...Human Resource Management? 3 Who Performs the Human Resource Functions? 4 Key Challenges for HR Managers 5 HRM and Strategy 6 Organizational Performance and the Human Resource Manager 7 Communicating Human Resource Programs 8 Equal Employment Opportunity & Diversity 9 Equal Employment Opportunity Laws 9 Landmark Court Cases 11 Compliance Agencies 12 EEO Implementation 12 Key terms of the chapter 13 Job Analysis and Job Design 15 Basic Terminology 15 Job Analysis 17 Job analysis method 19 Disadvantages of job analysis 21 Job Design 21 Advantages of job specialization 21 Job design consideration 22 Human Resources Management: Chapter 1: Strategy What is Human Resource Management? Human resource management (HRM, or simply HR) is the management process of an organization's workforce, or human resources. It is responsible for the attraction, selection, training, assessment, and rewarding of employees, while also overseeing organizational leadership and culture and ensuring compliance with employment and labor laws. Nearing the 21st century, advances in transportation and communications greatly facilitated workforce mobility and collaboration. Corporations began viewing employees as assets rather than as cogs in a machine. "Human resources management", consequently, became the dominant term for the function. "Human capital management" is sometimes used synonymously with HR, although human capital typically refers to a more narrow view...
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...(HRM) in recent decades. Traditionally, the HR function has been viewed as primarily administrative, focusing on the level of the individual employee, the individual job, and the individual practice (Becker, Huselid, and Ulrich, 2001), with the basic premise that improvements in individual employee performance will automatically enhance organizational performance. In the 1990s, an emphasis on strategy and the importance of HR systems began to emerge. Both researchers and practitioners began to recognize the impact of aligning HR practices with organizational strategy. HR has now emerged as a strategic paradigm in which individual HR functions, such as recruitment, selection, training, compensation, and performance appraisal, are closely aligned with each other and also with the overall strategy of the organization. This new approach of managing human resources has introduced a more strategic role of HRM in an organization. Globalizations, technological advance, changes in the nature of work, changes in workforce demographics are the factors that demand more strategic role of HRM in management. In order to play a more strategic role as a HR manager you need to involve in many tasks like creating strategy execution role, creating formulation execution role, creating a strategic HRM system, creating high-performance-work system, translating strategy into HR policy & practice, and creating a HR scorecard process. 2. WHY AS A HR MANAGER YOU NEED TO PLAY A MORE STRATEGIC ROLE...
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...article examines the strategic role of HR and its main practices, describes the outcomes of the respective category of HR practices, explains the critical reasons for measuring HR’s efforts, and proposes a framework for assessing HR. Ultimately, organizations would be able to utilize the information to determine how particular HR practices correlate with better business results; determine potential areas for investments, expansions, and reductions; justify budget allocations; and be more accountable for each dollar spent within the organization. The framework proposed does not merely explain the cost for each of the major HR activity, but demonstrates the value of the activity and hence, the opportunity to determine if it is a worthwhile investment and strategy for creating a competitive advantage. What value does the human resources (HR) function contribute to the bottom line of the organization? Over the years, there has been tremendous emphasis placed on HR practitioners becoming strategic business partners and being a value-added source within organizations. Traditionally, HR professionals could talk generally and conceptually about employee morale, turnover, and employee commitment being outcomes of HR efforts. Furthermore, the HR function is often viewed as an expense-generator and an administrative function and not as a value-added partner. Ulrich (1997b) reiterated that to fulfill the business partner role of HR, concepts need to be replaced with evidence...
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...THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION AND THE ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCES. Muhammad Aminu Bawa (1) Dr Juhary Ali (2) ABSTRACT The current financial crisis, which has engulfed East Asia since July 1997 and has subsequently spread to Russia and Brazil, is one of the most pressing challenges facing countries and businesses in today's global business environment. Globalization represents the structural making of the world characterized by the free flow of technology and human resources across national boundaries as well as the spread of Information Technology (IT) and mass media presenting an ever-changing and competitive business environment. Two major limitations are observed in the treatment of the twin issues of the responses to the East Asian economic crisis and the coverage of the literature on globalization. While the response to the crisis has focused on macroeconomic aspects, the issue of globalization has been addressed predominantly in and with respect to the developed economies of Western Europe, North America and Japan. This paper is an attempt to address these two limitations. Since the human factor is the key in the new era of globalization (Hassan, 1992; Sims & Sims, 1995), the primary objective of this paper is to present a conceptual framework for effective management of human resources as a response to the growing interaction of globalization and business performance. Three central arguments are made in this paper. (1) That a growing body of evidence converge...
