...learning environment, primarily because I need you to participate in order for this class to work. This is a participatory-based class where we will all work together to help each other improve our communication skills. Consequently, you will play an active role in your own learning as well as active role in the learning of the other students in this class. Research has shown that when you are an active participant in a class you increase how much you remember as well as how much you can recall after the semester has ended. However, I have found that when you are an active participant in my class you will look forward to coming to each class session and your fears of public speaking will soon decrease. Since this class is participatory, you will find that you will put a lot of thought and effort into this class. Much learning will occur both in class and out side of class. However, while this class is demanding, I hope that you will both enjoy this experience and learn a great deal about communication, how you communicate, and how to be a better communicator. So, look around at your colleagues next class session, and start to remember some of their names because they will help you this semester. I also encourage each of you to stop by my office to chat. We can work together to help you achieve your educational goals. Sincerely, Dr. Lisa Table of Contents: Library Resources …… ………………………………………………… pages 4 Grading...
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...1.In S.I. Hayakawa’s essay ethos are applied numerously through out. Through out S.I’s essay he refers to his own experience about being an American immigrant along with the interest group he created that gives his credibility. For example, S.I. explained to the audience “several years ago, I helped to establish U.S. English, a Washington D.C.- based public interest group that seeks an amendment to the U.S. constitution declaring English our official language…” (paragraph 3). S.I. also specifies about his own experience of being a Japanese immigrant and knowing the important that learning English is. He mentions “I am keenly aware of the things that blind us as Americans…” (paragraph 4). Also, S.I. states “As a former U.S. senator from California…” (paragraph 17) The usage of his experiences, explaining to the audience the interest group, and referring to his previous senator position gives S.I. his credibility. Ethos are particularly important when writing about this subject because if S.I. didn’t have credibility no one wouldn’t consider his point of view. Having credibility is about the subject connects the audience to the author and gives the reader a sense of understanding. 2. S.I starts his argument by relating back to to World War II when immigrants had trouble interacting with English speakers. He then follows up with his argument about making English the official language and why English should be. Also, tells the problem of why students aren’t learning English...
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... Hammer1 English 102 Prof. Thuran Poem Analysis Essay This essay will examine two poems by Walt Whitman, “A Noiseless Patient Spider” and “When I Heard the Learn’d Astronomer”. These two poems are similar in several ways yet differ in many as well. Each poem can be broken down and analyzed to relate to the human experience. Walt Whitman “A Noiseless Patient Spider” is about a spider as well as one’s soul. Whitman does a great job making two different things similar. A spider’s legs are always moving searching for a good place to make its connections to create its web. The speaker of the poem describes the spider as “a little promontory it stood isolated” (L.2) A promontory is a land mass protruding out surrounded by water. The spider is standing on a ledge protruding out surrounded by a vast emptiness. Whitman says “marked how to explore the vacant vast surrounding” (L.3) meaning the spider is working vigorously to find the correct place for its web. This relates to the second stanza which is about a person’s soul which is alone in the world constantly searching for a companion to quote, “ceaselessly musing, venturing, throwing, and seeking the spheres to connect them.” (L.8). this poem really leaves you to wonder how exactly a person really connects Hammer 2 ...
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...Mastering A Skill 1 Mastering the Skill of Public Speaking The intent of this essay is to outline the benefits of mastering the skill of public speaking. I believe public speaking is one of the singular most important skills a person can master. The art of public speaking has a myriad of benefits associated with it. It allows one to effectively communicate their points of view to others in a public forum as well as a private forum. Looking at our history will give demonstrative proof that mastering public speaking has a tremendous effect not only on the audience but the speaker as well. An example of such would be simply looking at the great leaders of our past. One example would be Martin Luther King. When reviewing, with close scrutiny, Martin Luther King giving public speeches, one realizes that how a speech is given clearly affects its effectiveness. He alone was responsible for affecting the ideals as well as changing the minds and values of millions of people to be congruent with his own. Even today, his speeches are studied in public speaking courses across America. From the inflection of his voice to the tonality of his voice, as well as the rate of which he spoke. Even the unnoticed pauses between points of interest are only a few studied attributes of his speeches. Another great example would be John F. Kennedy. He too was a great persuasive communicator. He is one who comes to mind to a large percent of people who are asked who they think of...
