...32 Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources 2004 42(1) Human resource management strategies in practice: Case-study findings in multinational firms Irene K.H. Chew* Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Frank M. Horwitz* University of Cape Town, South Africa, and Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Competitive pressures have increased the strategic value of a skilled, motivated and adaptable workforce, and the HRM strategies to support and develop it. A strategic perspective of HRM requires the firm to identify and adopt human capital initiatives likely to enhance competitiveness and shareholder value. A key question considered here is the extent to which multinational firms adapt internally consistent human resource strategies across national boundaries to address these issues. Case-study data on how eight multinational firms in Singapore apply strategic approaches to human resource management are presented. Findings show that while some adaptation considering local context occurs, the diffusion of headquarters and centrally initiated, but competitively differentiated strategies across cultural boundaries, is significant. Effective human resource strategies were understood as ‘configurational’, integrated both vertically and horizontally. Keywords: convergent/divergent practices, human resource strategy, multinational firms There is a paucity of empirical, especially case-study research on human resource management (HRM) strategies of multinational...
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...result of emergent actions based on reactions to environmental changes or shifting of assumptions iii. Ploy: specific manoeuvre at the tactical level with a short time horizon iv. Position: the location of an organization relative to its competitors and other environmental factors v. Perspective: gestalt or personality of the organization HR Planning Notebook 1.1 – Description of Strategy Strategy: declaration of intent (considered as both plan and purpose) Strategic Intent: tangible corporate goal; point of view about the competitive positions a company hopes to build over a decade Strategy Formulation: entire process of conceptualizing the mission of an organization, identifying the strategy, and developing long-range performance goals Strategy Implementation: activities that ees and managers of an organization undertake to enact the strategic plan and achieve the performance goals Objectives: the end, the goals Plans: product of strategy, the means to the end Strategic Plan: written statement that outlines the future goals of an organization, including long-term performance goals Policies: broad guidelines to action, which establish the parameters or rules Strategic Planning: systematic determination of goals and the plans to achieve them (requires thinking about future) - must be viewed as a dynamic process that can respond to changes in the environment (Logical Incrementalism) Figure 1.1 – The Reality of the Strategic...
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... Page No. 1.0 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.0 Identify the formal relationship between the employer ‘Janssen pharmaceutical’ and their employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.0 Distinguish the techniques and methods used to attain the Janssen organization goals and objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 5 4.0 Design training strategy to reinforce business strategy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5.0 Design and implement a training needs analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6.0 Devise methods for cross- cultural diversity management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7.0 Explore the use of new technologies for the development of HRM efficiency and effectiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 8.0 Identify the factors that impact on HRM in global markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 9.0 Differentiate the ways to strategically manage the HRM function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 10.0 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
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...ch@live.com MS Student Other Authors: TAHIRA JABEEN, HASHIR KHAN, ABDUL BASIT, WAQAS ASLAM MS Students COMSATS INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, LAHORE CAMPUS CHAPERT 1 Abstract Human Resource is the most important asset for any organization and it is the resource of achieving competitive advantage. Managing human resources is very challenging as compared to managing technology or capital and for its effective management, organization requires effective HRM system. HRM system should be backed up by strong HRM practices. HRM practices refer to organizational activities directed at managing the group of human resources and ensuring that the resources are employed towards the fulfillment of organizational goals. The purpose of this study is to explore contribution of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices including selection, training, career planning, compensation, performance appraisal, job definition and employee participation on perceived employee performance. We describe why human resource management (HRM) decisions are likely to have an important and unique influence on organizational performance. Our hope is that this research forum will help advance research on the link between HRM and organizational performance. We identify key unresolved questions in need of future study and make several suggestions intended to help researchers studying these questions build a more cumulative body of knowledge that will have key implications for body...
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...organisation as it takes place against a changing economic, technical, legal and social background. It is important for learners to appreciate that effective human resource management means getting the best out of the people who work for an organisation in order to ensure the organisation fulfils its purposes, whether it is a football club winning the premiership, or a hospital increasing the success rates for medical operations. Many organisations say that their employees are their most valuable resource because of their skills, knowledge and attitudes. As labour is both an expensive and valuable resource, it is important to ensure it is planned and that the best value is obtained from employees contributions. Human resource managers have to plan their human resource requirements against a background of internal and external factors which are dynamic and constantly changing. The first part of this unit introduces learners to the factors that influence human resource managers when they are planning current and future human resource requirements. It is important to ensure that once staff have been recruited, their contribution to the organisation is maximised. Learners will develop their understanding of the importance organisations place on gaining the cooperation and commitment of their employees. Managers need to understand how to motivate...
