...Media Inequalities Abstract Today as in the past, mass media plays a very significant role in our lives. Individuals get information about people and places they have never actually met or seen. My research explains the media inequalities shared by minorities and media ownership. It also explains the influence a few companies have over the media industry and how minorities make little progress, whether in front of the camera or in influential positions behind it. In addition, much work has been done to bring forward this issue. With the help of special interest groups and other agencies there is a push to bringing diversity into the mainstream media business. Thesis Analysis of the mainstream media reflects inequalities for minorities and women. Of grave concern is the mass media’s negative approach to educating our society through what we perceive is open knowledge in the media, and poor media oversight. The media is undoubtedly important and there is extensive evidence that it both reflects and shapes society and individuals in both positive and negative ways. The issue of control and ownership of the media, and the extent to which this affects society, remain problematic and predominately white male media ownership. According to the article (Media Stereotyping, 2010) “media stereotypes are inevitable, especially in the advertising, entertainment and news industries, which need as wide an audience as possible to quickly understand information.” The passage...
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... of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, sitting by designation. 2 No. 11‐1837 lenges the legal basis for his convictions on failing to file reports of foreign bank accounts and also contests the district court’s decision to limit the evidence he could present in his defense on the false income tax return counts. He also contends that the court erred in its rulings on jury instructions, and he maintains that a reversal on some counts necessarily requires reversal on other counts. We affirm. I. James Simon is a Certified Public Accountant, a professor of accounting, and an entrepreneur whose business dealings require a flowchart to unravel. At the center of Simon’s financial life was JAS Partners, a Colorado limited partnership. Simon and his wife Denise1 each owned one percent of JAS Partners. The Simon Family Trust (hereafter “the Trust”), based in the Cook Islands, owned the other ninety‐eight percent. The Trust existed for the benefit of Simon, his wife and their children; the trustees were a Cook Islands corpora‐ tion and a retired attorney. Simon’s sisters, Sherri Johnson and...
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...Relativism and Morality Donna Hare Ashford University Introduction to Ethics & Social Responsibility SOC 120 Vahik Ovanessian November 25, 2012 Relativism and Morality In Lenn E. Goodman’s article “Some Moral Minima,” he argues that there are some things that are just wrong. I will discuss some of the issues discussed and give my opinion as to whether I agree or disagree with his opinions. Relativism in itself is whether an action is right or wrong that depends on the moral norms of the society in which it is practiced. What may be morally right in one culture can be viewed as morally wrong in another. In saying this, I do not believe that it will ever be possible to accomplish moral standards equally universally to apply to all people at all times. Different societies with their differences on moralism make it impossible to resolve moral disputes or to reach an agreement on ethical matters. The moral standards that each society practices really can only be judged by their own society. The areas that Lenn Goodman discussed is genocide, politically induced famine (depravation), germ warfare, terrorism, hostage taking, child warrior, polygamy, incest, slavery, rape, and female genital cutting. Lenn Goodman first discusses “Genocide, Famine, and Germ Warfare.” I agree with the statement that because murder destroys a human subject, it is wrong. I believe all societies know murder is wrong in of itself generally speaking. On the other hand, I believe...
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...On April 14th, 2005, the United States House passed a business sought bankruptcy bill with a 302-126 vote, while the Senate had passed it on March 10th, with a 74-25 vote. Bankruptcy reform was initially introduced in 1998, but had difficulty in getting passed until now. This bill is a huge victory for credit card companies and retailers, but will undoubtedly affect millions of Americans in a negative manner (www.onlin.wsj.com/20050415). The bill is the first major change to the bankruptcy laws in twenty-seven years (www.pbs.org/3.25.05). The bill will make it harder for consumers to eliminate their debt with the use of bankruptcy. There are now new restrictions and a “means-test”, which determine if consumers can have their debts erased by Chapter 7 bankruptcy or Chapter 13 bankruptcy. The bill also makes attorneys liable for any inaccuracies in their clients’ bankruptcy filings. This bill has several controversial issues associated with it and will be explained later, along with the actual provisions of the bill. To understand the controversy, one must first understand what bankruptcy is and the difference between Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 bankruptcy filings. Chapter 7 bankruptcy is a liquidation proceeding in which the debtor turns over all of their non-exempt property to a bankruptcy trustee who converts it to cash to pay off the creditors. Within four months, the debtor is usually relieved of all obligations. In many cases, the debtor has no assets to lose, so Chapter...
