...beliefs of the Hopi Indians of the American Southwest. The Hopi people believe everything on Earth exists in two forms, the physical and spiritual. Kachina is derived from the word "katsinum", which means spirit. The Hopi believe Kachinas are divine spirits who exist within elements of nature such as clouds, winds, and rain. The Hopi also see them as ancestral spirits that serve to create a bond with the spirit world. The story of the Kachina is believed to have started in an ancient time of drought and starvation which had lasted for many years. As the food supply dwindled and the people began to die, the Kachina took pity on them. They materialized into a human-like form and helped the people grow food, bring rain and heal the sick through prayer and song and dance rituals. To show their gratitude the Hopi people asked the Kachinas to become a part of their tribe. Over time, however, the people became lazy and began to neglect their village and way of life since they were no longer hungry and suffering. Seeing this, the Kachinas decided to leave. Realizing what was about to happen, the people begged the Kachinas to stay but it was no use. Before leaving though, they agreed to teach the Hopi people how to call on the power of nature. By properly performing the rituals and prayers of the Kachinas, only then would the spirits help bring rain, plentiful food, health and happiness to the people. These beliefs are important because it ties the Hopi people to...
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...Kachina, which is most prominent in Hopi culture. Kachina is a term that relates to several things. Kachina is a religion, and the term also refers to spirit beings or personifications of things in the real world. In Hopi culture, these Kachinas are embodied by masked members of the tribes who dress up like them for religious ceremonies. Ceremonies were the most predominant interest of the Hopi people. In fact, they were the focal point of most of their thought and energy, and an expression of their genius. The Hopi believed that the Kachinas lived in the San Francisco Mountains, where they remained for half of the year. The other half of the year, there were numerous ceremonies that took place, bringing the Kachinas to their tribes. The second half of the year was devoted to the various ceremonies which were part of their religion, and performed in an attempt to bring rain. There is evidence of ceremonial calendars that marked the dates for each of the sacred ceremonies. These ceremonies can be considered performances, as they combined music, dance and song in one art form. The Kachina dances played a huge role in Hopi culture; every man took an active part in the dances throughout his life, and the women and children were also involved, but in different ways such as preparation and audience participation. Also, there were hundreds of different Kachina spirits that were embodied in performance, and all served a purpose to teach the Hopi people about spirituality and life on...
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...The Conflicts within the San Francisco Peaks Rising out of the Colorado Plateau in Northern Arizona are the majestic San Francisco Peaks. To the Hopi, the mountains are Nuvatukaovi, “The Place of Snow on the Very Top”, home to the ancestral kachina spirits who live among the clouds around the summit. To the Navajo, the mountains are Doko’oo’sliid, “Shining on Top”, a place where medicine men collect herbs for healing ceremonies. The peaks are one of the “sacred places where the Earth brushes up against the unseen world,” in the words of Yavapai-Apache Chairman Vincent Randall (San Francisco Peaks). To skiers, the mountains are home to the Arizona Snowbowl, a 777 acre ski resort only four hours away from Phoenix. The San Francisco Peaks have long been the source of land-use conflicts. Starting in the late 1800s, the area was extensively logged and grazed. At the same time, the area’s natural beauty attracted tourists and outdoor adventurists. The use of the west side of the San Francisco Peaks for skiing began in 1937, when the Civil Conservation Corps built a road and a small lodge at the base of the Anazani Peak. In 1978 the US Forest Service approved a major expansion into what today is known as the Arizona Snowbowl, with thirty-two trails and four lifts that can accommodate up to 180,000 skiers (Nabokov, pg 140). In 2002 the US Forest Service accepted a proposal from the Snowbowl to expand the resort and to use reclaimed water for snowmaking. The proposal received...
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...Buffalo Kachina Webster dictionary defines a Kachina as “one of the deified ancestral spirits believed among the Hopi and other Pueblo Indians to visit the Pueblos at intervals.” The Pueblo’s are known to believe that the kachina spirits manifest themselves in performance and dance (Sayre, 2012, pg.21). Male tribesmen will adorn the kachina masks and will “become” the supernatural character. It is believed that through the dances, the represented kachina will embody the tribesman and its power will be portrayed. One representation of the kachina is an actual Native American Kachina doll. These dolls are often made for the tribes to sale. They are considered items of beauty only. In most cases if an individual is able to find a Kachina doll for sale, the Native Americans consider it to be of no ritual power or significance. The Kachina dolls history starts with the Hopi people. The Hopi Indians are the only people that make authentic kachina dolls. The carvers must participate in extensive training. Thorough religious studies along with master carving are part of that training. The earliest photos of the Kachina dolls date back to the late 1800’s. The Native Americas of the southwest began creating the Kachina dolls to explain to the children of their tribes the power of the Kachina’s. The dolls were merely an educational tool for the tribes. The Hopi children were instructed that these “dolls” were not to be played with but to be taken very good care of. There...
