...Development UK (www.eajournals.org) HISTORY, EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: A CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVE Kipkemboi Jacob Rotich1, Moi University, School of Human Resource Development, Department of Development Studies, P.o Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya. ABSTRACT: Various attempts have been made towards tracing the historical development of the discipline of Human Resource Management (HRM). However, these initiatives have largely been concentrated on certain specific periods of time and experiences of specific countries and regions such as Australia, the USA, the UK and Asia (Nankervis et.al, 2011; Kelly, 2003; Ogier, 2003). This paper attempts to document the entire history of the discipline of Human Resource Management from a holistic perspective. The evolution and development of HRM will be traced right from the pre-historic times through to the postmodern world. Major characteristics in the evolution and development of HRM will also be examined and documented. KEYWORDS: Human Resource Management (HRM), evolution, history INTRODUCTION Defining Human Resource Management (HRM) According to Armstrong (2006) Human Resource Management (HRM) is defined as a strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organization’s most valued assets – the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of its objectives. From this definition, we can deduce that HRM or simply HR is a function in organizations ...
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...often performed differently than they were even decade ago. “As more and more companies use alternative means to accomplish HR tasks, the role of traditional HR manager has changed. HR is now involved more in strategic HR, focusing more on the bottom line of organization and leaving the more administrative tasks to technology or others”, Mondy, R., & Mondy, J. (2012). Human Resource Management, page 39. It has reached its peak in approach and structured practices. There has been a vast change in the implementation compared to system followed at earlier days. Although field of HRM is a comparatively recent development, its roots can be traced back to different phases. Trace the phases of evolution of human resource management. The historical development of human relations knowledge applied to job setting warrants some attention in any book about human relations. Any history of the application of systematic knowledge about human behavior to the job must use some arbitrary...
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...Chapter 1 Evolution of Human REsouRcE managEmEnt and Human REsouRcE infoRmation systEms The Role of InfoRmaTIon Technology Mohan ThiTe, Michael J. Kavanagh, and RichaRd d. Johnson EDITORS’ NOTE The purpose of this chapter is to provide an introduction to the fields of human resource management (HRM) and information technology (IT) and to the combination of these two fields into human resource information systems (HRIS). The history of the field of HRM and the impact of computer technology on HRM will be covered, as well as the advent of using a human resource information system and the subsequent effects on both HR and IT professionals. The different types of HR activities will be discussed as well as the different types of information systems used in HRIS. A central focus of this chapter is the use in managerial decision making of results and reports from an HRIS. The development of the HRIS field has been seen to have a significant impact on the emergence of strategic human resource management (Strategic HRM), as is discussed in this chapter. This first chapter will lay the groundwork for the remainder of this book, and, consequently, it is important to understand thoroughly the concepts and ideas it presents. This chapter contains definitions for a number of terms in common use in the HRM, IT, and HRIS fields. (Note that a glossary defining these terms is also provided at the back of this book.) The central themes 2 Chapter 1 Evolution of Human Resource Management...
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...the work of Audrey Collin in British perspectives compared to the international perspectives. Secondly to identify human resource issue and look at in British point of view. The studies of HRM by Collins provide us a colourful findings and rich competing theoretical outlook. HRM run through all human resource processes such as recruitment, selection, and performance evaluation as well as formal human resource policies, which direct and to some extent hamper the progress of specific practices; and over arching human resource thought, which state the principles that inform an organization's policies and practices. Ideally, these embrace a system that exert a pull on, develops, motivates, and maintain workers who guarantee the effective operation and survival of the business and its component. To be on familiar terms with HRM in context we must think about how these elements of HRM are affected by the internal and external environments of organizations. The internal organizational contextual factors are company strategy, technology, organizational structure, organizational life cycle phase, and size of the company. The external contextual factors are legal, social, and political environments; unionization; labour market conditions; industry characteristics and national culture. The context of HRM is based on complex human relationship in the organization between management and employee...
