...Human Digestion System “The digestive system is a group of organs working together to convert food into energy and basic nutrients to feed the entire body” (Taylor). The process of digestion begins when food enters your mouth. Using your teeth to chew the foods in to small pieces and then mixing with saliva, your tongue pushes the food down the throat or pharynx. The saliva in your mouth moistens the food and contains salivary amylase that breaks down carbohydrates into simple carbohydrates. From the pharynx the food travels down the esophagus through the cardiac spincter to the stomach. The cardiac spincter is a ring located at the top of the stomach that opens when swallowing then closes again to trap food in the stomach. Taylor notes that the stomach contains hydrocloric acid and digestive enzymes that continues the digestion of food (2010). Hydrocloric acid kills the bacteria in food and begins to chemically break down food. From the stomach the food passes to the small intestion where 90% of the digestion of nutrients takes place. The liver produces bile and secretes it into the small intestion which then combines with digestive chemicals from the pancreas to complete the digestive process with chemical digestion of foods. A mixture of digestive juices from the pancreas digests protiens, nucleic acid, lipids and charbohydrates. By the time the food has left the small intestines, all of the nutrients have been reduced into chemical building blocks and absorbed into the system...
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...SCI 241 Human Digestion University of Phoenix (Axia) Janelle Brown What is the digestive System? “Every morsel of food we eat has to be broken down into nutrients that can be absorbed by the body, which is why it takes hours to fully digest food. In humans, protein must be broken down into amino acids, starches into simple sugars, and fats into fatty acids and glycerol. The water in our food and drink is also absorbed into the bloodstream to provide the body with the fluid it needs. The digestive system is made up of the alimentary canal and the other abdominal organs that play a part in digestion, such as the liver and pancreas. The alimentary canal (also called the digestive tract) is the long tube of organs — including the esophagus, the stomach, and the intestines — that runs from the mouth to the anus. An adult's digestive tract is about 30 feet long”. (www.kidshealth.org) In other words the Digestive System prepares food for use by all the body cells. The digestive process begins the mouth by chewing the food which is just a partial breakdown of the food. After the food is chewed and swallowed the food goes into the esophagus which is a tube that connects the mouth to the stomach making wave-like muscle movements to help get the food down into the stomach. The stomach then churns the food and submerges it in an acid called gastric acid; when the food gets to the stomach it is only partially digested and mixed with chime which is a stomach acid. When the food leaves...
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...Project – Fantastic Voyage HS130 - 04 June 19, 2012 Fantastic Voyage Good afternoon everyone! This is Lisa back again with another top health news story. Once again I will be taking my mini-sub through the miniaturization process making us only 8 microns long and traveling through the human body. Today we will be swallowed by a 55 year old man, Mr. Smith, who is currently eating a hamburger, French fries, and enjoying a nice cold root beer. Our goal today is to monitor the digestion of Mr. Smith’s meal through the gastrointestinal tract. As we progress through the body, I will be describing all the major structures that we go through as well as describing what happens to the meal as it goes through the digestion process. Let’s get started. We are going to begin our journey by watching how the food is digested via the gastrointestinal pathway and the urinary pathway. Starting with the digestive system, the food will begin to be digested in the mouth where food is acted upon by saliva and enzymes like amylase (WiseGeek, Digestive System, 2012). The brain has a reflex that triggers the flow of saliva into our mouths when we see or even think of food (WiseGeek, Digestive System, 2012). There are three major salivary glands that are involved in this process: the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. These glands function to secrete saliva into our mouths in order to keep it moist, lubricate and bind our food to begin the digestion process, and to maintain oral...
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...Human Digestion Summary SCI/241 December 6, 2014 Human Digestion Summary Digestion is the action in which the body breaks down food into molecules that can be used for substance to nourish the body. There are different organs in the body that are involved in the digestion process. These organs include; the mouth, the esophagus, the stomach, small intestines, liver and large intestine. Each one of these organs plays a significant you in the body’s digestion process (Shifko, 2014). The digestion process starts before the food actually enters the mouth. The smells that are inhaled from the food cause the mouth to produce saliva, which contains the compounds and enzymes that start to break down the food after it has entered the mouth. The food is then chewed down in to small particles so that the saliva and the enzymes can go to work. After the food is chewed it is then swallowed and starts to pass down the esophagus. According to the Cleveland Clinic, the esophagus is a muscular tube that transports the food that has been chewed to the stomach. In order for the food to be carried down the esophagus and to the stomach there are a series of contractions performed by the esophagus, this process is known as the peristalsis (Shifko, 2014). Once in the stomach, there are two different functions that must take place during the digestion process. The stomach resembles a large pouch with muscular walls. The wall of the stomach is where the food is held and it also acts...