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...A Brief History of Indian Motorcycle America's love for the motorcycle began in 1900 with bicycle racer George M. Hendee and engineering wizard Carl Oscar Hedstrom. In 1901, the partners unveiled their first creation, the 1901 Single. The trade name chosen for their innovative machine would signify "a wholly American product in pioneering tradition". The name was Indian. 1910-1919 By 1911, Indian riders hold every American speed and distance record. In 1914, over 3,000 employees work on a 7-mile long assembly line in Indian's 1-million square foot Springfield, Massachusetts plant. Racing activities are suspended in 1916 as the company supplies the war effort with 41,000 machines. 1920-1929 In 1923 the company is renamed Indian Motocycle Company, dropping the "r" in "motorcycle". It's a decade of growth for the Indian model line, starting with the revolutionary 1920 Scout and followed by the 95-mph Chief, the even more powerful Big Chief, the lightweight Prince, the awesome 4-cylinder Four. The 1928 101 Scout becomes the machine of choice for "wall of death" stunt riders. 1930-1939 The Art Deco era hits the Indians adorned in a full range of Duco colors, two-tone designs, pinstriping, and decals. Two new lightweight models debut in 1932, the Motoplane and the Pony Scout. "Iron Man" Ed Kretz, aboard a Sport Scout, laps the entire field in his win at the 1937 inaugural Daytona 200. With the onset of World War II in 1939, the focus again shifts to providing the...
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...1) Online auctions: We believe it’s high time that we embrace the technology and make a transition to internet auctions. Develop an online platform through which growers can sell their products and buyers can purchase them. Both of them will be charged a 0.1 % of transaction amount. This will not only bring in additional revenue but also make the whole process of buying and selling a lot easier. These are the financials involved. We estimate that online portal will cost us around $3 million. With the revenue that we will generate from it, cost of portal will be covered in 341 days. 2) Service Customization As per the recent trend, many clients don’t want full range of auction services. Hence sometimes they bypass auctions and directly contact growers. Taking this into account, we have decided to offer clients what they want. Auctioneers will offer services in the form of bundles. Clients can customize their bundles as per their needs. 3. Situational Analysis 3.1. SWOT Analysis Strengths: * Rich heritage ( Considered America’s original motorcycle company) * Strong brand equity because of snowmobiles and off-road vehicles * Strong supply chain and distribution channel of parent company (Polaris): Polaris' marketing activities are designed to promote and communicate directly with consumers as well as to assist the selling and marketing efforts of its dealers and distributors. The company provides and advertises discount or rebate programs...
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...mangers and policy makers of motorbike industry,helping them to analyzing the factors which are affecting while driving their industry to different countries of the world. Throughout the last few year,the acronym PESTLE has been suffering a numbers of changes,but it seem to be the most important factor which is helpful for decision-makers of royal-Enfield to analysis the current situation of the that country where industry expands.There are six factors which are influencing PESTLE analysis. Political factors include areas such as taxation policy, law labor of law,transportation problems and stable political environment. Furthermore, governments have great influence proposal that limit number of motorcycles being sold in the country because Indian currency changes everyday with the comparison of UK pounds.The changes of currency means the changes of price of products and demand of product like royal Enfield are also changes which means recession are enter into the market so UK government take some steps to solved the this problem.Royal Enfield sales would affect by this issue.Furthermore UK consumers pay higher pre-tax prices for Motorbikes than anyone else in the Europe.Government is keen to attract foreign firms to invest in UK. Economical factors include economical stability,rate of interest,currency rate[market Recerch report{2013}] . These are factors which puts impacts on the operation of business and accrucul decisions. This is because the rate of interest and the currency...
