...standards under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). While this has not yet been achieved, multiple countries have made an effort to converge their standards with IFRS. This paper attempts to illustrate the diversity that currently exists throughout the accounting world, briefly comparing several key differences of U.S. GAAP to the standards used in Hong Kong, China, Mexico, and the United Kingdom. Hong Kong With a few minor exceptions, Hong Kong has officially converged its financial reporting standards with IFRS effective January 1, 2005 (AdoptIFRS.org). Hong Kong’s primary GAAP-required statements are known as Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards (HKFRSs), including their interpretations (Deloitte Global Services Limited, 2013). Other mandated GAAP requirements are found in Hong Kong’s Companies Ordinance as well as its Listing Rules (Deloitte Global Services Limited, 2013). The following paragraphs briefly highlight key financial statement items and their differing treatments by Hong Kong under IFRS and U.S. GAAP. The Balance Sheet While U.S. GAAP only provides a small amount of direction when clarifying how assets and liabilities should be offset, IFRS gives specific directions on how to offset both assets and liabilities (Epstein, Ifrs statement of financial position, 2012). Additionally, U.S. GAAP does not call for a classified statement of financial position, while IFRS requires one (Epstein, Ifrs statement of financial position, 2012). However, the terms...
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...as industrial manufacturers and distributors – and are therefore vulnerable to rising prices. LIFO accounting is a “timing issue”, rather than a tax gimmick. LIFO accounting reverses itself when demand drops. When companies reach lower-cost inventory layers last year as demand solwed, and at that point, profits rose under LIFO accounting and the company had to pay more in taxes. The same is true when deflation sets in. As the price of replacement inventory drops, taxable income increases, and so does a company’s tax obligation. Without LIFO, there is a “mismatch between what it’s going to cost us to put inventory back on the shelf and what we bought it for six months ago, when it may have cost less.” The elimination of LIFO is a cash-flow issue. Smaller companies with high LIFO reserves and low...
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...All CFA Institute members and candidates are required to comply with the Code and Standards Basic structure for enforcing the Code and Standards The CFA Institute Bylaws primary principles Based on two Fair process to member and candidate Confidentiality of proceedings Rules of Procedure Maintains oversight and responsibility The CFA Institute Board of Governors Through the Disciplinary Review Committee (DRC) Is responsible for the enforcement of the Code and Standards Conducts professional conduct inquiries Structure of the CFA Institute Professional Conduct Program Professional Conduct program (PCP) The CFA Designated Officer Selfdisclosure An inquiry can be prompted by several circumstances Directs professional conduct staff Written complaints Evidence of misconduct Report by a CFA exam proctor jim do Interviewing The Professional Conduct staff conducts an investigation that may include cf a. 1. Code Of Ethics And Standards Of Professional Conduct Collecting documents and records in support of its investigation Conclude the inquiry with no disciplinary sanction Issue a cautionary letter If finding that a violation of the Code and Standards occurred, the Designated Officer proposes a disciplinary sanction ay to Process for the enforcement of the Code and Standards When an inquiry is initiated Upon reviewing the material obtained during the investigation, the Designated Officer may .c Requesting a written explanation from the...
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...a position to demand reports that are tailored to their particular information needs. Paragraph10 of IAS -1 gives the complete list of these general purpose financial statements as follows: • A statement of financial position at the end of the period; • A statement of comprehensive income for the period; • A statement of changes in equity for the period; • A statement of cash flows for the period; • Notes, comprising a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information; Elements of Financial Statements: According to the Paragraph 9 of IAS-1, the financial statements provide information about the following information about the entity’s : Assets Liabilities Equity Income and expenses Contribution by and distribution to owners in their capacity as owners, and Cash flows Principles of Presentation IAS-1 contains eight overall principles for the presentation of financial statement. a) Fair presentation and compliance with IFRS: Paragraph 15 states that financial statements shall present fairly the financial position, financial performance, and cash flows of an entity. b) Going Concern:...
