary Asia’s world city Hong Kong (HK) is known as Asia’s world city (Hong Kong Tourism Board (HKTB), 2015), being a central hub for almost everything but is only a mere dot on the world map; being only of 1,108 sq km in size. Having a quick paced and busy life is just a norm when living especially with 7 million people and still growing. Yet, this small city is bustling with businesses from all over the world going on a fast non-‐stop pace. Growing up in Hong Kong myself, I wanted to learn more about the city I grew up. I also wanted to recommend to business firms why Hong...
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...What was the change of the language culture after Hong Kong handover to China in 1997? By Kay Yim Hoi Man Hong Kong's culture was born in a fusion of East and West. It not only kept many Chinese traditions, but also experienced a baptism of western culture. Since the cause of the First and Second Opium War from 1983 to 1986 , Hong Kong was become a British colony. Therefore, many Britons came to Hong Kong for development and eventually English became the major language(¶4). However, the proportion of Britons lived in Hong Kong were gradually declined as there were large numbers of Mainland China immigrated to Hong Kong since 1974.Luckily, Hong Kong was located on a favorable geographical location, where could attract numerous of people from Western and Asian ,especially the majority of other cities in China ,for example Shanghai.( ¶1)(7)As a result, there had the reduction of multilingualism and the enlargement of Cantonese as usual spoken between 1960s and 1990s.(157)( ¶3) From my point of view, the adoption of "Biliterate and trilingual” policy (¶2) was probably good after Hong Kong handover to China. In the past, British government did not excluded the unique cultures of Hong Kong such as Cantonese and Traditional Chinese. Most of them were willing to accept and even actively to encourage people to learn. However, after Hong Kong returned to China, China government had interfered in Hong Kong Culture. Formerly, we would use traditional Chinese as our local written...
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...Environmental changes associated with mass urban tourism and nature tourism development in Hong Kong C. Y. JIMU Department of Geography and Geology, The Uni¨ ersity of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Summary. Hong Kong’s tourism is overwhelmingly urban-focused. There is a heavy concentration of tourist and ancillary facilities in a small core urban area. A well-defined tourist business district has evolved with imprints on urban morphology. Hotels and the travel industry have limited direct environmental impacts; recent efforts have reduced energy and water consumption and waste generation. Changing preferences and market diversification call for countryside and resort types of tourism. The mainly young visitors are increasingly interested in the scenic countryside with a well-established country-park system, the tourist potential of which has been neglected. Hitherto rural excursions have been confined to ‘honeypots’ with little penetration away from main roads. The varied possibilities of nature tourism with ecotourism ingredients can be tapped as an adjunct to the city-based counterpart. New tourist nodes such as scattered resorts and a resort island can bring visitors close to nature. The changing patterns of consumption and the increase in rural visitorship demand measures to forestall environmental degradation. Keywords: tourism, environmental impacts, landscape changes, Hong Kong Introduction The influence of tourism on destination areas, in terms of economic and...
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...| Hong Kong and Shenzhen’s Coopetition in Logistics Industry | Assignment 2 – LGT5013 Transport Logistics in China | | | CHAN PUI YUK, SIMON 10670562GFUNG MEI SHAN, JO 10670090GLEUNG TING CHEUNG, VINCE 10609081GLO WING LING, WINNIE 10634888GYIP KIM HUNG, CURTIS 09608879GYUEN MAY YEE, ELSA 10670039G | Executive Summary Hong Kong Port, being the world busiest port for 12 years from 1992 to 2004, is globally well known and this container port industry became one of its vital economic pillars. Such a prosperous development began in 1970s with the boom of manufacturing business activities. The effect on the end of ‘close-door policy’ of China was reflected in early 1990s due to the launching and the rapid development of ports among Pearl River Delta. Hong Kong started to face severe challenges from the neighboring ports, its market share drops significantly since 1997; whereas that of Shenzhen grows rapidly. The goal of this paper is to analysis the current situations of Hong Kong Port and its relationship with neighboring ports in Shenzhen; and to derive possible strategies for Hong Kong to maintain and sustain its competitiveness under these circumstances. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Analysis 3 2.1 Hardware 3 2.2 Software 6 2.3. SWOT Analysis 10 2.4 Logistics Synergy (Co-opetition) of Hong Kong Plus Shenzhen 11 Chapter 3: Solutions 12 3.1 Framework Agreement 12 3.2 CEPA 12 3.3 PRD A5 Group 13 3.4 National 12th Five-Year...