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...reality of homelessness that dawn on them they turn to alcohol and drugs. Coupled with all the problems these homeless veterans experience social problems such as isolation. For this reason, they have no one to share their pains with and, therefore, they rarely receive help for treatable conditions such as addiction (Center for American Progress, 2008). Economic stressors are a root cause of homelessness for American veterans. The skills acquired from their military service, for many, fail to translate to job marketable skills or experience. Subsequently, female homeless veterans are less likely than male homeless veterans to secure jobs (Alker, 2009). That being said, it does not help that many veterans may come from disadvantaged families that are unable to undergird them as they return to civilian life. Additionally, the existing economic stressors...
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...Principles of Measurement Mosso member of the FASB FASB’s Conceptual Framework project over the period 1973-1985 Define measurement Measurement is the assignment of numerals and other symbols to represent the magnitude of an attribute of a phenomenon Phenomenon A thing or event of interest E.g. a table, a performance, an exam Attribute A characteristic or quality of the phenomenon to be measured Magnitude The extent to which the phenomenon has the attribute Often we can’t directly observe a phenomenon of interest We need to find a substitute Direct observation- the only time we can accurately observe the attribute and phenomenon How happy is the baby? Phenomenon-baby Attribute-happiness Can you measure this attribute directly? NO Smiles per hour Laughter per day Financial Statements: When investors focus on a company’s net income, is net income necessarily the investors’ attribute of interest Firm performance Firm future performance What two things do accounting measures often represent Performance- what have we done? Position- what do we have? Business Strategy and Accounting USSBA Too many teams to manage What is strategy according to Porter? Strategy is creating a fit among an organization’s activities (to enable it to realize its goal or mission). The success of a strategy depends on doing many things well and integrating among them Operational Effectiveness versus Strategic Positioning Operational effectiveness Performing similar activities...
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...loatient Protection and Affordable Care Act (RL. 111-148) (now more commonly called the Affordable Care Act [ACA]) are fully implemented by 2014, approximately 32 million Americans who currently do not have health insurance coverage will be covered, and coverage will be more affordable for many millions more. The ACA makes vital improvements to health care access, quality, and services for millions of Americans with health and behavioral health needs. Social workers practice as part of health caretailing the factors necessitating health care reform in the United States. Second, it analyzes whether a constitutionally protected right to make personal health care decisions exists under the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments' Due Process Clauses. Finally, the article analyzes the susceptibility of government-sponsored health care-specifically proposals which include a public option-to due process challenges and makes suggestions to avoid any potential fundamental rights violations. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] quirement to purchase health insurance. It also examines some recent Canadian constitutional law cases to anticipate possible future legal challenges to health care reform in the United States. INTRODUCTION The question of the reform of the American system of financing health care has, of course, recently been a central focus of debate in American politics. Because the author of this paper is something of a "political junkie" and keeping current on this issue seemed a desirable...
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...1/13/16 The Basics of the Legal System – Chapters 1 & 4 Sources of Law in the U.S 1. The Constitution * The U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the land * The U.S Constitution establishes the federal government and enumerates its powers * The body of the constitution * Creates the three branches of government and grants certain powers to each branch * The amendments to the constitution * Protect individual rights by putting limitations on the governments ability to act in certain ways * Amendments protect the government, not private individuals The Legislative Branch * Created by Article 1 of the Constitution * House of Representative * Senate * Responsible for the creation of new laws * Congress is generally responsible for where the money comes from and where the money is spent * All statutes start as BILLS * Bills must be passed by both the House and the Senate * Bills that pass both houses must be signed into law by the president or.. * The president can VETO the bill * If signed by the president the Bill becomes a STATUTE 2. Statues, Codes and Ordinances * Statutes are enacted by Congress and state legislatures * Ordinances are enacted by municipalities and local government agencies * Code = Codified Law = Statute The Executive Branch * Created by Article 2 of the Constitution * President * Vice President * Cabinet Members * Responsible...