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...Topic | AS | IFRS | Presentation of Financial Statements | AS1-Disclosure of Accounting Policies AS5-Net Profit or Loss for the Period , Prior Period Items and Changes in Accounting Policies | IAS1- Presentation of Financial Statements | | Entities preparing first financial statements in compliance with Indian GAAP are required to comply with all accounting standards. | Entities preparing first financial statements in compliance with IFRS apply optional exemptions and mandatory exceptions in IFRS1 to the retrospective application of IFRS. | | Non-compliance with accounting standards or the Companies Act is prohibited unless permitted by other regulatory framework. | IFRS may be overridden in extremely rare circumstances where compliance would be so misleading that it conflicts with the objective of financial statements set out in the IFRS framework and thus, departure is needed to achieve fair presentation. | | Entities meeting the conditions to qualify as Small and Medium Sized Company have certain exemption or relaxation in complying with the accounting standards. | IFRS for SMEs(Small and Medium Enterprises) is a self-contained set of accounting principles that are based on full IFRS, but that have been simplified to the extent suitable for SMEs. The IFRS for SME and full IFRS are separate and distinct frameworks. | | There is no requirement to make an explicit and unreserved statement of compliance with Indian GAAP in the financial statements. | Entities should...
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...earnings”. Assess how a financial statement user may be able to detect managed earnings when reviewing the firm’s balance sheet, income statement, and cash-flow statement. Indicate how a potential investor might interpret these “red-flags”. Provide support for your rationale. Assess how the Sarbanes-Oxley Act addresses the concern of corporate “managed earnings”, indicating whether or not you believe the requirements within the Act are sufficient to minimize these concerns. Provide support for your rationale. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ACC 573 Midterm Exam Guide For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com ACC 573 Midterm Exam Guide The two categories of shareholders' equity usually found on the balance sheet of a corporation are When a firm attempting to create unique products or services for particular market niches, in order to achieve relatively high profit margins, this is best known as Which of the following economic characteristics is consistent with a pharmaceutical company? Which of the following economic characteristics is consistent with a commercial bank? Which of the following assets appears on the balance sheet at fair value? The use of acquisition cost as a valuation method is justified on the basis that acquisition cost is: U.S. GAAP, IFRS, and other major accounting standards are best characterized as Toro Company recognized $655,000 of cost of goods sold in 2010, in addition its implementation...
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...Deloitte United States Services Audit & Enterprise Risk Services Consulting Financial Advisory Services Tax Deloitte Growth Enterprise Services Featured Services Industries 2014 Industry Outlook Aerospace & Defense Automotive Banking & Securities Consumer Products Federal Government Health Care Providers Health Plans Insurance Investment Management Life Sciences Media & Entertainment Oil & Gas Power & Utilities Process & Industrial Products Real Estate Retail & Distribution State Government Technology Telecom Travel, Hospitality & Leisure Insights Deloitte University Press Browse by Content Type Browse by Role Innovation Centers Email Subscriptions Careers About Press Events Alumni Clients Contact Global > United States > About > University Relations > Deloitte Foundation Global site selector Go Search Search Top searches Top searchesBookmark Email Print this page Increase font Alliances Catalyst for Innovation Community Involvement Corporate Responsibility Deloitte’s sponsorship of the U.S. Olympic Committee Inclusion Deloitte University Ethics & Independence Deloitte Life Growth Through Acquisition History Investor Confidence Leadership University Relations Deloitte Foundation Faculty Resources Faculty and Ph.D. Support Life, Inc. Student Events The Trueblood Case Studies DOWNLOAD For a complete index of Cases and Addendum summary please click the download button above. The Trueblood Series cases...
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... Accounting policy of Forex transactions. Compare the policy with the relevant accounting standard (AS and IAS) Observe the relevant items in the IS/CFS/BS and give your comments Observe the translations gains or losses if any The consolidated revenue for Infosys in FY 2010 is Rs. 22,742 cr with a Year on Year growth of 4.8%. As per IFRS, the annual revenues stood at US $1,313 million, with a Year on Year growth of 2.5%. Sensitivity of INR against USD For every 1% change in INR against USD, the operating margin was affected by 0.4%. Accounting Policy of Foreign Exchange Transactions – Infosys Some salient features of the accounting policies of foreign transactions at Infosys are as follows: * All currency translations are done into the relevant functional currency at the exchange rate which is in effect on the Balance Sheet date. * Any gains (losses) due to the currency translations are included in the Income Statement. * The non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities are reported at their fair value. They are translated at the exchange rate on the date when the fair value was determined. * All transactions are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate on the date of the transaction * All profits (losses) that have resulted due to the foreign currency translation are included in the income statement. Functional Currency – Infosys The functional currency for: Indian Rupee Infosys Infosys BPO Respective...