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...E.J.S. BIO 235L: Anatomy & Physiology II Lab The Digestive System and its Accessory Organs 1. Parotid Gland 2. Sublingual Gland 3. Submandibular Gland 4. Liver 5. Gallbladder 6. Duodenum 7. Pancreas 8. Hepatic Flexure 9. Ascending Colon 10. Ileum 11. Cecum 12. Appendix 13. Sigmoid Flexure 14. Anus 15. Rectum 16. Sigmoid Colon 17. Descending Colon 18. Jejunum 19. Transverse Colon 20. Splenic Flexure of Transverse Colon 21. Spleen 22. Stomach 23. Esophagus 1. Parotid Gland 2. Sublingual Gland 3. Submandibular Gland 4. Liver 5. Gallbladder 6. Duodenum 7. Pancreas 8. Hepatic Flexure 9. Ascending Colon 10. Ileum 11. Cecum 12. Appendix 13. Sigmoid Flexure 14. Anus 15. Rectum 16. Sigmoid Colon 17. Descending Colon 18. Jejunum 19. Transverse Colon 20. Splenic Flexure of Transverse Colon 21. Spleen 22. Stomach 23. Esophagus The Digestive Pathway Mechanical Digestion begins in the mouth from the moment that a food bolus enters the oral cavity. Mastication, the mechanical breakdown of the food bolus by chewing occurs here. Chemical Digestion begins when the Salivary Glands (Parotid, Sublingual and Submandibular Glands) release saliva into the oral cavity. Saliva contains amylase, an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates. After bolus has been broken down adequately, swallowing occurs. The food bolus will move through the pharynx and enter the esophagus continuing its journey via peristalsis (rhythmic contractions of the...
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... | | Exploring the Effects of Enzymes on Fat Using Phenol RedVeronica ChengSBI 3U0Turner05 December 2014 | | Introduction Enzymes are proteins which help break down chemical substances such as other proteins, carbohydrates or fats that are necessary for life (Novozymes, 2014). In this experiment, the effects of water, pancreatic juice, and trypsin solutions were observed on milk. The use of the phenol red indicator helps detect the pH level. The lower pH level will cause the colour to shift from red to orange, and possibly to yellow; if no reaction takes place, then colour will stay the same red/ pink hue. Question Has each of the enzymes broken down the perspective substrate (fat molecules) in milk? Hypothesis The human digestive tract has a complex process of digesting and absorbing nutrients. The pancreas is in accessory organ that produces pancreatic juices, which contains numerous enzymes that chemically digest carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins (Dunlop et al, 2010). Because the enzymes of the pancreatic fluid can break down lipids, with this one can assume that the test tube which contains pancreatic juices will have more of a reaction. Either test tube B, C, or D will have the greatest outcome because they contain the enzymes (lipase, trypsin) to break down the fat molecules of the milk. Materials 4 test tubesTest tube rack500mL beakerRetort stand | Milk solutionPancreatic juice solutionHot plateGlass rod | Phenol red indicatorTrypsin solutionThermometer...
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... “rebooting” the digestive system after diarrheal illnesses. Female genitals: The Female Genitals is shaped like an upside-down pear and its located behind the bladder, its function is to produce eggs, carry a developing baby and give birth to it. The female genitals consist of two glands that are called ovaries and they are responsible for the egg production and Female hormones. Once woman reach sexual maturity, they experience a regulated monthly fertility cycle, called “menstrual” cycle. Heart: The Heart is a Grapefruit-sized Muscle that pump oxygen-rich blood throughout the human body and oxygen-poor blood to its lungs. The Heart is an amazingly powerful organ. Works constantly without Pausing to rest, this organ it’s made of cardiac muscle, which it only can be found in the heart itself, and unlike any other muscle, it doesn’t get tired. The heart is divided in 4 chambers; first upper two are called atria, which are joined to the two lower ones called Ventricles which are the pumps of the heart. One-way valves between the chambers keep blood flowing through the heart in the right direction. As blood flows through a valve from one chamber into another the valve closes, preventing blood flowing backwards. As the valves snap shut, they make a thumping, 'heart beat' noise. Large intestine: The Large Intestine is a Long Tube which its 1.5m Long, It surrounds the small intestine. The large intestine is the final part of a regular human digestive tract. Undigested...