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...“Sophistry and Rhetorical pragmatism” (pp1-30) and West and Turner’s (2010, pp.312-327) discussion of “Rhetoric”. This essay is a review of Stephen Mailloux’s discussion of Sophistry and Rhetorical pragmatism (Mailloux, 1995) and West and Turner’s discussion of Rhetoric (West & Turner, 2010). The writings in question discuss the origins and evolution of Rhetoric, with Mailloux introduce a historical and philosophical criticism of “sophistic Rhetoric as applied in the modern American context” (for example, neopragmatism and poststructuralism), and evaluated in the rest of the book, whilst West and Turner enlighten the reader about the heurism and globalism of Aristotle’s Rhetorical theory with a focus on the discipline of public speaking. Mailloux introduces sophistic Rhetoric as founded on the pragmatic doctrine that “Man is the measure of all things: of things which are, that they are, and of things which are not, that they are not”, a phrase attributed to the Sophist Protagoras (Patrick, 2006). Others Sophists of note include Gorgias, Prodicus, Hippias and Thrasymachus – quoted in Plato’s Republic as saying “… ‘Just’ or ‘right’ means nothing but what is to the interest of the stronger party” (Plato & Lane, 2007)). West and Turner’s account of the Rhetoric show that the first teachers of Rhetoric were the "Sophists”, who were nomadic teachers of public speaking that were respected for their intellect and subsequently paid highly for their teachings. A modern understanding...
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...individuals laugh and put individuals in a great mood. “According to persuasion theory, people who are in good mood are less likely to disagree with a persuasion…” (Lyttle, 2001, p.207). Your emotions also work together with the way an individual meditates on different issues or situations in our lives. There are many different methods of persuasion techniques that have been used in marketing, public campaign, and in political messages. The authentic message itself is essential as one message can bring about wavering altitudes of emotions and humor for many different people. In human relationship humor is not only significant, but it can help reliefs the pressure and avoid the escalation of conflict, but it is also can be a remedy for your heart, soul, and mind. (Seiter & Gass, 2004). Some individuals have many different opinions on this subject matter, however, regarding the effectiveness of humor in persuasion. After reading Perspective on persuasion, social influence, and compliance, The Effectiveness of humor in persuasion: the case of business ethics training, and The Joint impact of humor and argument strength in a print advertising context: a case for weaker argument I had a few questions that I thought about. There are, what is the appropriate time when an individuals should use humor in marketing, for illustration? What types of humor is restricted in public speeches designed to persuade other individuals? Can humor be used to cross into the ethical boundaries in...
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...keeps the audience guessing who the real ‘savages’ are. Franklin really hit it on the head in this oppositional essay written in 1784. In this brilliant essay Franklin makes observations on how the society of Indians (mostly the six nations of the confederation of Iroquois tribes) differs from that of the white English in America, the main point of his essay being how the Indians are anything but savages. He makes a lot of interesting observations in this essay, first being when he compares the government in the Indian public councils to that of the British House of Commons. First, he talks about how in the Indian council when someone is to speak he rises while the others stay quiet and listen, then wait after he is done for him to recollect anything he has missed, for they see it as "highly indecent" to interrupt the speaker (Lawrence, 1961). Then, he talks about how in the British House of Commons people talk over each other so much that frequently the speaker has to call the house to order. He goes further in comparing European society to the Indians that when the society speaks they have to do so "with great rapidity" otherwise being cut off in the middle of a sentence "by the impatient loquacity of those you converse with" This is a good observation of how Indians, in fact, are more civil to our standards than we are. My favorite part by far of this essay is when the Indian tribes, after...