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...Description 1. Corporate Finance & Financial Management: Historical performance; Time value of money: compounding, discounting, present values and future values, annuities and perpetuities, etc.; Interest rates and bond valuation; Dividends and stock valuation and dividend policy; Capital budgeting: NPV, IRR, payback period, profitability index, etc.; Risk, return and security market line: beta estimation, CAPM; Cost of capital, financial leverage, capital structure, etc; Cash and liquidity, credit and inventory management; International corporate finance; Risk management and financial engineering; Options and option valuation; Mergers and acquisitions 2. Accounting for Financial Statements: Preparation of income statement, balance sheet and statement of cash flows: Accounting for specialized items: Property, Plant & Equipment, bad debts; provisions; financial instruments; leases; employee benefits; income taxes; revenues,; foreign currency transactions etc.;Accounting for mergers and consolidations; IFRS vs GAAP; Financial statement analysis 3. Cost and Management Accounting: Cost concepts; Job-order costing vs process costing;ABC Costing; Marginal costing vs absorption costing: CVP analysis; Relevant costs: special order, make or buy decisions; ROA, residual income and economic value added; Standard costing and variance analysis; EOQ and linear programming 4. Quantitative Methods and Business Mathematics: Algebra and logarithm; Series and progressions; Probability...
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...SWOT analysis to highlight the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats particular to the airline. Qantas has a strong competitive position with a recognisable brand and loyal customer base through the use of the Frequent Flyer program. However, expansion into the Japanese domestic market could jeopardise future profitability. Other threats could arise from further technology failures, natural disasters and labour disputes. Accounting analysis of Qantas focused on the treatment of the Frequent Flyer program, hedging accounting and the adjustment of estimates relating to aircraft. It appears that management has applied prudent estimates which accurately reflect the financial position whilst allowing some flexibility. Discounted cash flow analysis was utilised to determine intrinsic equity and firm value. Key assumptions included the cost of equity, market risk premium and company beta, which were determined from economic forecasts and market observation. The intrinsic value of Qantas is valued at $1.79 per share. Following an analysis of the airline industry and detailed DCF and comparables valuations, this report does not recommend the inclusion of Qantas in a diversified portfolio. Considering the uncertainty surrounding the strategic...
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...accounting theory, concepts, and procedures inherent in the preparation of the general-purpose financial statements required of all publicly traded companies. Specifically addressed are the balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flows, explanatory notes, and the auditor’s opinion. Other areas explored include review of the accounting process, profitability analysis, financial disclosures, and time value of money concepts. IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) will be explored in conjunction with each chapter’s GAAP procedures. Prerequisites: BUS 232 – Principles of Managerial Accounting. Upon completion of this course you should be able to: 1. Understand the environment and theoretical structure of financial accounting. 2. Perform the steps in the accounting processing cycle and apply both cash and accrual based accounting. 3. Apply Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the preparation of the income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows. 4. Determine and prepare required financial disclosures. 5. Perform profitability analysis and income measurement. 6. Apply the concepts of the time value of money to income measurement and profitability analysis. 7. Apply the procedures to account for cash and receivables. 8. Perform inventories accounting and measurement...
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...Face-to-face hand-in #3 Due: Session 3 Topic: Capital Assets In this face-to-face we will consider the implication of information about capital assets on the financial statements. Parts 1 and 3 will use the financial statements of Nestlé Group, which are posted in the Face-to-Face tab on the Blackboard content page. The questions, in three parts, are on the next pages. Submission Requirements * You must hand in your face-to-face submissions at the beginning of the class. TAs will pick up the submissions within five to ten minutes of the start of class. If you arrive after the TA has picked up the assignment, or after 10 minutes of the start of class (whichever occurs first), you won’t be able to hand it in and you will receive a zero for that assignment. * You have to hand in your face-to-face assignment in the section you’re registered in. * Face-to-face assignments must be typed. * All parts must be completed with demonstrated effort in order to be graded “complete” Face-to-face hand-in #3 Capital Assets Due: Session 3 PART 1 For this part of the Face-to-Face you’ll use Nestlé Group’s 2012 consolidated financial statements and the 2012 Annual Report. You’ll find these documents on the Blackboard content page under the Face-to-Face tab. 1. How much depreciation expense did Nestlé record in 2012? $2,711M CHF 2. What amount of property, plant, and equipment did Nestlé report on its December 31, 2012 balance sheet? What does the...