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...universe. Their cosmologies connected them with all animate and inanimate beings. Indians moved in a sentient world, managing its bounty and diversity carefully lest they upset the spirit "bosses," who balanced and endowed that world. They acknowledged the power of Mother Earth and the mutual obligation between hunter and hunted as coequals. Indians celebrated the earth's annual rebirth and offered thanks for her first fruits. They ritually addressed and prepared the animals they killed, the agricultural fields they tended, and the vegetal and mineral materials they processed. They used song and ritual speech to modify their world, while physically transforming that landscape with fire and water, brawn and brain. They did not passively adapt, but responded in diverse ways to adjust environments to meet their cultural as well as material desires. The pace of change in Indian environments increased dramatically with Euroamerican contact. Old World pathogens and epidemic diseases, domesticated plants and livestock, the disappearance of native flora and fauna, and changing resource use patterns altered the physical and cultural landscape of the New World. Nineteenth-century removal and reservation policies reduced the continental scope of Indian lands to mere islands in the stream of American settlement. Reservations themselves were largely unwanted or remote environments of little perceived economic value. Indian peoples lost even that land as the General Allotment Act of 1887 divided reservations...
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...Americans have had an immediate and reciprocal relationship with their natural environments. At contact, they lived in relatively small groups close to the earth. They defined themselves by the land and sacred places, and recognized a unity in their physical and spiritual universe. Their cosmologies connected them with all animate and inanimate beings. Indians moved in a sentient world, managing its bounty and diversity carefully lest they upset the spirit "bosses," who balanced and endowed that world. They acknowledged the power of Mother Earth and the mutual obligation between hunter and hunted as coequals. Indians celebrated the earth's annual rebirth and offered thanks for her first fruits. They ritually addressed and prepared the animals they killed, the agricultural fields they tended, and the vegetal and mineral materials they processed. They used song and ritual speech to modify their world, while physically transforming that landscape with fire and water, brawn and brain. They did not passively adapt, but responded in diverse ways to adjust environments to meet their cultural as well as material desires. The pace of change in Indian environments increased dramatically with Euroamerican contact. Old World pathogens and epidemic diseases, domesticated plants and livestock, the disappearance of native flora and fauna, and changing resource use patterns altered the physical and...
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...should be a representative of all the people. Andrew Jackson played a large part in shaping our democracy today. (Andrew Jackson, 2013) Andrew Jackson played a vital role in the shaping of the United States modern democracy. Many opponents of Jackson believe that he should not be on the $20 dollar bill because of his decisions towards Native Americans and the fact that he owned several hundred slaves. Although these are true facts regarding Andrew Jackson I don’t feel as though they are reason enough to remove him from the $20 dollar bill. We have to think about the time frame that Andrew Jackson was elected president in. During this time slavery was not against the law and was not uncommon. Yes, Andrew Jackson played a large role in the Indian removal act but again this was not uncommon during the era that Andrew Jackson was President. Is it right to say a President was a bad president because he was following the social norm of his time? Although Andrew Jackson had several controversies surrounding his Presidency he still was considered to be a successful...
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...of the Indian traveller Low penetration of travel The Me Effect: Changing types of travellers The growth of the business traveller The female business traveller The VFR traveller The young traveller The Red Tape Effect: the breaking down of barriers to travel Barriers still impeding Indian travellers The Leapfrog Effect: technology changing the way that Indian travellers behave The rise of mobility The collaborative traveller – India leading the way The need for capacity at the budget end of the market The need for greater budget airline infrastructure Infrastructure – the cruise opportunity The rail opportunity The Barbell Effect: growth at the upper and lower ends of the travel market in India The Indian luxury traveller The growth of the budget traveller Summary: The changing face of the Indian traveller Appendix Our approach Contributors 3 4 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 13 14 14 15 16 17 17 18 19 19 19 Shaping the future of travel in Asia Pacific 3 Foreword While the 21st century has been termed the “Asian Century”, the term “Indian Century” is equally apt as the tremendous pace of economic development in India will drive the country to a leading place in the global economy along with other markets such as China. In terms of the travel industry, India represents the emerging giant of the Asia Pacific travel market, as the number of Indian travellers will grow exponentially over the next 20 years. But alongside growth in traveller numbers, the nature of the Indian traveller...