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...ASSIGNMENT Q.1 a) What is the impact of globalization and liberalization on industries in our country? Answer 1(a) During the mid 1980s, the Congress Government headed by Rajiv Gandhi made a move to change the policies regarding business, licenses, and permits, as also its attitude towards multinational companies (MNCs) operating in India. However, it was only during the succeeding government of Narasimha Rao government that a strategy was actually formulated in this direction and marketed both in India and abroad. The strategy aimed to bring the Indian economy into the mainstream of the global economy, and at the same time allow a whiff of competition and growth to Indian business. This it was hoped would bring a new dimension to the concepts of quality, productivity, and growth. In evitably, the winds of liberalization that swept through the nation opened a variable Pandora box, with far-reaching implications for hu7man resources management. It bought in a new era of technology, quality consciousness and competition which compelled Indian business to wake up from its somnambulism and reassess its assumptions for dealing with the complete-or-perish’ situation. India has proven world that despite its chaotic political scenario, imbalance wealth distribution, redundant bureaucracy, past baggage of Nehruvian socialism, and its sundry other problem, it can implement sustainable economic restructuring in the world’s most populous democracy. India has the...
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...MANAGEMENT STRATEGY Strategy: formulation of organizational missions, goals, objectives and actions plans (how the organization intends to achieve its goals Mintzberg’s 5 P’s of Strategy: i. Plan: intended course of action a firm has selected to deal with a situation ii. Purpose: consistent stream of action that sometimes are the result of a deliberate plan and sometimes the result of emergent actions based on reactions to environmental changes or shifting of assumptions iii. Ploy: specific manoeuvre at the tactical level with a short time horizon iv. Position: the location of an organization relative to its competitors and other environmental factors v. Perspective: gestalt or personality of the organization HR Planning Notebook 1.1 – Description of Strategy Strategy: declaration of intent (considered as both plan and purpose) Strategic Intent: tangible corporate goal; point of view about the competitive positions a company hopes to build over a decade Strategy Formulation: entire process of conceptualizing the mission of an organization, identifying the strategy, and developing long-range performance goals Strategy Implementation: activities that ees and managers of an organization undertake to enact the strategic plan and achieve the performance goals Objectives: the end, the goals Plans: product of strategy, the means to the end Strategic Plan: written statement that outlines the future goals of an organization, including long-term performance...
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...personnel management and human resource management. 5 1.2 Access the function of human resource management in contributing to organisational purposes of Tesco. 6 1.3 Evaluate the role and responsibilities of line managers in human resource practices of Tesco. 7 1.4 Analyze the impact of legal and regulatory framework on human resource management of Tesco 7 L.O 2 Understand how to recruit employees 8 2.1 Analyse the reason for human resources planning in organisations 8 2.2 Outline the stages involved in planning human resource requirements 9 2.3 Compare the recruitment and selection process in two organisations 9 2.4 Evaluate the effectiveness of the recruitment and selection techniques in two organisations 11 Task 3 Understand how to reward employees in order to motivate and retain them 12 3.1 Assess the link between motivational theory and reward 12 3.2 Evaluate the process of job evaluation and other factors determining pay 13 3.3 Assess the effectiveness of reward systems in different contexts 14 3.4 Examine the methods organisations use to monitor employee performance 15 Task 4 16 Know the mechanism for the cessation of the employment 16 4.1 Identify the reasons for cessation of employment with an organisation 16 4.2 Described the employment exit procedures used by Tesco and Sainsbury’s 16 4.3 Consider the impact of the legal and regulatory framework on employment cessation arrangements...
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...Framework of SHRM.....................................................................................................5 LO2.................................................................................................................................8 HRM process..................................................................................................................8 Roles in SHRM..............................................................................................................9 Development and implementation of HRM strategies..................................................10 LO 3...............................................................................................................................12 Range of HR strategies for British Airways..................................................................12 LO 4...............................................................................................................................15 Contemporary issues in...
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...that what people do is bad, they won’t accept that to their lives. What is business culture? Culture illustrates the accepted norms and values and traditional behaviour of a group. One definition of culture by Deal and Kennedy is “the way a we do things around here”. However, culture also evolves over time. The culture of each country has its own beliefs, values and activities. In other words culture can be defined as an evolving set of collective beliefs, values and attitudes. Culture is a key component in business and has an impact on the strategic direction of business. Culture influences management, decisions and all business functions from accounting to production. You may now be thinking predominantly about national culture but this is only one aspect, business culture is its own unique dimension that includes getting off on the right foot, meetings, negotiation, formalities, social media use, internships and work placements and other elements which are highlighted on this...
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...typically labeled HRM issues—are as relevant to line managers as they are to managers in the HR department. • An organization's success increasingly depends on the knowledge, skills, and abilities of employees, particularly as they help establish a set of core competencies that distinguish an organization from its competitors. To work with people effectively, we have to o Understand human behaviour o Be knowledgeable about various systems and practices available o Be aware of economic, technological social and legal issues • Core Competencies – Integrated knowledge sets within an organization that distinguishes it from its competitors and delivers value to customers. • Sustained competitive advantage through people is achieved if these human resources: o Have value. o Are rare and unavailable to competitors. o Are difficult to imitate. o Are organized for synergy. • The impact of HR practices o Cost savings – reduce turnover, absenteeism, cost of losing value employees (1 year salary), etc. o More productive employees • With good HR practices, organizations could do thing faster, better, and cheaper with the same number of employees. Competitive Challenges and HRM • The most pressing competitive issues facing firms: 1. Going global • Globalization – The trend toward opening up foreign markets to international...