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...Digging the Cash out of the Profit-A case of RAK PROPERTIES Though my bottom line is black, I am flat on my back, My cash flows out and customers pay slowly. The growth of my receivables is almost unbelievable The result is unremitting woe! And I hear the banker utter an ominous low mutter “Watch the cash flow”-Herbert S Bailey “Unbelievable, shocking, it is not possible!” These are the words of Mohd. Huda a prospective shareholder of RAK properties, while reviewing the annual reports of the company. Although Mohd Huda is an engineer in Dubai based trading company but his interest in stock market and his urge to multiply his hard earned money has made him go through the annual reports of the companies, he wants to invest his money into. “How it can happen?” Still grumbling..while looking at the result of the cash flow statements after reviewing the Income statement of the company. “A difference of AED 341,077,000, the income statement profit is AED 170,085,000 On the contrary the cash from operating Activities (AED170,992,000) has the equal number in negative”. RAK Properties RAK Properties, a Public Joint Stock Company listed on the Abu Dhabi Securities Market, is a real estate development company established to implement the emirate’s plans to promote real estate, tourism and leisure facilities in RAK and invest in interesting projects. It is intended that its activities will encourage economic growth in the UAE in general and Ras Al Khaimah in particular...
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...ACC 557 Entire Course Financial Accounting Follow Below Link to Download Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/acc-557-entire-course-financial-accounting/ For More Information Visit Our Website ( https://homeworklance.com/ ) Email us At: Support@homeworklance.com or lancehomework@gmail.com ACC 557 Financial Accounting Assignments , Discussions, Homework and Quizzes ACC 557 Week 1 DQ1 Improper or Illegal Methods From the e-Activity, identify the company, the accounting impropriety or illegality, how it was detected, the outcome, and propose a strategy that might have prevented the situation. Indicate how the strategy should be implemented.Assess the impact to the company’s financial performance based on the impropriety and the resulting effect to stakeholder confidence in management, recommending how the company can minimize the resulting impact to the business. ACC 557 Week 1 DQ2 General Accounting Principles “Bookkeeping and accounting are the same.” In terms of your role in the provision of financial services, present data to support the accuracy of this statement and support your position.Analyze the accounting equation as a concept that underpins the work of professional accountants and how an understanding of the equation can impact business decision making. ACC 557 Week 1 Homework Chapter 1 (E1-4,E1-7,E1-11,P1-2A) ACC 557 Week 2 ACC 557 Week 2 Homework Chapter 2 (E2-6,E2-9,E2-11,P2-2A) ACC 557 Week 2 Homework...
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...STRATEGIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT [PA2] PRACTICE EXAMINATION PA2 Before starting to write the examination, make sure that it is complete and that there are no printing defects. This examination consists of 19 pages. There are 4 questions. READ THE QUESTIONS CAREFULLY AND ANSWER WHAT IS ASKED. To assist you in answering the examination questions, CGA-Canada includes the following glossary of terms. Glossary of Assessment Terms Adapted from David Palmer, Study Guide: Developing Effective Study Methods (Vancouver: CGA-Canada, 1996). Copyright David Palmer. Calculate Compare Contrast Criticize Define Describe Design Determine Diagram Discuss Evaluate Mathematically determine the amount or number, showing formulas used and steps taken. (Also Compute) Examine qualities or characteristics that resemble each other. Emphasize similarities, although differences may be mentioned. Compare by observing differences. Stress the dissimilarities of qualities or characteristics. (Also Distinguish between) Express your own judgment concerning the topic or viewpoint in question. Discuss both pros and cons. Clearly state the meaning of the word or term. Relate the meaning specifically to the way it is used in the subject area under discussion. Perhaps also show how the item defined differs from items in other classes. Provide detail on the relevant characteristics, qualities, or events. Create an outcome (e.g., a plan or program)...
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