...Atlantic Chattel Slavery Through the progression of slavery, we see a gradual but dramatic change the way people viewed slaves. Many factors aided the deterioration of treatment towards slaves from a people to property mindset. Whether it was the beginning of the African Slave Trade, the economic driven cash crops, British laws passed to control slaves or the development of British Low Country each factor belittled the human aspect of a slave. To understand how one gets labeled as “cattle” we must understand where it came from. We first look at the beginning treatment of slaves to gather a comparison on how it differed from Atlantic Chattel Slavery. Slaves in the early east Africa were generally war captives of conquering dynasties. Islamic religion helped to maintain the humanity of these war captives. They were accepted as a member of the family (nation) but the lowest ranking one. Islamic members who owned slaves had obligations to educate and convert them to Islam. They also made it illegal to sell children from their parent which in turn was a cultural device to bring outside people into the society. After two generations of slavery these families were accepted into the society. Slaves during this time would also live to the same standards as their owners. This means a slave owned by a wealthy person would have a better lifestyle (clothes, food, etc.) than a poorer one. Slavery was still not a positive experience but when we compare to the lifestyle of Caribbean/America...
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...103 The Origins of Slavery in America The institution of slavery is a black mark on the history of America. The atrocities that were allowed to occur for hundreds of year are revolting to think about. History books and classes often detail the horrors of slavery, and the effects it had on our agricultural economy. However, they do not really explain why the practice of slavery was allowed to flourish in the colonies. They just present the facts of its occurrence. They do not consider the mindset of the people who thought it was justifiable to enslave a specific race. This paper seeks to answer this question using evidence from the studies of Degler, the Handlins, and Morgan. Slavery was not brought into existence by any one singular variable. It is a combination of attitudes and circumstance. Specifically, a preexisting discrimination of darker skinned people by the British and colonists led to the foundation and inconsistent growth of slavery, while the economic factors caused for its widespread acceptance. For instance, there are many more cases of blacks being treated as slaves before the legal status of slave came into existence than there are of whites. In Degler’s article Genesis of American Race Paradox, he argues that racial discrimination was present from the beginning and that the institution of slavery was just the law catching up with the practice (Degler). This essay agrees with and will use many of the points he makes to argue how a predetermined attitude...
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...During the 17th century a great separation of one powerful country took place. This separation was from the newly founded colonies and their successor Great Britain. The newly born child quickly grew into a teenager, becoming more feisty and independent with every step away from it’s mother; and its cradling of power was no longer desired or required. This child was the soon to be glory of the thirteen colonies and no other could play the role of the overbearing mother then Britain itself. The name of this great emancipation is the American Revolution. The American revolution took the first great strides towards a greater future. It turned thirteen colonies previously owned and controlled by so called “great“ Britain into a flourishing country...
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...general who helped the colonies gain their freedom from the British. As the first president of a young country, he helped form the government and laws that still exist today. How he acted as president would affect the office from that time on. Washington was born February 11, 1731 in Virginia, which at the time was a British colony. According to the New World Encyclopedia, “Washington was the oldest child from his father’s second marriage. Washington had two older half-brothers: Lawrence and Augustine, Jr and four younger siblings: Betty, Samuel, John Augustine and Charles.” (2) Washington’s parents were of British descent and his father was a plantation owner, which included slaves....
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...world, a fact that rocked the socio-political, economic, and moral foundations of the Caribbean.[1] However, in the period following the Revolution, there is a noted increase of slavery in the Caribbean as a whole. Did the success of the Haitian uprising merely serve as a lesson for Caribbean planters and reinforce the slave society? To answer this question one must examine the factors that led to the Revolution’s success both externally, in the European metropoles, and internally, in the psychological and socio-political dynamics of Caribbean societies. Therefore, the Haitian Revolution appeared to impede abolition in the Caribbean in the short term because it reinforced white stereotypes of African savagery and inferiority, convinced planters of the danger of liberal and abolitionist ideals, and created a large void in the coffee and sugar markets which other colonies quickly filled by introducing more slave labor. While these effects should not be minimized, they were merely the logical aftershock of the tumultuous events in the established racial hierarchy. Ultimately, the Haitian Revolution was a major turning point in abolitionist history because it restructured the balance of power in the Caribbean thereby allowing a political gap for British abolitionists, the first organized anti-slavery movement from a metropole, to enter and because it drastically altered the psyche of enslaved Africans throughout the Caribbean world by proving that the combination of external...