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...HKIA’s Third Runway —The Key for Enhancing Hong Kong’s Aviation Position (28/11/2007) by Dr. Cheung Kwok Law Professor Michael Fung Professor Japhet Law Dicky Tse Ka Yan Chan Aviation Policy and Research Center, Department of Decision Sciences and Managerial Economics The Chinese University of Hong Kong © Content Chapter 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 Objectives of the Study Background Objectives Research Framework 1 1 2 4 5 5 6 10 10 11 16 18 18 21 22 27 27 29 30 32 32 34 35 35 40 44 46 48 48 49 50 51 54 56 62 Chapter 2 Regional Airports’ Development and Expansion 2.1 Asian Aviation Hubs 2.2 Mainland Major Airports Chapter 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 Regional Demand Forecast for Aviation Services Rapid Growth in Asia-Pacific’s Air Transport The Increasing Importance of China’s Aviation Market Hong Kong’s Aviation Development under Mainland’s Rapid Growth Chapter 4 Capacity Issues and Enhancement Measures for HKIA 4.1 The Capacity of the Hong Kong International Airport 4.2 Runway Capacity Enhancement Measures 4.2.1 Aircraft Types Trends and its effects to Runway Capacity 4.3 Possible Measures 4.3.1 Air Transport Management Approach 4.3.2 Enhanced ATC & Aircraft Equipment, Technology, Procedures and Manpower 4.3.3 Expansion of Auxiliary Airside Facilities 4.3.4 Peak Spreading 4.3.5 Aircraft Size Restrictions 4.4 Conclusions Chapter 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Selected Case Studies for Building New Runways London Heathrow Airport third Runway Manchester International Airport Second Runway Tokyo Narita...
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...ARTICLE IN PRESS Tourism Management 29 (2008) 811–820 www.elsevier.com/locate/tourman Research Note Shopping behaviors of individual tourists from the Chinese Mainland to Hong Kong Tsan-Ming ChoiÃ, Shuk-Ching Liu, Ka-Man Pang, Pui-Sze Chow Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Received 19 March 2007; accepted 8 July 2007 Abstract Since 2003, the Hong Kong and the Chinese Mainland (CM) governments have established Individual Visit Scheme (IVS) which simplifies the process for CM people to visit Hong Kong. The resulting tremendous increase of CM tourists affects significantly the Hong Kong fashion retailing industry (HKFRI). In this research note, we study the challenges and opportunities brought by IVS for HKFRI. Recommendations are proposed and managerial findings are developed. r 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Chinese Mainland tourists; Individual visit scheme; Tourism; Shopping behavior 1. Introduction Since the Chinese abrogation of tour group quotas in 2002 and the introduction of Individual Visit Scheme (IVS) in July 2003, there is a rapid growth in numbers of Chinese Mainland (CM) visitors to Hong Kong which directly led to a rise in the total tourism expenditure associated with inbound tourism. Amongst the 30 CM cities where IVS was launched, residents from Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing were the major visitors traveled to Hong Kong and a key motivation for their...
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...1473-8376 www.heacademy.ac.uk/johlste ACADEMIC PAPER Perceptions of hospitality and tourism students towards study motivations and preferences: a study of Hong Kong students Myong Jae Lee (mjlee@csupomona.edu) The Collins College of Hospitality Management, California State Polytechnic University 3801 West Temple Avenue, Pomona, CA91768, USA Samuel Seongseop Kim (sskim@sejong.ac.kr) Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea Ada Lo (hmada@polyu.edu.hk) School of Hotel and Tourism Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong DOI:10.3794/johlste.72.178 ©Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education Abstract This study identifies reasons why college students in Hong Kong want to study hospitality and tourism management (HTM) and why they want to pursue HTM degrees abroad. It also aims to identify students’ preferred HTM study areas. An empirical study of a cohort of 384 HTM students was conducted to determine their motives for their choice of HTM. The results indicate that there were five motivational factors among HTM students: self-actualisation, job opportunity, field attractiveness, ease of study, and scholastic achievement. Detailed information on the motivational factors along with preferred overseas study destinations and HTM study areas are discussed. Keywords: Hospitality and tourism management (HTM); Study motivations; Study preferences Myong Jae (MJ) Lee is an assistant...