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...Introduction The Digestive System • Most nutrients we eat cannot be used in existing form – Must be broken down into smaller components before body can make use of them • Digestive system—acts as a disassembly line – To break down nutrients into forms that can be used by the body – To absorb them so they can be distributed to the tissues • Gastroenterology—the study of the digestive tract and the diagnosis and treatment of its disorders 25-1 25-2 Digestive Function Digestive Function • Digestive system—organ system that processes food, extracts nutrients, and eliminates residue • Mechanical digestion—the physical breakdown of food into smaller particles • Five stages of digestion – Ingestion: selective intake of food – Digestion: mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into a form usable by the body – Absorption: uptake of nutrient molecules into the epithelial cells of the digestive tract and then into the blood and lymph – Compaction: absorbing water and consolidating the indigestible residue into feces – Defecation: elimination of feces – Cutting and grinding action of the teeth – Churning action of stomach and small intestines – Exposes more food surface to digestive enzymes 25-3 General Anatomy Digestive Function • Chemical digestion—a series of hydrolysis reactions that breaks dietary macromolecules into their monomers (residues) • Digestive system has two subdivisions: digestive tract and accessory organs • Digestive tract (alimentary canal) – Carried out...
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...The Digestive System and Its Activities What happens to food when it is ingested? To understand this process it is important to know how the digestive system works and its components. The digestive system is more than just the stomach and colon, rather it is a system of organs working together to break down food into “nutrient molecules, absorbing these molecules into the bloodstream, and ridding the body of the indigestible remains” (Elaine and Katja 849). The digestive system is composed of the alimentary canal, also known as the gastrointestinal tract, and its accessory digestive organs. The alimentary canal “is a muscular tube lined with epithelium [tissue] and adapted regionally to the various functions of the digestive organs” (Fritsch and Wolfgang 42). It includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. It is in the alimentary canal where food is broken down to smaller fragments and absorbed by the bloodstream. The teeth, tongue in the mouth; and the gallbladder, salivary glands, liver, and pancreas connected by ducts to the GI tract make up the accessory digestive organs. These accessory organs release or store special secretions that aid in digestive and absorptive processes. The mouth is the entryway to the alimentary canal. In depth, the mouth, or oral cavity, is bordered by lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue. When opened anteriorly it is called the oral orifice. The mouth region contains thick stratified squamous epithelium...
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...The Human Digestion Summary SCI241 September 4, 2014 Kimberly Johnson The Human Digestion Summary Before telling you what factors affect the amount of time it takes for foods to travel through the digestive tract, and how does digestion occur in each part of the digestion system, how proteins, fats, and carbohydrates break down in the digestive system, and what types of food help with digestion; I'm going to first tell you what the digestion system is and what it is made up of. Per the NDDIC (National Digestive Disease Information Clearinghouse), "Digestion works by moving food through the GI tract. Digestion begins in the mouth with chewing and ends in the small intestine. As food passes through the GI tract, it mixes with digestive juices, causing large molecules of food to break down into smaller molecules. The body then absorbs these smaller molecules through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream, which delivers them to the rest of the body. Waste products of digestion pass through the large intestine and out of the body as a solid matter called stool". (NIH Publication No. 13-2681, 2013). Knowing all of that now I can tell you more about the digestion system. You may be wondering how long does it take for food to pass through your GI track; well let's just say it's up to your body on how fast it wants' to pass the intake through. Having knowledge from working in Colon and Rectal Surgery it overall take the normal person anywhere from one to three...
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...The factors which makes Iddan, an engineer with no medical background, to pioneer the development of wireless endoscopy are he as an electo-optical engineer and was working on developing the “eye” of guided missile to its target. His friend at boston gave him information about technology used for viewing the interior lining of the digestive system which had lots of limitations, specially with viewing the small intestine. This small intestine causes serious disorders and only in United States approximately 19 million people suffer from disorders. Existing technology like X-ray and endo-scopes were unable to identify or investigate about small intestine. So the only option left was surgery and which was very crucial if the physician does not know which part of the small intestine is affected. So his friend encourages him to come up with better technology. Due to technology revolution after decade small video cameras which uses image sensors like CCDS (Charge coupled devices) has been developed. With his knowledge from developing the eye of guided missile he tried to make small missile like device which could travel through the intestine without a life line leading to the outside of the body and transmit images wirelessly to a receiver outside of the body. He has also done small experiment on chicken with his developed camera and as he succeeds he got more encouragement but he found battery of that camera get exhausted in few minutes. So he developed a prototype CMOS (complementary...