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...and to maintain high standards. The café is run according to the standards maintained by the Barista Lavazza in India. Our management-team, constantly reinforce and evaluate these standards. Management Team G.M Achyut Parajuli Asst. G.M Deepa Karmocha H.R Manager Tenzin Samdup Account Manager Nutan Bhusal Duty Manager Sandhya Rai Sales and marketing Subhadra Dhakal History Established in February 2000, Barista Lavazza is noted as a pioneer of Indian café culture. The Barista Lavazza chain of espresso bars delivers a truly Italian coffee experience in warm, friendly and relaxed environments. It aims to provide a comfortable place for people to unwind over interesting conversations and a cup of coffee. The people who fill up Barista Lavazza consist of young adults, who are exposed to global lifestyles and appreciate the authentic flavours and tastes of coffee. Currently there are Barista Lavazza Espresso Bars and Barista Crème Lavazza’s in over 30 cities in India. Besides the Indian sub-continent, Barista Lavazza also has cafes in locations across Sri Lanka, Oman and the UAE. Barista is owned by Lavazza, Italy’s largest coffee company. Created using only the purest raw materials, Lavazza uses the strength of its experience and advanced technological resources to successfully spread the unique and unmistakable taste of its espresso. Today, it is legendary in terms of quality and recognized the world over as the symbol of Italian espresso. It is the...
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...Indian Camp - by Ernest Hemingway The title doesn’t say much about the story. The title is very short, simple, and already now, we’re seeing examples of the iceberg technique. The iceberg technique is, when the author only writes about 10% of the essentials in the story. The reader has to read the last 90% between the lines. I think another reason why the title is so simple, might be that the whole story is based on Nick’s story. He chose a title that would fit into Nick’s world. Nick is just a little kid in this story, which is seen by how he sits in his father’s arms for comfort. As a little kid, a title with much meaning and a lot of complicated words doesn’t make much sense. A reason why Ernest Hemingway chose to let the title be as if it was Nick’s choice, might be that Ernest Hemingway identifies himself with Nick. Hemingway’s father was also a doctor, so he had a lot of experiences, maybe familiar to the one we hear about in the story. It is seen that Nick appears a lot in Ernest Hemingway’s stories. In every story Nick grows older and the title’s complexity also grows. We see Nick in different situations from different perspectives in every story. When I compare the introduction to the ending, I’m thinking about the change that Nick goes through. For instance, on the way to the camp in the boat, Nick is sitting in his father's arms. On the way back, Nick sits on the opposite end of the boat. The fact that Nick sits across from his father in the boat on...
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...1. Indian currency (INR) has depreciated close to 22% in the last 1 year. In the article we will try to study the concerns of a country facing depreciating currency, the factors that led to this depreciation and the measures government can take to stabilize the situation. Most importantly we will see if global economic uncertainty rides over all the other domestic factors to determine strength of a currency especially in developing economies. Why don’t we need a depreciating INR? The persistent decline in rupee is a cause of concern. Depreciation leads to imports becoming costlier which is a worry for India as it meets most of its oil demand via imports. Apart from oil, prices of other imported commodities like metals, gold etc will also rise pushing overall inflation higher. Even if prices of global oil and commodities decline, the Indian consumers might not benefit as depreciation will negate the impact. The depreciating rupee will add further pressure on the overall domestic inflation and since India is structurally an import intensive country, as reflected in the high and persistent current account deficits month after month, the domestic costs will rise on account of rupee depreciation. Exchange rate risk also drives away foreign investors which in turn depreciates the local currency. Indian Rupee is currently caught in this vicious cycle; it will have to find a stable level to regain investors’ confidence. The depreciating rupee has serious effects on the external debt...
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...the year 1930.Tata group one of the prominent industry in India launched Tata airlines (India’s first airline services) After the emergence of the airline industry in India, after two decades more eight private players started their business but their operations were quite restricted. These airlines proved to be a failure despite constant support from the government. As a result Air traffic enquiry committee was formed constituted by government of India recommended the nationalization of airlines. The air corporations Act 1953 was formulated and the two entities were nationalized namely Indian airlines corporation (IA) and Air India International (AI). The act restricted private players until 1986. In 1990’s private sector was allowed to reenter the market with the wave of the economic liberalization. This was the time when LCC concept in India was brought into picture in the Indian market. By March 1994 the government had approved six private carriers to commence the domestic services. But despite two carriers all others closed and filed insolvency. This duopoly continued till 2003, this duopoly was challenged by air Deccan in 2003 with its concept of LCC which made this industry emerge in India which proved to be a turning point in this industry. Air Deccan with its entry brought into picture special discounts, promotional fares, check fares, web fares and corporate discounts or plans. The reasons for the growth of aviation industry were as follows :- • Need...
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