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...What is your interest in China? What do you hope to gain from spending the summer in Hong Kong or Shanghai? (500 words max) Being an HKU student, I have learnt quite a lot about China’s culture and its economy. Perhaps, China’s economy is the fastest growing economy in the world. According to foreign reports and analysis of lecturers it is anticipated that the Chinese economy will overtake US economy to become the world’s largest economy in about 14-20 years. I certainly want to work and build up my career in this region. I believe that diversified places like Hong Kong, Shanghai and Beijing in this region provide numerous career opportunities for international students. With the future looking bright for China, I believe working in this region would be the best option for me. Hong Kong is Asia’s financial hub and a great place to work and travel. Moreover, Shanghai is among world top most developed city that attracts foreign investment and tourism due to favorable trade facilities and tourist attractions. By spending the summer in Hong Kong or Shanghai I hope to learn about the working culture and environment in China, as I wish to work in this region after graduation. I would also want to learn about the financial sector and get exposed to the corporate world as to how thing are done and processed in real life. I hope that this internship would be a learning experience for me and would help me set my career in China in the future. Working with professionals of renowned companies...
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...Global Business Cultural Analysis: Hong Kong Ruben R. Castro Dr. Maria Marin Business 604 July 3, 2013 History Hong Kong has been inhabited for millennia, with the early Che people settling the land early on. During the period of the Warring States in Mainland China, Yuet people immigrated from the north and forcibly assimilated the Che people. During the time of the Qin Dynasty Hong Kong was made a part of unified Imperial China. Throughout the Han Dynasty in the 10th century the region grew in economic importance as a result of the local pearl industry. When the Mongols invaded China, Hong Kong saw a large influx of refugees from Mainland China, creating a population boom and further enlarging the already strong economy that had built around Hong Kong as a maritime trading port. In the 19th century, Britain, faced with a growing trade deficit with China due to the British appetite for tea, expanded its sale of opium to China dramatically. The ruling Qing Dynasty disapproved, and banned the sale of opium. Britain pushed the issue by declaring war, and occupied Hong Kong Island by 1831. The British would control Hong Kong until World War II. The Japanese seized the region briefly during World War II. Shortly after the war, the declaration of Communist China led to a new wave of refugees to British Hong Kong. As China continued to pursue an isolationist stance during the Communist era, Hong Kong became an important connection between the West and the mainland, and...
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...1. What factors contributed to EuroDisney’s poor performance during its first year of operation? What factors contributed to Hong Kong Disney’s poor performance during its first year? Both Euro Disney and Hong Kong Disney suffered losses in its first year of operations due to several factors that stems from wrong marketing decisions and lack of research. The following are the said factors: Euro Disney * Location – While the demographics presented by the European government about the number of tourists that comes to Paris is true, Euro Disney failed to make further research on the reasons for this large number. Most tourists go to Paris to visit and wander in the streets of the city and not to visit theme parks. Moreover, the climate in Paris is unsuitable for a theme park thus the off-season attendance was way below target. The French government offered Euro Disney generous incentives that they chose to overlook cultural and weather barriers. * Pricing – Unlike the Japanese, Europeans are not willing to spend much to enjoy the attractions in the park. Euro Disney was confident that Europeans would come flocking to the park despite the premium price. * Euro Disney Marketing Strategy – Euro Disney’s advertising focused on the size of the park rather than the Disney experience. They were trying to sell an alluring bit of American which the European do not particularly like. Europeans do not care that the theme park had cost over $4 billion or that it is 4,800 acres...
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...INTRODUCTION This is a report analysis of Hong Kong Disneyland. This analysis will examine the effect of the national culture of the Hong Kong in relation to the business operation and other several various factors of that affects the business conduct of chosen industry. The industry chosen by the writer is Hong Kong Disneyland (Disney, for brevity). Hong Kong Disneyland was a theme park built and operated by a new-joint venture company, the Hong Kong International Theme Parks Ltd. (HKITP), as formed by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government and the Walt Disney Company. The author uses Disney as the subject of the paper as it is a new in the business industry. It has been conducting business since the year 2005, hence, assessment and analysis about the company is still few. This report will give a brief background about Disney. The analysis portion applying the different methods for strategic analysis in order to examine the remote and close environments of the subject company will follow the background. The paper will use some cultural theories in order to provide a comprehensive background as to the cross cultural awareness of the company with the culture of a state. BACKGROUND Hong Kong Disneyland is built and operated by a new-joint venture company, the Hong Kong International Theme Parks Ltd (HKITP), as formed by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government and the Walt Disney Company. It is the fifth (5th)...