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...C O D E C ODE v e r s i o n 2 . 0 L A W R E N C E L E S S I G A Member of the Perseus Books Group New York Copyright © 2006 by Lawrence Lessig CC Attribution-ShareAlike Published by Basic Books A Member of the Perseus Books Group Printed in the United States of America. For information, address Basic Books, 387 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016–8810. Books published by Basic Books are available at special discounts for bulk purchases in the United States by corporations, institutions, and other organizations. For more information, please contact the Special Markets Department at the Perseus Books Group, 11 Cambridge Center, Cambridge MA 02142, or call (617) 252-5298, (800) 255-1514 or e-mail special.markets@perseusbooks.com. CIP catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN-10: 0–465–03914–6 ISBN-13: 978–0–465–03914–2 06 07 08 09 / 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Code version 1.0 FOR CHARLIE NESSON, WHOSE EVERY IDEA SEEMS CRAZY FOR ABOUT A YEAR. Code version 2.0 TO WIKIPEDIA, THE ONE SURPRISE THAT TEACHES MORE THAN EVERYTHING HERE. C O N T E N T S Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the First Edition Chapter 1. Code Is Law Chapter 2. Four Puzzles from Cyberspace PART I: “REGULABILITY” ix xiii 1 9 Chapter 3. Is-Ism: Is the Way It Is the Way It Must Be? Chapter 4. Architectures of Control Chapter 5. Regulating Code PART II: REGULATION BY CODE 31 38 61 Chapter 6. Cyberspaces Chapter 7. What Things Regulate...
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...Born This Way - A Research Paper on Transgender Everyone has a gender; it is a thing affects everything in our lives. It affects how we act like and look like every day. However, have you ever thought about what is gender? Gender is the thing that describes the characteristics that a society or culture delineates as masculine or feminine (Nobelius). Today, most of the countries define gender base on the physical and genetic sexuality at birth. There is at least one transgender person, whose self-gender identity is different from the assigned gender sex at birth, in each 100 people (NCTE). Under the rules of our society, there are at least 70 million people living in the world without their identity. Loss of identity also comes with life-threatening discriminations and inequities to them. To solve this serious problem and to improve the harmony of the society, gender’s definition should be redefined to include transgender and not only base on the physical sexuality at birth. Before everything else, the most important question is: what is transgender? From the definition of Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation, transgender is the state of one's self gender identity not matching one's assigned sex which based on physical sexuality at birth (GLAAD). To be easier to imagine, I would use a simple example. Imagine that your name is Tom. One day, while you are sleeping, someone assigns “Peter” as your name. After that, everyone starts calling you “Peter” while you can never...
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...Guenther Abstract What does it mean to be treated like a nonhuman animal? In this paper, I analyze the discourse of “dehumanization” in Madrid v Gomez, a 1995 Eighth Amendment case concerning the treatment of prisoners at California’s Pelican Bay Supermax Penitentiary. I argue that the language of dehumanization fails to describe the harm of solitary confinement because it remains complicit with a hierarchical opposition between human and nonhuman animal that rebounds against prisoners, especially those who have been racialized and/or sexualized as less than human. Humanist discourse neglects the sense in which both human and nonhuman animals are affective, corporeal beings who rely upon the support of others for their own capacity to orient themselves within a mutually-perceived world. Drawing on the testimony of inmates in solitary confinement, and situating this testimony in relation to the political and scientific history of US incarceration practices, I develop a post-humanist critique of solitary confinement. Keywords: Solitary confinement, sensory deprivation, intercorporeal Malebranche would not have beaten a stone as he beat his dog, saying that the dog didn’t suffer. Merleau-Ponty, Nature, 166 Certain carceral practices are often condemned – both by prisoners and by their legal or political advocates – on the grounds that they violate human dignity by treating people like nonhuman animals. For example, in the 1995 Eighth Amendment case, Madrid v Gomez, the treatment...
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...| 2014 | | Shahjalal Islami Bank Ltd. Shejoty Mahbub ID:09304014 Submitted to:Md. Tanvir Newaz Senior LecturerBRAC BUSINESS SCHOOL | [Assessing customer satisfaction of sjibl] | [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] | Table of Contents CHAPTER: ONE Introduction 1.1 Background of the report Banks are the key financial institutions that play a vital role in the country’s economy. All sorts of financial and economic activities revolve around the bank. Bank creates and control money-market and promotes formation of capital whereas the industry produces goods and commodities. In a developing country like Bangladesh, banking is a powerful medium to bring socio- economic changes. The bulk of country’s wealth is provided by three important sectors which are- Agriculture, Commerce and Industry. So the nourishment of these three sectors is only possible through satisfactory banking facility. It is a financial intermediary accepting deposits and granting loans offers the widest menu of services of any financial institution. They are the principal source of credit for millions of individuals and firms and for many units of government. Moreover, for small local business ranging from grocery shops to automobile...