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...Celine RIVIERE 09004513 HRM: An introduction Learning Outcome – Assessment 1) During the first half of the 20th century, the social and human dimension will appear and grow gradually in the organisation. Human Resource Management, also known as HRM, is the function we can find within the organisation that focuses on recruitment, management, and provide direction for the employees. Humans and the potential they process are really important, they drive an organisation. Without them, everything is falling apart. Human Resource Management works to ensure that employees are able to meet the organisation’s goals. “Human Resource Management is responsible for how people are treated in the organisation. It is responsible for bringing people into the organisation, helping them perform their work, compensating them for their labours, and solving problems that rise” (Cherrington, 1995, p5). Human Resource Management deals with ensuring that the employees display the highest level of efficiency and effectiveness in the performance of the organisational functions through providing the basic conditions of work to the employees to ensure achievements of the highest levels. It is difficult to define de HRM. Some people think that it is just a modern term for the personnel management, or that it’s a generic term for all management activities. They also can think that now the HRM is more for the companies than for the employees. It’s a vague and elusive concept and we can find...
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...Is No More Than ‘Old Wine in New Bottles’. Human resource management is no more than ‘old wine in new bottles’. Discuss. ‘’HRM is regarded by some personnel managers as just a set of initials or old wine in new bottles. It could indeed be no more and no less than another name for PM ’’ ( Armstrong, 1987) First we have to understand the meaning of HRM, but attempts to define HRM precisely have resulted in confusion and contradiction rather than clarity [Price, 1997]. However, according to Storey (1989) Human resource management is a completely different philosophy and an approach contrast to Personnel management. In his view, HRM provides a completely new form of managing personnel and can therefore be regarded as departure from the orthodoxy of traditional personnel management. The normative models of personnel management shows that PM is about selecting, developing, rewarding, and directing employees in such a way that not only will they achieve satisfaction and ‘give of their best’ at work, but by so doing enable the employing organization to achieve its goals. When considering the definition of Human resource management and Personnel management, there are many differences on the perspectives of researchers. Legge (1989) reviewed the definition of a variety of writers. She could come to conclude that there are three features which seems to distinguish HRM and personnel management (Guest,1990). These three differences will be analysed below: First of all, many statements about...
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...HRM-587 Course Project Topic Proposal "The making, the rise and fall of kings - Nokia vs. Samsung" Prepared by AKINSANMIJU LILIAN TAIYE D40084081 obayemi.lilian@yahoo.com Submitted to Managing Organizational Change Instructor: Professor Romuald Stone HRM-587-13306 01/10/2014 The two companies I am proposing to research on for the purpose of this course project are forces to reckon with in the world of electronic and electrical business, with focus on the telecommunication handheld devices - Nokia and Samsung electronics. It is a known fact that the two companies are known all over world with their uniqueness in the production of mobiles phones even though Samsung electronics has it named well rooted amongst the giants of home electrical and electronics home appliances manufacture while Nokia was known to be one the world leading manufacturer of mobile phones. In the recent year about two decade ago, the discovery of the innovative transformation of the telecommunication sector led to ever increasing opportunity that is abound with new technological revolution. The course project will focus or lay emphasis on the trend of organizational changes, with the view to analyze the effect they have on the overall developmental progress of the two companies. Samsung electronics founded in 1967 but took it turn into telecommunication business with the establishment of Samsung mobile in 1983 and as...
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...Brief History of Human Resources and HR Management Human Resources is a business function, which manages, leads, facilitates and provides tools for the human capital management in the organization. HR sets strategic processes and procedures, runs difficult and complex communication campaigns as the organization attracts the best talents from the job market, retains them with the attractive compensation packages or it develops them in talent development programs. HR runs many processes, which are crucial for the modern organization. We cannot believe that the successful business could exist without the Recruitment and Staffing, Compensation and Benefits, Training and Development or the Leadership Development. However, in the past the companies did not use any of the HR value added processes. The story of Human Resources started as evidence of all employees. It dealt with issues and requests. Nothing more was expected to be delivered. The HR Management history is fascinating. The wars usually change the path of Human Resources in organizations and society. The history of Human Resourcesstarts to be interesting with the evolution of the large factories. It was in the 18th century. The rapid development of new industrial approach to work changed the world dramatically. The quick and cheap production became a priority for many industries. The factories hired thousands of workers, who worked up to 16 hours a day. Soon, many entrepreneurs discovered that satisfied employees are more...