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...Muhammed Mughni Atique B.sc (Hons), Business Administration Gift University Gujranwala IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES ONORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A STUDY OF BANKING SECTOR OF GUJRANWALA Keywords: Organizational Performance, Employee Satisfaction, Recruitment &Selection, Training & Development, Performance Appraisal and Compensation Abstract: The purpose of this study is to evaluate HRM practices and their impact on organizational performance in banking sector. People believe that HR is not important it’s just a sunk cost and have no significant positive effect on org. performance. The aim of this study was to check the impact between Human resource management and organizational performance. The research was conducted in banking sector of Gujranwala .We have evaluated the impact of functions of HR like Selection, Training, Appraisal and Compensation (as Independent Variables) on Organizational Performance (Dependent Variables). We have done research with the help of questionnaires. The conclusion and results are presented at the end of this paper. The analysis showed the positive relation between the dependent and independent variables. Introduction: Our financial sector evolved very differently from banks in the developed world. For nearly a year after partition, Pakistan had no central bank. Habib Bank – established in 1941 – filled this gap initially, until the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) was set up in 1948 under quasi-government ownership. Commercial...
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...Reflection Essay: A Summary of Essential Learning Outcomes in BUSN601 - Global Management Perspective JC American Military University Reflection Essay: A Summary of Essential Learning Outcomes in BUSN601 - Global Management Perspective There were a number of learning outcomes for BUSN601: Global Management Perspective. The topics for this course included: * developing Porter’s Five-Forces Model in a global strategy; * assessment and integration of business functions in an organization; * formulation of essential components of the strategic management process; * assessment of target markets and forecasting of the components of the marketing mix; * assessment of the importance of market research in developing a global initiative * Integrate e-business applications into your overall global initiative. * Appraise how employment law constrains choices for the organization * Relate how regulatory law affects an organization's decisions * Identify and incorporate the key elements of contracts. * Assess the influence of different cultural perspectives on global business operations. * Argue the influence of regional trading organizations on business opportunities and constraints In the following I discuss in summary perspective the key takeaways from this course as well as learning objectives I did not meet. Integrate Porter's Five-Forces Model into developing a solid global strategy. Porter’s five forces model of competitive analysis...
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...Is culture really all that International Human Resource Manager is about? * Introduction * Diversity Management * IHRM & Culture issue * Conclusion * References Introduction People have always been the driving force of business and management. This force is a challenge and if not addressed with the right skills, it will develop into disturbing elements that are very dangerous for the management of the company. The challenges of global talent selection and mobility of labor, established by a career concept that transcends national borders and organizational groups and the emergence of virtual collaboration on international projects requires companies to develop new skills in their employees to be effective in the complexity of today's contexts. The workforces are people, and as we are human, we are all different from various points of view. This paper aims to answer the question: “Is culture really all that International Human Resource Manager is about?” I’ve analyzed the differences between HRM and IHRM based on the concept of diversity, characteristics that influence both topics but in a different way. After this, the next stop is to define IHRM and the concept of culture to reach the conclusion that managing cultural differences in an international team is the major challenge to IHRM. Due to the movement of employees between foreign subsidiaries and headquarters and between foreign locales, HRM professionals are likely to...
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...new organizational approaches. approaches. Organizations will need to be adapting to these changes, market conditions and at the same time coping with the need for a renewing rather than reactive workforce.. workforce. Every day managers are confronting massive and accelerating change. change. As one writer comments, “Call it whatever you like – reengineering, restructuring, transformation, flattening, downsizing, rightsizing, a quest for global competitiveness – it’s real, it’s radical and it’s arriving every day at a company near you.” you. The world economy is currently dominated by information and communication technology, and has consequently become increasingly competitive and globalized. globalized. The changing economy also impacts on our living and working environments. environments. All human resource management practices will have to change dramatically to answer to the demand of the economy. economy. Important concepts relates to the new economy are...
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...perform tasks necessary to meet the goals. Factors to consider, such as the skills of current employees, available tools, and management information systems, are presented in the discussion on how labor supply and demand are matched. Job analysis, which is used to determine the knowledge, skills and abilities required for each job, is described, and the importance of job analysis for almost all HRM activities is emphasized. Finally, current issues in human resource planning, which today must deal with downsizing and rightsizing, are presented. Additional Features of this Chapter Exhibit 5-2 is s sample replacement chart. Examples from various job analysis techniques are provided and Exhibit 5-4 outlines the steps in a job analysis. Exhibit 5-9 gives a sample job description for a benefits manager. “Ethical Issues in HRM” discusses various competitive intelligence activities and the difference between ethical vs. legal. ADDITIONAL LECTURE OR ACTIVITY SUGGESTIONS Environmental Scanning: Bring to class (or have students bring to class) news articles about general trends in your community and region, as well as national and world-wide. These should not necessarily be directly related to HR topics. Ask students in small groups to review the articles and discuss how the information in them could be used by strategic human resource planners. Articles might cover, for...
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