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...Republic 1) How did Haiti and the Dominican Republic begin? What European countries influenced the development of these nations? - Haiti and the Dominican Republic is an island with two countries of Hispaniola. Haiti makes up 1/3 of the island while the Dominican Republic makes up the rest of the 2/3 of the island. The Dominican Republic contains a mix blood of Afro-European population with the history of Spanish colonialism, while Haiti has African-caribbean population with the background of french colonialism. 2) What role did colonization have in the development of the concept of race in the Dominican Republic? What are the differences between the concept of race in Haiti and the Domincan Republic? What is the meaning of the term "Indio" in the Domincan Republic? How do Indios see the Haitians? - In 1492, Christopher Columbus was a huge influence in the colonization of the Dominican Republic. The hispaniola island originally had the majority of the population of african americans. The colonization had a diversity of european and african mix. The Dominican Republic has more of a lighter skinned population whereas Haiti has more of a darker skinned population. People in the Dominican Republic describe individual races by blanco which means white and indio which means darker skinned. Indios reject Haiti and are in denial of african ancestry. 3) What is the role of the sugar cane industry in both countries? How did the change to cattle raising affect slavery in the Dominican...
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...Constitutional Convention, the Articles of Confederation, and the emergence of a democratic nation. SLO5. Explain the U.S. Constitution as it related to the separation of powers, checks and balances, the Bill of Rights, and the major principles of democracy. SLO6. Evaluate the Jeffersonian dream of expansion and its effect on Native Americans SLO7. Describe Jacksonian democracy and the creation of a two party system SLO8. Explain slavery and associated issues that led to the Civil War and its aftermath. Module Titles Module 1—Early American exploration and colonization (SLO1) Module 2—British colonies (SLO2) Module 3—Road to the Revolution and the American Revolution (SLO3) Module 4—Early Republic (SLO4 and SLO5) Module 5—Jacksonian America (SLO 6 and SLO7) Module 6—Road to the Civil War (SLO8) Module 7—Civil War (SLO8) Module 8—Shaping American history: Signature Assignment (all SLOs) Module 1 Early Exploration and Contact with Native Americans Welcome to HIS 120: U.S. History and the Constitution How to be Successful in the Course Each module has a lecture homepage, reading assignments, required videos, and two threaded discussions. You should can find your required reading articles through the internet and TUW library databases to learn more about the subject matter pertinent to the module. Although there are no textbooks, you are provided with links...
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... Discussion Questions: 2) Explain how the Mercantilist System worked and what role did the North American Colonies play in this system. Reference specific examples of laws, products, etc. The Mercantilist System, utilizing mercantilism, was a system with the main goal as having a favorable balance in commerce by having more goods being exported than imported. England imposed mercantilism on the Northern American colonies to generate more wealth for the British empire and basically have a trade monopoly. The role of the colonies was to provide England, and only England, with raw resources and then England would provide the colonies and the global market with British manufactured goods at a beneficial price (for England). One way that England did this was through the Navigation Acts, which banned foreign powers from conducting any trade with the North American colonies that belonged to England. This supposedly allowed for all raw colonial resources to go to England via English ships and not to the competing powers like the Dutch or French. To even further their profits, England passed the Revenue Act of 1673 which placed a tax on sugar and tobacco exports from the British colonies. However, the Navigation Acts were not very effective; a lot of illegal trading occurred between the English settlers and Dutch and French merchants. In expressing defiance, the Massachusetts Bay Assembly even went as far as claiming that English laws did not affect the New World. As a result of the illegal...
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...London. A century later, nearly 450,000 occupied the streets of London. People began to migrate to the “new world” in hopes of improving their circumstances. Economic expansion was necessary in order for government and private organizations to maximize their profits. The economic expansion demanded cheap labor, the ability to buy and sell products to other countries, natural resources and land. After the Revolutionary War, the government met these requirements by meeting these demands by providing European factories and markets the materials they needed to manufacture products. This allowed imperial merchants to establish trading posts and warehouses, created transportation among these colonies. However, this new trading opportunity also created conflict among the colonies. Imperial colonies often fought with each other over the best potential resources, markets and trades. Imperial nations and citizens wanted to explore other...
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...because many natives in the lands they were taking over died due to sickness they had never seen. Not only did explorers from Europe brings new disease to the new world but they brought syphilis over to Europe that had never been an issue until the exploration period began. The Columbian exchange wasn’t just an interaction between the new world and Europe. Trading between Africa allowed through the Atlantic provided new materials like oats, cattle, and other diseases. Technology rose allowing new forms of weaponry like guns gunpowder allowed the Chinese technology to come through in European militia. The Columbian Exchange was the first time the world had interacted on such a global scale and brought a lot of change to trade, expansion, and...