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...Human Digestion Kathy Acosta SCI/241 Axia College of University of Phoenix September 16, 2010 Emily Wong-Swartz [pic] http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fabioruini.eu/blog/wp-content/uploads/2007/06/understanding-digestion.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.fabioruini.eu/blog/2007/06/&h=428&w=357&sz=71&tbnid=wqlDvSZfuxkdUM:&tbnh=246&tbnw=205&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpicture%2Bof%2Bdigestion&zoom=1&q=picture+of+digestion&usg=__xMGasEMTyU8TduXOS3k5N7PL9h4=&sa=X&ei=AOKSTObgHo74nAfj9a3aCA&ved=0CBkQ9QEwAA The path food follows through the digestive system is the human digestive system is a complex series of organs and glands, which processes food. It begins with the mouth, teeth, tongue, pharynx, epiglottis, and esophagus this happens before the food goes into the stomach. Once the bolus reaches the stomach, it is mixed with acid secretions to transform the bolus into chime, a semi-liquid food mass. Then it travels through the small intestine, large intestine, and anus. Large Intestine Portion of gastrointestinal tract, which includes the colon and rectum, in which some absorption of water and vitamins take place. Mouth With this the food begins, the point at, which food enters the digestive tract. Small Intestine Tube-shaped organ of the digestive tract where digestion of ingested food is completed and the majority of nutrient absorption occur. Stomach This is the organ in the digestive tract, in which mixes food and secretes...
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...Human digestive system In the human digestive system, the process of digestion has many stages, the first of which starts in the mouth (oral cavity). Digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller components which can be absorbed and assimilated into the body. The secretion of saliva helps to produce a bolus which can be swallowed in the oesophagus to pass down into the stomach. Saliva also contains a catalytic enzyme called amylase which starts to act on food in the mouth. Digestion is helped by the mastication of food by the teeth and also by the muscular contractions of peristalsis. Gastric juice in the stomach is essential for the continuation of digestion as is the production of mucus in the stomach. Peristalsis is the rhythmic contraction of muscles that starts along the wall of the stomach. This initially results in the production of chyme which when fully broken down in the small intestine is absorbed into theblood. Most of the digestion of food takes place in the small intestine. Water and some minerals are reabsorbed back into the blood, in the colon of the large intestine. The waste products of digestion are defecated from the anus via the rectum. Digestive system Digestive system 17th century Persia Latin Systema digestorium Components of the digestive system[edit] Digestive system There are several organs and other components involved in the digestion of food and the largest structure of the digestive system is the gastrointestinal...
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...Human Digestion Summary n 9/21/2014 SCI-241 Simyka Carlton In my human digestion summary I will be going over some factors and the amount of time that it can take for our food to travel through our digestive track. I’m also going to be telling you about how digestive can occur in some parts of our digestive system. I’m also going to be letting you know what kinds of foods are good to eat to help to improve our digestive system. Human digestion summary Digestion can take a very specific path which starts from beginning to the end. This is when the food that we have ate then starts to move from our moth to our stomach in a matter of minutes. This is when our tongue will help move the food that we eat move to the teeth. Which then while we chew our food it is then mixed with saliva. That’s when the saliva is then produced by our saliva glands to start the first part of the digestion. When the food is then mixed with our saliva that’s when the food then comes to a bolus. The bolus is then swallowed in the phyarynx and then moves into the esophagus. This is when it then takes place in our stomach while in the esophagus that’s when the food will pass the epiglottis. The epiglottis is a flap that will help to prevent the bolus from being taken to our lungs. When it comes to the size of our mouth its five inches to one foot...
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...Fantastic Voyage Desire Fleming HS130, Section 03 Unit 9 Assignment Kaplan University 6/13/2014 Fantastic Voyage This essay will discuss the travels of a hamburger, french fries, and a root beer through the gastrointestinal tract of a 55 year old man. There will be a lot of sights to explore along the way. A description of the entire digestive process will take place. After the description, the voyage will continue on through the distal ilium through the mucosal membrane. Then travels will resume in the bloodstream via the superior mesenteric vein. All major passageways and structures will be described going through the superior mesenteric vein all the way to the left renal artery. Once the voyage gets to the kidney, the nearest nephron will be entered. All structures will be discussed passing through on the way to the urinary tract where the voyage will exit out through the urethra. This journey is quite far but very interesting. The gastrointestinal tract is also known as the alimentary canal. Its main function is to digest food through various muscle movements and hormone and enzyme release. The tract is around 20-25 feet in length (wisegeek, 2014). The gastrointestinal tract consists of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. It also consits of accessory organs which include the tongue, mouth glands, pancreas, liver, and the gallbladder. Each and every one of these parts work together to break down food so it can be easily...
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