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...Jonathan Swift 1. Swift wrote "A Modest Proposal" under a pseudonym, so who is the speaker here? The speaker is a Protestant and a member of the Irish upper class. 2. Discuss the tone of the piece. Pull examples from the text to support your discussion. Swift showed disgust for the people who would rather beg than take care of themselves. He says, “These mothers instead of being able to work for their honest livelihood, are forced to employ all their time in strolling to beg sustenance for their helpless infants who, as they grow up, either turn thieves for want of work, or leave their dear native country, to fight for the Pretender in Spain, or sell themselves to the Barbados.” 3. As you know, effective argumentation appeals to logic (logos), ethics (ethos) and emotions (pathos). Please discuss how Swift uses all three appeals and how these tools impact his purpose. Swift appeals to logic by stating the issue at hand. He also appeals to logic by asking why it is the public’s responsibility to take care of these needy families. Swift appeals to pathos and ethos through the diction he uses when describing the problem. He wants the situation to change but he wants it to change for every party. 4. Explain the irony in Swift’s title, "A Modest Proposal." The title is ironic because the proposal is anything but modest. Swift presets an outrageous solution to an ongoing problem. His proposal calls attention to this problem in an extremely eye-catching way. He seems...
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...Ivarsson English 100 – 19 Professor Fisher Essay 4 – draft one December 9, 2014 Intro: The world we live in today is far more globalized than that of our previous generation. Before social media and other instant forms of communication existed, people did not need to worry about speaking a different language or the way it was spoken. Dialects and accents had little meaning because of the barriers that surrounded each community prohibited the inhabitants of much interaction with people from other societies. Today however, people can speak with each other regardless of location, which emphasizes the importance of the power of language. The negative consequences that come from this is that those who do not master a language perfectly or differ from perfect speech are discriminated against in the general community. A phenomenon, which writer Gloria Anzaldúa, who wrote the article “How to Tame a Wild Tongue,” calls “Linguistic Terrorism.” According to her, linguistic terrorism negates not only the speaker, but also the experiences and culture behind that person (Anzaldúa). Thesis: Although language can be used as a tool of power, the use of faulty and imprecise language negates the speaker and causes negative consequences. Body 1, Tan: An accent is an example of imprecise English, which causes people to make negative or positive assumptions about the speaker based on the information that accent reveals. Example: In Amy Tan´s essay “Mother Tongue,” she provides an example...
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...Solvakia Lemon Public Speaking 210-50 Informative Speech September 7, 2011 Chapter 5: Listening to Speeches Listening is an important part of the communication process. It is stated as being the active processing of the information we receive. How well you listen has a major impact on the quality of your relationships with others. Listening is a skill which everyone can benefit from improvement. A great deal of our communication process is devoted to listening. Chapter five focuses on improving your listening skills with suggestions and principles and also identifies barriers that keep people from listening at peak efficiency. In this essay, we will go over all key points and terms that will help you become an effective listener. To become an effective listener we first need to develop certain skills that can be used in stages to guide us through the process. Effective listening involves selecting, attending to, understanding, and remembering the meaning behind the message. The goal as a public speaker is to develop and deliver a speech that audience members will listen and respond to. (62) Although it seems easy, there are barriers that can hinder a speech from being received by the listener. These barriers are referred to as listening barriers. Listening barriers are created when we fail to select, attend to, or understand a message or remember what was said. (62) There are many listening barriers that can vary depending on the individual; however...
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...Speaking Essay March 2012 I'm not a very good speaker. I say "um" a lot. Sometimes I have to pause when I lose my train of thought. I wish I were a better speaker. But I don't wish I were a better speaker like I wish I were a better writer. What I really want is to have good ideas, and that's a much bigger part of being a good writer than being a good speaker. Having good ideas is most of writing well. If you know what you're talking about, you can say it in the plainest words and you'll be perceived as having a good style. With speaking it's the opposite: having good ideas is an alarmingly small component of being a good speaker. I first noticed this at a conference several years ago. There was another speaker who was much better than me. He had all of us roaring with laughter. I seemed awkward and halting by comparison. Afterward I put my talk online like I usually do. As I was doing it I tried to imagine what a transcript of the other guy's talk would be like, and it was only then I realized he hadn't said very much. Maybe this would have been obvious to someone who knew more about speaking, but it was a revelation to me how much less ideas mattered in speaking than writing. [1] A few years later I heard a talk by someone who was not merely a better speaker than me, but a famous speaker. Boy was he good. So I decided I'd pay close attention to what he said, to learn how he did it. After about ten sentences I found myself thinking "I don't want to be a good speaker...