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...Negative effects of slave revolts in the Caribbean * Slave revolts in the Caribbean such as the rebellion of Sam Sharpe/Christmas Rebellion (1831), tended to harden positions among plantation owners in defense of slavery. * Slave uprisings, or rebellions and revolts, were frequent and were ferociously put down by plantation owners. The idea was to put off future rebels by showing them how any rebellion would be punished. Participants of rebellions were often publicly killed ‘by progressive mutilation, slow burnings, breaking on the wheel. * Lead to suppression of abolitionist expression in the Caribbean and dissuaded some against abolition. * The Abolitionist movement in the Caribbean really didn't grow until the 1840s and 50s, so from the Berbice/Coffy Revolt (1763) to the uprisings in Haiti (1791), there was relatively little abolitionist sentiment in the Caribbean. * Some would argue what the rebellions actually did was scare slave owners in the Caribbean, and lead to a series of legal reforms and slave codes designed to make revolts more difficult. * Slave owners through-out the region suffered massive destruction of property and loss of lives. Positive Effects of slave revolts in the Caribbean * Antislavery movements grew stronger and bolder, especially in Great Britain, and the colonial slaves themselves became increasingly more restless. * The impact of the Haitian Revolution (1791) was both immediate and widespread. The antislavery...
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...1. Northwest Ordinances This topic took place from 1784 to 1787 seeking for outlining how territories would be organized and new states created. To be recognized as territory or state, basic rights, public education, and forbid slavery should be guaranteed. In addition, if a territory has more than 60,000 people, they can become a state, which means that they could vote for senators, president, and get more benefits and tax return with the federal government. This occurred when the different colonies or states wanted to get more power and political representation in the congress, and trying to decrease slavery. 2. Articles of Confederation Approved on November 15, 1777, the Articles of Confederation were created in the national government...
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...Enslavement was a big element of the economy in the colonies prior to the Revolutionary War, and after the independence America gained, it was part of one of the key money-making industries. Many of our founding fathers arose from the south: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and even James Madison. When it came to writing the constitution, it was a conflict of to retain or eliminate slavery in this new country. Several of the northern states had already done away with slavery, but it was a necessity for the southern financial system. The southern elites, like Landon Carter, have lived with slaves their whole life and knew nothing immoral about it. In fact, numerous men like Carter thought the black race to be inferior and it was the duty...
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...Prof Smith Midterm 1301 1. Briefly discuss the political, ideological and military causes of the American Revolution. a. The colonist were confident in their local form of power that has been in function for over 150 years and therefor resented the parliament for stepping in and managing affairs without any representation of the colonies. Accumulate power – insulted – stamp act – sons of liberty – tar and feathers- stamp act congress(new york) came up with no taxation without representations inspired from Daniel Delaney “considerations” - b. The colonists justified their rebellion against the government based on the philosophy of John Lock, in which he wrote that the creation of government was formed in order to protect the natural rights granted to each human of life, liberty, and property. He therefore claimed that if the government violates these rights, the citizens have the right to revolt and claim what is theirs. Well read – drew from John Lock – glorious revolution =parlemant exiles stuarts and invited new dynasty - c. The colonist feared the pressures of a free standing army present and the monarchal environment it would create. Delcloratory act – colonists heckles soldiers leading to boston massacre – first black marder – john adams defends and wins 2. Briefly discuss the significance of all of the following: the Tea Act, the Boston Tea Party, the Coercive Acts, The First Continental Congress. - Tea act not repealed – merchents no longer make...
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...pattern having lived here for longer. Without their help, the immigrants would found the land very tough to inhabit and possibly they might have turn back away discouraged. Water is essential in every part of the human life, for example, cooking, cleaning, growth of crops and animal rearing. As it shapes individual livelihood, so does it shape families and communities. The white people who had experienced civilization centuries earlier were able to expel forcefully the natives and begin massively controlling the land all the way from the coast to the inland. The presence of good harbors and ports contributed to the influx of foreigners while the good productive land and adequate rainfall provided an incentive to stay. This essay will examine how the early settlers and subsequent generations utilized this resource in individual capacity to the community across various aspects of life, that is, economic, social and political uses. However, some methods are not clear cut and may overlap across certain fields. For the economic and political sectors. Economic The American land was...
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