What are human rights?
Human rights are rights that everybody in the world has. Some countries don’t allow people in their country to have human rights because they want all of the power they can possibly have which could turn into a dictatorship. Everybody within the EU have human rights because countries within the EU have agreed to the universal declaration of human rights. An example of a human right would be the right to freedom of speech. This right allows us to have our own opinions and be allowed to express them.
What do Human rights do?
Human rights allow people to do things which nobody can stop you from doing. In the Human Rights Act it states things that you can do which nobody can stop you from doing but the human rights act.
European Union:
The European Union is an economic and political union of 28 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The EU operates through a system of supranational independent institutions and intergovernmental negotiated decisions by the member states. Institutions of the EU include the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, the European Council, the Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Central Bank, the Court of Auditors, and the European Parliament. The European Parliament is elected every five years by EU citizens.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a declaration adopted by the United Nations government on the 10th of December 1948. The declaration arose after the Second World War and was the first document that expressed that humans are entitled to within their lives. The declaration consisted of 30 articles which have been elaborated by international treaties, regional human rights instruments, national constitutions, and other laws.
Human Rights Act 1998:
The Human Rights Act 1998 is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which received royal assent on 9th November 1998 and mostly came into force in 2000. It was made to make more rights to people in the world under the European Convention of Human Rights. The act protects people within the universal declaration of human rights and fundamental freedoms or as people know it more commonly as the European convention of human rights. The Act makes it so that’s people have more rights than what they had before this act took place, this affects everyone in the world who agrees to it. Some people don’t agree with it so they didn’t sign up to the act. This could mean someone wants to rule the country under their command and their rules which could turn into a dictatorship. Human Rights shave helped people within situations which could be involved in. An example could be that at work they refuse you from getting a drink, this is against basic human rights so they could tell the person who refused them a drink and tell them that it’s against their human rights to refuse this request. The biggest breach of Human Rights would be the holocaust, which occurred by preventing Jewish people human rights. They were forced to work for the German government with no payment at all in harsh living conditions (slavery). They were giving insufficient food and water and were refused medical treatment and were left to starve to death. When Jews were in Germany they were renamed and stripped of their citizenship (by decree). They didn’t have a right to life and were killed by Nazis. This shows how important human rights are because without them things like this can happen. the Human Rights Act 1998 is there to prevent things like this from any genocide happening again in the world.
Geneva Convention:
The Geneva Convention is a convention which prevents certain things to happen within conflict around the world. The Geneva Convention has four protocols and 3 additional protocols. The Geneva Convention was made in the aftermath the Second World War which had the previous had three protocols but added another to the convention. The Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field was adopted in 1864. It was looked at again and was eventually replaced by the 1906 version, the 1929 version, and later the first Geneva Convention of 1949. The Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea was made in 1906. It was also look at and replaced by the second Geneva Convention of 1949.The Geneva Convention relative to the treatment of prisoners of war was adopted in 1929. It was significantly revised and replaced by the Third Geneva convention of 1949. The fourth Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War was adopted in 1949. This means that the Geneva Convention was forever changing to try and make sure that in act of conflict that people would get the best chance of survival as possible. This changed over the years and most likely going be an increase of conventions being added to the Geneva Convention in the future. This could be because of how things could occur in the future in wars or conflict within the world. This has been affective within conflict because then it could cause less fatalities whilst in conflict. A big incident which occurred recently was the one relating someone known Marine A (Alexander Blackman). This was when a Royal Marine shot dead a Taliban soldier when he was on the floor seriously injured. This was against the Geneva Convention because if you find an injured person then you should try to help them to recovery as long as they are not a threat to you or others at that certain time.

International Committee of the Red Cross:
The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a humanitarian institution based in Geneva, Switzerland. States parties signatories to the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977, have given the ICRC a mandate to protect victims of international and internal armed conflicts. Such victims include war wounded, prisoners, refugees, civilians, and other non-combatants. The ICRC is part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement along with the International Federation. It is the oldest and most honored organization within the Movement and one of the most widely recognized organizations in the world, having won three Nobel Peace Prizes in 1917, 1944, and 1963. It was founded by a man named Henry Dunant who witnessed the aftermath of the battle of Solferino in Italy. He wrote a book after everything he saw and this was what inspired the creation of the international committee of the Red Cross in 1863. The 1864 Geneva Convention was made on the ideas of Henry Dunant. In 1901 he received the first Nobel peace prize for all of the work that he did with Frédéric Passy.

Police and Evidence Act 1984:
The Police and Evidence Act 1984 is an act which shows the powers within the police force to combat crime within England and Wales. The Police Service practices these powers within the police force whilst training. In the Act in part 6 it says that the home secretary issues codes of practice for the police service. The Act is a widely known act it mainly deals with to search someone or a certain premises if they wish to, including ways of entering the premises and the handling of the objects or things they may find and the treatment of the suspect when they are in custody. Since the passage of PACE, the courts have recognized the greater safeguards of civil liberties granted by this act being in place.
Data Protection Act:
The data protection act is the main piece of legislation that governs the personal information and data in the UK. This means that information about people who have committed crimes or have been suspected of committing crimes are shared all around the country. A problem which occurred was the Ian Huntley incident. The crime which he committed was the death of two young girls which attended a school which his girlfriend (Jessica Chapman) worked at. He shouldn’t of got the job in the first place because of all the crimes he had been suspected for which occurred when he used to live in Grimsby. He was suspected on endless charges of underage sex and pedophilia. He was never convicted of any of these charges but he shouldn’t have ever got the job because he somehow past the CBR check. This was most likely because the police services never communicated with each other over Ian Huntley. This resulted in the 2 young girls being murdered when they went to the shops to get some sweets. The bodies were found 13 days after the murder took place by RAF Lakenhealth where he clearly tried to get rid of any forensic evidence he could of. He was convicted of murder and was sentenced to life in prison (minimum 40 years). This all could of been prevented if the two police services had communicated.