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...-----------Essay l0lz get it? (mehican gangster) Your use of language sends out lots of little messages, not only just about your level of education and where you come from, but how you would like to be perceived. The use of language one uses sends out messages of how the speaker wants to be perceived by others or to the speaker him/herself. People can rapidly change their language depending on situation and context, in the public eye one will choose their language to create an identity or sell a point of view toward how they would like to be perceived. Language can be a determiner of your level of education or a locational marker but these ‘common traits’ are usually quite generalized and will change depending whether an individual is trying to achieve an overt or covert prestige within a group or greater public. Many Australians who have come from overseas speak in an ethnolect; the variety of English these people speak that promotes maintaining or increasing social distance and stresses common bonds, experiences and knowledge between the speakers. It is a way for these migrants to keep their accent and embrace their culture because this is how they would like to be perceived by their cultural groups and how the migrant themself wants to be perceived. A good example of this is the ethnolect variety “wogspeak” (term coined by Jane Warren) which is spoken mainly by ethnic groups of Lebanese and European. Jane Warren states that “Language plays an essential role in the...
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...have to be led by an effective communicator. , It is essential to know that people that withhold leadership positions in organizations need to have strong effective communication skills that are successful within the organizations that suite their positions. Public health organizations such as health departments have leadership communicators who initially, address issues that reflect the present and future of the organization to other members and staff. This is a detailed duty that needs to ensure a person is a superior communicator (Barrett, 2006). Messages that are given from a leadership perspective reflect values of the organization such as vision, mission, and culture (Barrett, 2006). Leadership communicators also focus on consistency expressed through an organizations values in which they communicate frequently within the organization. People that withhold positions in leadership communication strengthen the values and culture within an organization based on organizational values and the mission of the organization (Barrett, 2006). Leadership without good communication is a setback in many organizations, which is why it’s desired for anyone in leadership communication to have certain traits and characteristics. This essay will depict the traits and characteristics needed for success. I chose this as a topic of interest because; many people are unaware of what leadership communication is and the things that they should be aiming towards to become a more effective communicator...
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...first misunderstood a word she has heard so many times before because of the different meanings that the word connotes during different occasions. During family gatherings when she was young, she used to hear the word “nigger” be used in different context. For instance when a person boasts or proudly relates stories, it could mean an approval for strength, intelligence or drive. When nigger is used as a possessive adjective, it could also become a term of endearment for husband or boyfriend. It becomes a word that describes the pure essence of manhood – the struggle and present survival against the odds. On the other hand, nigger(s) could also mean or describe the following: parents who neglect their children, drunken people who fight in public, people who don't look for job, people with excessively dirty mouths or unkempt households. The one she heard when she was at school was used against her. Out of jealousy, the word was used as a curse or derogatory term to humiliate her. For that moment, the word nigger had a negative connotation. But, what about the times it was used positively like what I've mentioned above? Well, according to Naylor, the word itself is harmless but it is the consensus that gives power it. The collective opinion of people controls the meaning of a particular word. 2. Naylor explains what happens when a community decides to take over a word and renegotiate its meaning by giving us examples or a glimpse of her experiences with regards to the use of...
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...Final Essay Nicholas Barnby COM/155 December 8th, 2012 Final Essay Politicians and religious leaders often use messages of fear to convince their supporters that their stances and beliefs are faultless. Throughout history there have been people within positions of power using a specific way to voice their ideals to the masses so that the public can believe in their cause. There are a number of different tools that these people have that can coerce the population in to following the individuals in these seats of power. Usually, the person in power can be a very charming person and has no issues with speaking in a public forum. Natural public speakers can very easily slide into these positions with ease. Over time, the two main seats of power are found within a political and religious setting. At times, the two different factions have combined, making the position of power much more controlling than ever before. With the use of manipulation through fear, political and religious leaders have been able to use this particular method. This way of control is nowhere near a new tactic. In the beginning of life, there is always the aggressor within a group of living organisms. The human race has evolved over time, but there are some, almost instinctual tick that keeps them breaking down into an alpha mentality. The control over the pack using violence or oppression is nothing more than control through fear. Bullying is an example of control through fear that is used within...
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