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Human Development

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\]Chapter Four: Human Development

1. The nature-nurture debate basically involves a discussion of

A. the relative importance of environment and genetics in determining our development.

B. the tension between genetically determined predispositions and environmental constraints.

C. the role of early nurturing versus later life experiences as determinants of personality.

D. how the physical constraints of humans limit their ability to overcome environmental events.

ANS: A

2. During conception, organs first start to form during the _____ period.

A. fetal

B. zygote

C. embryonic

D. neonatal

ANS: C

3. Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)?

A. It is caused by heavy drinking on the father’s part prior to conception.

B. Most FAS babies have below average intelligence.

C. FAS babies are physically the same as non-FAS babies.

D. While there are some external symptoms of FAS, internally FAS children are normal.

ANS: B

4. Which of the following reactions is not present in newborns?

A. stepping reflex

B. sucking

C. fear of heights

D. startle reflex

ANS: C

5. One way to gauge an infant’s interest in a stimulus is to see when responsiveness decreases, also called

A. habituation.

B. regression.

C. deactivation.

D. response repression.

ANS: A

6. Which of the following is an accurate description of brain development during early childhood and infancy?

A. The brain’s neurons have fully developed synaptic connections at birth.

B. A baby’s neurons are as fully myelinated as an adult’s neurons.

C. The overall size of the brain dramatically increases from age four to six.

D. The amount of brain material in a region of the brain can nearly double in four year olds.

ANS: D

7. The first stage of cognitive development noted by Piaget is the _____ stage.

A. concrete operational

B. sensorimotor

C. formal operational

D. preoperational

ANS: B

8. You are babysitting a two year old and she...

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