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...Kruglyakov Rafael A. Rosillo Pasquale Siciliani Paul Lanois Gloria M. Gasso Kamel Ait El Hadj Yuanyuan Zheng Ana L. Marquez Pumthan Chaichantipyuth Wenzhen Dai Penn Law Summer 2006 I. Introduction and Historical Background A. What the course will cover? This is not an introductory course. You are all lawyers; I shall assume a good deal of professional expertise, and that many of you already have a body of knowledge about American law. The task: prepare you for the coming year, give you the basic grounding that you will need for the courses you are going to start taking in September. For this, you need two things: ♥ A great deal of basic factual information about how the courts and the legal system function, and about basic legal concepts (and legal vocabulary); ♥ But more importantly: background information about some of the critical ways in which the American legal system is unique, and differs from legal systems elsewhere in the world. This is hard: often you will find that your professors or fellow‐students will make assumptions or presuppose certain ways of doing things that aren’t explained in class. A large goal of this course is to explain those assumptions, and make them explicit. >> UNIQUENESS OF AMERICAN LEGAL SYSTEMS Briefly, there are four aspects of the American legal system that set it apart: 1) Inherited common law, existing ...
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...A NEW BIRTH OF FREEDOM?: OBERGEFELL V. HODGES Kenji Yoshino The decision in Obergefell v. Hodges1 achieved canonical status even as Justice Kennedy read the result from the bench. A bare majority held that the Fourteenth Amendment required every state to perform and to recognize marriages between individuals of the same sex.2 The majority opinion ended with these ringing words about the plaintiffs: “Their hope is not to be condemned to live in loneliness, excluded from one of civilization’s oldest institutions. They ask for equal dignity in the eyes of the law. The Constitution grants them that right.”3 While Obergefell’s most immediate effect was to legalize same-sex marriage across the land, its long-term impact could extend far beyond this context. To see this point, consider how much more narrowly the opinion could have been written. It could have invoked the equal protection and due process guarantees without specifying a formal level of review, and then observed that none of the state justifications survived even a deferential form of scrutiny. The Court had adopted this strategy in prior gay rights cases.4 Instead, the Court issued a sweeping statement that could be compared to Loving v. Virginia,5 the 1967 case that invalidated bans on in––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Chief Justice Earl Warren Professor of Constitutional Law, New York University School of Law. I gratefully acknowledge receiving financial support from...
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...Supreme Court of India D. A. V. College Bathinda, Etc vs State Of Punjab & Ors on 5 May, 1971 Equivalent citations: 1971 AIR 1731, 1971 SCR 677 Author: P J Reddy Bench: Sikri, S.M. (Cj), Mitter, G.K., Hegde, K.S., Grover, A.N., Reddy, P. Jaganmohan PETITIONER: D. A. V. COLLEGE BATHINDA, ETC. Vs. RESPONDENT: STATE OF PUNJAB & ORS. DATE OF JUDGMENT05/05/1971 BENCH: REDDY, P. JAGANMOHAN BENCH: REDDY, P. JAGANMOHAN SIKRI, S.M. (CJ) MITTER, G.K. HEGDE, K.S. GROVER, A.N. CITATION: 1971 AIR 1731 1971 SCR 677 ACT: Punjabi University Act, 1961 (35 of 1961), s. 4(3)- University making Punjabi the sole medium of Instruction and examination-Action ultra vires the power conferred by section-Also infringes rights of religious minority to conserve their script and administer their institutions. HEADNOTE: The petitioners are educational institutions founded by the D.A.V. College Trust and Society registered under the Societies Registration Act as an association comprised of Arya Samajis. These institutions were, before the reorganisation of the State of Punjab in 1966, affiliated to the Punjab University constituted under the Punjab University Act, 1947. The Punjabi University was constituted in 1961 by the Punjabi University Act (35 of 1961). After the reorganisation, the Punjab Government under s. 5 (1) of the Act specified the areas in which the Punjabi's University exercised its power and notified the date for the purpose of the section. The effect of the notification...
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