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...Disney Theme Park to India Abstract: This report is aim to analyze profitable adventure of The Walt Disney Company to set up Disneyland theme park in India. As one of main emerging markets in Asia, India might be the next destination for The Walt Disney Company to target on. Therefore, this report uses a series of marketing tools to demonstrate the macro-environment and micro-environment in India, such as PESTEL, SWOT, Porter’s Five Forces Model and Self Referencing Criteria. Based on this analysis, the current situation of India shows an attractive prospect to Disney in terms of economic and technological development, the diversification of culture, and the acceptance of Disney products and services. Introduction: India with its rich and various cultural heritages is now on one of the top industrialized nations in the world. India being the seventh largest country in the world with the coverage area of 32,87,263 sq.km (Indian government, 2010 a). India is divided into 27 states and 7 union territories (Indian government, 2010 b). According to WHO (2011), the total population of India was 1,151,751,000 approximately. The Walt Disney Company was founded in 1923 by Walt Disney and the first Disney theme park was opened in California in the year 1955, ever since Disney theme park has expanded to encompass Disney Cruise Line, eight Disney Vacation Club reports, Adventures by Disney, and four more resort locations. This report will analyze the profitable venture of The Walt...
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...Hong Kong Budget Airline Industry Analysis By Jaeyeong Ahn 1155032046 Xie Jianting 1155001899 Shi Weiran 1155002072 Tan Jiayi 1009609441 Gao Jingya 1155001997 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Budget Airline Industry 2.1 Definition & Pricing Model 2.2 Common Practices to Lower Overall Costs 2.3 Development of Budget Airline in America, Europe and Asia 3. Hong Kong Market Analysis 3.1 Competitive Landscape 3.2 Major Budget Airlines in Hong Kong 3.3 Market Analysis 3.4 Target Customer Analysis 4. SWOT Analysis of Budget Airlines 4.1 Strengths 4.2 Weaknesses 4. 3 Opportunities 4.4 Threats 5. Analysis of Success Factors in Budget Airline Industry 5.1 AirAsia’s Success in Asia 5.2 Oasis’s Failure in Hong Kong 6. Conclusion 1. Introduction In September 2013, Hong Kong Express Airways announced its plan to transform itself into a budget airline. Meanwhile, Jetstar, an Australian budget airline, has applied for an operating license in Hong Kong under the belief that there are abundant opportunities for growth in the budget airline industry. However, Hong Kong-based airlines Cathay Pacific and Dragonair strongly insist that the market is saturated, and that new entrants into the market will harm the airline industry as a whole. The purpose of this report is to analyze the prospect of budget airline industry in Hong Kong and to determine if...
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...OVERVIEW OF DISNEYLAND IN HONG KONG The Disney Theme Park in Honk Kong was first announced to the public in 1997. Initially it was welcomed by the public after the Asian financial crisis because of the announcement of projected benefits coupling with “Disney” tourism and the associated employment opportunities. Although the Walt Disney Company expressed a strong commitment and responsibilities towards conservation of natural resources, it had enormous environmental costs which resulted intense public criticism. The Disneyland earned less revenue than estimated. And Disney had to take immediate action to improve its operations and safeguard its “green” reputation. The background of Honk Kong Disney land had a long history. After nine months of intense and detailed negotiations, the Hong Kong special Administrative Region Government and the Walt Disney Company reached a preliminary agreement to commence the construction in November, 2001. After that Disney had taken some theme Park strategies. The company relied on two approach- expanding existing parks while entering into the new territories. And it was Disney’s trade mark tactic in attaining global profitability. Despite of ups and downs the company continued to approach governments’ worldwide including those at home. In the early 1990s, Disney representatives approached the Hong Kong government. During the negotiation period with the Hong Kong administration, Disney also entered into discussion with the Shanghai Government...
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