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...Personnel Review HR outsourcing: threat or opportunity? Jeroen Delmotte Luc Sels Article information: To cite this document: Jeroen Delmotte Luc Sels, (2008),"HR outsourcing: threat or opportunity?", Personnel Review, Vol. 37 Iss 5 pp. 543 - 563 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483480810891673 Downloaded on: 27 September 2014, At: 02:58 (PT) References: this document contains references to 65 other documents. To copy this document: permissions@emeraldinsight.com The fulltext of this document has been downloaded 10667 times since 2008* Users who downloaded this article also downloaded: Jean Woodall, William Scott#Jackson, Timothy Newham, Melanie Gurney, (2009),"Making the decision to outsource human resources", Personnel Review, Vol. 38 Iss 3 pp. 236-252 John Hindle, (2005),"HR outsourcing in operation: critical success factors", Human Resource Management International Digest, Vol. 13 Iss 3 pp. 39-42 Peter Brown, (2010),"The power of HR outsourcing", Strategic HR Review, Vol. 9 Iss 6 pp. 27-32 Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by 131740 [] For Authors If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.com Emerald...
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...the dilemma of lack of communication along with the ignorance of Guanxi. | Executive Summary: In this proposal, you will read briefly about the history of the Roaring Dragon Hotel and where does it stand in its industry. There will be emphasis on how relationships, Guanxi, were a major source of income and interest. This proposal will focus on the setback of internal cultural communication in the hotel and how it affected the hotel’s evolution. The hotel decided to grow, from a 3 star to a 5 star hotel. A foreigner team of specialists were requested for the change procedure. The team was not made aware of the culture they are stepping foot in; add to that, they did not speak the language. The Management excused themselves from explaining to the foreigners what inner value does their employees hold; Guanxi. The employees were not told about the change and its phases. The employees did not understand the language of the outsiders nor their unfairly perceived actions. The evolution team should have invested some time in researching the culture of China, the culture of the hotel, and its business routine. The management members must have translated the message of the transformation along with facilitating communication between the outsiders and the employees. Making the employees aware of the downsizing and the hotel’s evolution, would have made them express their hidden values towards the business. If they were told what’s going on in the hotel, they would’ve reacted in hotel’s...
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...the social responsibility track record, the environmental factors, the strategy, mission, and vision statement of Toyota Motor Manufacturing Canada Inc. (TMMC). An organization could function and could perform high qualitative services only if that company own the human capital. Human capital gives the economic value of the organization. Human resources management (HRM) has the responsibility to manage human capital, planning and making recruitment, staffing and training, communicate and compensate, looking for benefits and labour relations. Toyota Motor has a great impact around world by its brand and not only. As Kimberly Gardiner, the national interactive marketing manager, said” Toyota and who wants to assure customers that we are making every effort to do the right thing. ... It humanizes the brand.” Social responsibility of Toyota Motor TMMC started its activity in 1988 when they built 153 vehicles. Today, they hold the ability to build 500000 vehicles annually. Their activities have been appreciated with a total of 11 Plant Quality awards including Platinum and 6 Gold awards. Knowing this short history about TMMC, it is easily observable that the company’s reputation was improved, so the percentage of people who would recommend that this company increase. The company showed up with the most innovative commercials, promotions, fresh views and interest. According to an article from Markit Group, it seems that Toyota Motor use social media as a important part of its propulsion...