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...play in engaging the employees and assess how the HR can motivate them and align them towards attaining organisation goals and objectives. The ultimate aim was to evaluate how Leyton health care an elderly home care service provider in London can align its HR and attain its objectives. Interview was held for the managerial level staff and questionnaire was given to the service delivery staff of Leyton Health Care. The total samples used for the study were 12. Out of these 2 were managerial level staff and 10 were service delivery staff. Open ended questions were used for the managerial level participants of the organisation while in case of the service delivery employees, a survey questionnaire which had statements with multiple choice questions i.e., close ended questions were used. The statements that were derived were regarded as themes and the evaluation of results was made by using the method of thematic analysis. Here pie charts were used to indicate neutrality, agreement and disagreement to the statements given. The results of this project indicate that there was a need for HR of Leyton healthcare to play an active role and not only conduct regular training to its employees but also to build the awareness of the organisational goals and objectives among its employees. This project also identified that regular performance evaluation and feedback of employees’ performance could be the strategic options for the HR. Similarly for the organisation it needs...
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...environment and with the immediate business conditions that it faces.’ 2 ‘The [human resources–business strategy] alignment cannot necessarily be characterized in the logical and sequential way suggested by some writers; rather, the design of an HR system is a complex and iterative process.’ 3 Chapter outline Introduction p.38 Strategic management p.38 Strategic human resource management p.45 Human resource strategy models p.49 Evaluating strategic human resource management and models of human resources strategy p.56 Dimensions of strategic human resource management p.59 International and comparative strategic human resource management p.61 Chapter objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Explain the meaning of strategic management and give an overview of its conceptual framework 2. Describe the three levels of strategy formulation and comment on the links between business strategy and human resource management (HRM) 3. Explain three models of human resources (HR) strategy: control, resource and integrative 4. Comment on the various strategic HRM themes of the HR–performance link: re-engineering, leadership, work-based learning and trade unions 5. Outline some key aspects of international and comparative HRM 38 Human Resource Management Introduction In the first chapter, we examined the theoretical debate on the nature and significance of...
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...competitive environment and with the immediate business conditions that it faces.’ 2 ‘The [human resources–business strategy] alignment cannot necessarily be characterized in the logical and sequential way suggested by some writers; rather, the design of an HR system is a complex and iterative process.’ 3 Chapter outline Introduction p.38 Strategic management p.38 Strategic human resource management p.45 Human resource strategy models p.49 Evaluating strategic human resource management and models of human resources strategy p.56 Dimensions of strategic human resource management p.59 International and comparative strategic human resource management p.61 Chapter objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Explain the meaning of strategic management and give an overview of its conceptual framework 2. Describe the three levels of strategy formulation and comment on the links between business strategy and human resource management (HRM) 3. Explain three models of human resources (HR) strategy: control, resource and integrative 4. Comment on the various strategic HRM themes of the HR–performance link: re-engineering, leadership, work-based learning and trade unions 5. Outline some key aspects of international and comparative HRM 38 Human Resource Management Introduction In the first chapter, we examined the theoretical debate on the nature and significance of the human resource management (HRM)...
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... Leading HR 14 3 Organisation design 17 4 Organisation development 20 5 Resourcing and talent planning 23 6 Learning and development 26 7 Performance and reward 30 8 Employee engagement 33 9 Employee relations 36 39 10 Service delivery and information Behaviours 42–51 The Profession Map behaviours 43 Curious 44 Decisive thinker 45 Skilled influencer 46 Personally credible 47 Collaborative 48 Driven to deliver 49 Courage to challenge 50 Role model 51 1 Profession Map – Our Professional Standards V2.4 Introduction The CIPD Profession Map sets out standards for HR professionals around the world: the activities, knowledge and behaviours needed for success. Use the standards in the CIPD Profession Map for you and your organisation to: • define great HR • diagnose areas of success and improvement • build HR capability • recognise achievement through professional qualifications and membership. By the profession, for the profession Based on research and collaboration with organisations around the world, and continuously reviewed and updated with our research, essentially the CIPD Profession Map shares what the most successful HR professionals know and do at every stage of their career, which is proving to be a powerful tool. A wide range of organisations and HR professionals...
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...Swot banking The rise of retail lending in emerging economies like India has been of recent origin. Asia Pacific’s vast population, combined with high savings rates, explosive economic growth, and underdeveloped retail banking services, provide the most significant growth opportunities for banks. Banks will have to serve the retail banking segment effectively in order to utilize the growth opportunity. Banking strategies are presently undergoing various transformations, as the overall scenario has changed over the last couple of years. Till the recent past, most of the banks had adopted fierce costcutting measures to sustain their competitiveness. This strategy however has become obsolete in the new light of immense growth opportunities for banking industry. Most bankers are now confident about their high performance in terms of organic growth and in realising high returns. Nowadays, the growth strategies of banks revolve around customer satisfaction. Improved customer relationship management can only lead to fulfilment of long-term, as well as, short-term objectives of the bankers. This requires, efficient and accurate customer database management and development of well-trained sales force to develop and sustain long-term profitable customer relationship. The banking system in India is significantly different from that of the other Asian nations, because of the country’s unique geographic, social, and economic characteristics. Though the sector opened up quite...