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...1: THE DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENT OF HRM LEARNING OUTCOMES After reading this chapter, students should be able to: • Discuss how cultural environments affect human resource management (HRM) practices. • Describe how technology is changing HRM • Identify significant changes that have occurred in workforce composition • Describe the HRM implications of a labor shortage • Describe how changing skill requirements affect HRM • Explain why organizational members focus on quality and continuous improvements • Describe work process engineering and its implications for HRM • Identify who makes up the contingent workforce and the HRM implications • Define employee involvement and list its critical components • Explain the importance of ethics in an organization. CHAPTER OVERVIEW The chapter’s opening vignette illustrates how Four Seasons Resorts and Hotels uses the Golden Rule to treat the employees as you expect them to treat the customer. While customers like to be pampered, so do the employees as evidenced by the Four Seasons being listed in Fortune magazine as one of the “Best Companies to Work For” every year since the list started in 1998. Overviews of today’s dynamic business world, highlighting cultural environments, globalization, technology, and social history evolution, set the stage for discussions about the implications to the HR field. These topics include: multicultural issues, global workforces, HRM technology, workforce diversity...
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...Business Volume 10, Number 1 (June 2004) Transformation of Korean HRM based on Confucian Values Jong-Tae Choi* College of Business Administration Seoul National University Abstract This study aims to find out the role of the Confucian family value in the process of the transformation of Korean HRM and IR in a hypercompetition period. I analyzed the characteristics and the transformation of Korean companies’ HRM as well as the core value system of Confucian familism. I suggest that a successful transformation of HRM in Korean companies requires an interplay between two factors. First is the genetic factor based on traditional Confucian culture of Korea (i.e., the DNA of Korean HRM), of which its advantages must be respected and preserved. Second factor is an adaptation ability, which modifies its own core competency and routine through an interaction with the environment. Korean HRM stands at a turning point now. The Korean economy is facing a hyper-competition in the global market. To survive, Korean companies have to improve their competitiveness. Also they must solve the problem of seniority-based HRM of Confucian values that hinders their competitiveness. To confront an inevitable transformation of the management system, Korean companies tried to solve the problem by bringing in a rapid growth process of North American HRM practices. But, unanticipated side effect has occurred in this process. As American HRM was uniformly adopted, traditional teamwork, organizational loyalty...
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...that students within the OBHR major will craft a program of research that is built upon rigorous theory as well as strong methodological skills that are both necessary for effective scholarship. We encourage collaboration with OBHR faculty that has a proven track record of publishing within a variety of top outlets (Academy of Management Journal, Academy of Management Review, Journal of Organizational Behavior, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Journal of Labor Research, Harvard Business Review; Human Resource Management; Industrial and Labor Relations Review; Sloan Management Review). Organizational Behavior/Human Resources Management Behavior Systems and Management Thought The objective of this course is to explore the evolution and development of management theory with particular emphasis on the design of behavioral systems in organizations. It is a core premise of the course that the design of systems to manage people in organizations is based on a set of assumptions about humans that are part of the managerial theory that guides the formation and operation of complex organizations. Management theory and the models of human beings that are incorporated in them need not be formally articulated statements. They are often implicit as values, assumptions and beliefs that form the basis for organization and action. This seminar will examine a range of formal and informal management theories and the various models of human beings that are explicit and...
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...Contents Executive Summary 3 The Evolution of HRM 4 Significance to the business model 4 Summary 5 The Employment Relationship 6 Overview 6 Evolving Frameworks and Models 6 Recommendations 7 Legal Context 8 Overview 8 National Legislation & its importance to Australian business 8 Impact of Legislation on the Business 9 Recommendations to Bytes Electrical 10 References 11 Bibliography 11 Executive Summary The purpose of this report is to identify the importance of strategic human resource management to Bytes Electrical. This role of strategical management in regards to a businesses most important assets – its employees, is heavily influenced by a number of stimuli outlined in this report, including the evolution of human resource management to what it is today, the employment relationship and the environment and legal context that the business must operate within. By outlining these influences on Bytes Electrical, this shall allow for the management team to clearly understand the importance of HRM in today’s context. The result of this report is to highlight and convey a summary of these influences and present a number of recommendations to Bytes electrical to ensure the continued and/or increased productivity and efficiency of the business. By presenting these recommendations it allows for the business to identify problem areas within the entity and implement these proposals as it see’s fit. The Evolution of HRM Human resource management is...
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