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...solutions 2 Leading HR 3 Organisation design 4 Organisation development 5 Resourcing and talent planning 6 Learning and development 7 Performance and reward 8 Employee engagement 9 Employee relations 10 Service delivery and information Behaviours The Profession Map behaviours Curious Decisive thinker Skilled influencer Personally credible Collaborative Driven to deliver Courage to challenge Role model 2 4–7 4 6 8–46 9 10 14 17 20 23 26 30 33 36 39 42–51 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 1 Profession Map – Our Professional Standards V2.4 INTRODUCTION Introduction DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE The CIPD Profession Map sets out standards for HR professionals around the world: the activities, knowledge and behaviours needed for success. Use the standards in the CIPD Profession Map for you and your organisation to: • define great HR • diagnose areas of success and improvement • build HR capability • recognise achievement through professional qualifications and membership. By the profession, for the profession BANDS AND TRANSITIONS Based on research and collaboration with organisations around the world, and continuously reviewed and updated with our research, essentially the CIPD Profession Map shares what the most successful HR professionals know and do at every stage of their career, which is proving to be a powerful tool. A wide range of organisations and HR professionals are now using the CIPD’s Profession Map to benchmark and build their HR capability at individual...
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...debate between HRM and personnel management. Thus, the paper identifies the historical developments and their impacts on HRM, outlines the development and functions of HRM, explains the differences between HRM and Personnel Management, evaluates ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ approaches to HRM, illustrates how diversity is an issue in Human Relations (HR) practice and finally considers HRM as an international issue. It concludes with a discussion about ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ models of HRM and its implications for the human resource manager. INTRODUCTION The term "human resource management" has been commonly used for about the last ten to fifteen years. Prior to that, the field was generally known as "personnel administration." The name change is not merely cosmetics. Personnel administration, which emerged as a clearly defined field by the 1920s (at least in the US), was largely concerned the technical aspects of hiring, evaluating, training, and compensating employees and was very much of "staff" function in most organizations. The field did not normally focus on the relationship of disparate employment practices on overall organizational performance or on the systematic relationships among such practices. The field also lacked a unifying paradigm. HRM developed in response to the substantial increase in competitive pressures American business organizations began experiencing by the late 1970s as a result of such factors as globalization, deregulation, and...
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...IMPACT OF HR AND BUSINESS STRATEGY ALIGNMENT ON JOB PERFORMANCE AND EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION Abstract A company’s success is determined to a large extent by the nature of its employees as well as the level of devotion that employees demonstrate. Due to this, the top managers and executives are given the responsibility for maintaining control on employee’s activities as well as the employee’s management policies through the development of the Human Resource Management Department. This shows that how important role HR plays in maintain the employees satisfied within any organization. This research study is focused on studying the impact of HR and business strategy alignment on job performance and employee satisfaction. This research used deductive approach as this study find out the impact of aligning HR with business strategy and effect of job environment on employee satisfaction. The survey questionnaire method is used to get reliable and valid results based on close ended questions having a 5-Likert scale to measure the attitude of employees and employers towards the impact of aligning HR with business strategy and effect of job environment on employee satisfaction at Siemens. The research used SPSS for analysing quantitative information by using descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. Research shows that Siemens align HR practices and business strategy. From regression analysis, it is found that alignment of Human Resource practices with the business strategies of...
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...relationship between HRM practices and organizational performance, but the relationship between HRM practice like job analysis – employee Job performance remains unexplored. This paper, based on a study of employees of Pakistan Public sector regulatory authorities of telecommunication, oil and gas, power, media, security exchange, banking sector and organizations being regulated by these authorities is an attempt to develop and test a hypothesized model linking HR importance of job analysis with employee job performance. Survey results of 568 employees indicated that practice of job analysis was strongly related to employee job performance. The findings suggest that an organisation-wide policy of job analysis is an important source of competitive advantage in its own right, and requires due attention of HR professionals. The study extends the findings of the HR–employee job performance research pursued in Western countries to a non-Western context. Keywords: Human resource management; HR practices in regulatory authorities; HR-performance linkage; Job analysis; Job performance; Job satisfaction; Job retention; Recruitment Process; Knowledge, skills and abilities INTRODUCTION I n western countries human resource management (HRM) research has shown a shift from microanalytical approach (individual performance) to a macro-strategic (organizational performance) perspective but in a country like Pakistan micro level approach is yet to be analysed. Distant from the...
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...conceptual and not based on substantial empirical evidence for their validity (Beer, Spector, Lawrence, Miles & Walton, 1984; For burn, Tichy & Devanna,1984; Guest,1989). Human Resources (HR) are considered as the most important assets of an organization, but very few organizations are able to fully harness its potential (Ahmed & schroeder, 2002). Human resources system is a distinct but interrelated activities, functions and processes that are directed at attracting, developing and maintaining or disposing firms’ human resources (Lado & Wilson, 1994). Human resources in other words, well informed capable citizenry can improve the total ability of an organization, a society, a government agency and virtually of a country, of a nation (khan, 2003). Human resources are the most important assets of an organizations because without them the business functions such as managing cash flow, making business transactions, communicating through all forms of media, and dealing with customers could not be completed (Haslinda, 2009). Human Resource Management (HRM) is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment of, management of, and providing direction for the people who work in the organization. Human Resource Management can also be performed by line managers. HR practices are...
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