...IMPACTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON INDIAN ECONOMY INTRODUCTION TO GLOBALIZATION: Globalization has many meanings depending on the context and on the person who is talking about. It refers to the increasing global relationships of culture, people and economic activity. Guy Brainbant: says that the process of globalisation not only includes opening up of world trade, development of advanced means of communication, internationalisation of financial markets, growing importance of MNC’s, population migrations and more generally increased mobility of persons, goods, capital, data and ideas but also infections, diseases and pollution. The term globalization refers to the integration of economies of the world through uninhibited trade and financial flows, as also through mutual exchange of technology and knowledge. Ideally, it also contains free inter-country movement of labour. The United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia defines globalization as: "a widely-used term that can be defined in a number of different ways. When used in an economic context, it refers to the reduction and removal of barriers between national borders in order to facilitate the flow of goods, capital, services and labour... although considerable barriers remain to the flow of labour... Globalization is not a new phenomenon. It began towards the end of the nineteenth century, but it slowed down during the period from the start of the first World War until the third quarter of the twentieth...
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...evaluate the impact of globalisation on domestic business environment of India By Kru Question 5: Critically evaluate the impact of globalisation on domestic business environment of India Abstract This report will discuss the impact that India has had through globalisation, and how it has affected domestic business environment of India. The report will also include theories on globalisation and a PEST analysis showing the factors affecting economic growth on domestic business environments. And how the economy have been structured and adjustments for essential for growth of the economy. To improve India’s economy they would need to improve vastly on health care, because it is one of the main issues that are bring the economy down, as poverty is rising. They can do this by creating more jobs in the healthcare and working alongside with the government, to help with funding more. Another way is by investing money to improve water supplies. This can have a positive impact on India, as it would provide citizen with better living standards and therefore would have a positive effect on business and globally. By letting other nations to help with the water system, can have a long term impact on globalisation on domestic business environment of India, because there would have built a positive relationship with other nation. 1. Introduction In today’s tuff economical crisis, the term “globalisation” has created...
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...Economics task: Globalisation STUDENT NUMBER=20257806 WORD COUNT (including footnotes) =1,705 Globalisation is the process integrating economies into an international economy through an increase in trade, investment, technology, finance and labour. Globalisation has impacted greatly on the economy of India which is the 7th largest economy in the world and the 2nd most populus. India recently opened it’s economy in the last decade from a closed market in 1991.Globalisation has certain impacts on the economy which include economic convergence, economic growth & development, quality of life, distribution of income and wealth. There have been strategies put in place to promote economic growth and development which include. International Convergence International convergence is the tendency of economies becoming more similar in the ways they operate, their consumption patterns, structure of output, economic performance and government systems. The impact of this is an increase in trade dependency with economies formed open and deregulated markets as well as an increase in trade. A positive impact from increased trade is greater efficiency in resource allocation for NIE such as India. Indian exports have grown more than 25% per year to over $100 billion in 2006. (1)It has also led to an increase in level of output as GDP growth for India in 2007 was 9%. (2). As Indian companies began trading on the world market they were forced to become more efficient...
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...etc. “Globalization is the process of world shrinkage, of distances getting shorter, things moving closer. It pertains to the increasing ease with which somebody on one side of the world can interact, to mutual benefit, with somebody on the other side of the world.” (Larsson, 2001) Guy Brainbant: says that the process of globalisation not only includes opening up of world trade, development of advanced means of communication, internationalisation of financial markets, growing importance of MNC's, population migrations and more generally increased mobility of persons, goods, capital, data and ideas but also infections, diseases and pollution. (Brainbant, 2006) Globalisation is a new mantra which has come to rule the world since late 20th century especially after important historical events such as Soviet Union breaking into pieces and end of world cold war since then the global picture has come into existence. The trend of relying market economy and private capital and resources, some major international organisations have started the process of structural adjustment in the developing countries around the globe especially Asian countries. Globalisation has opened doors of great opportunities for the developing countries and has handed the key to access the technology and world markets which has improved the standards of...
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...Globalisation refers to the increasing level of economic integration between countries, leading to the emergence of a global market place or a single world market. Globalisation has played an important part in the economic development of countries around the world but has also led to increased damage to the environment. To illustrate this, India and Australia will be used as examples. India's economic development strategies built up a number of problems over the period 1965 to the late 1980s. A key problem was declining investment expenditure from an average growth of 5% to 3.7% over the course of two decades and the fact that the government sector was spending much more than it taxed. In response to this, the Indian government of Narasimha Rao in 1991 introduced significant reforms in the Indian economic system by following globalisation trends across the world and making India a more active participant in the global economy. India began to move away from 'self-reliance' as it liberalised its protection policies e.g. reducing tariffs. India became more involved in global capital markets which brought in funding and capital as well as intellectual knowledge. India's currency was floated in 1991 which resulted in significant depreciation of the rupee (approximately 20%). This made its exports more competitive, provided cheaper labour for foreign companies and encouraged foreign investment. INSERT FLOATING CURRENCY GRAPHS Since 2000 the Indian economy achieved higher rates...
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...Introduction IT industry and Globalisation 2008 Financial crisis and Impact on Indian IT sector Response steps taken by Indian IT firms (HCL, Infosys and TCS) Conclusion Introduction IT industry belongs to the servicing industry in India since India has not grown completely as Indigenous product developers in IT domain. So the growth and performance of Indian IT industry is completely attributed towards the institutions and organisations to which the software solutions or servicing is exported. It is very tough to comprehend and list out the types of macroeconomic shocks that an IT industry would face. The main reason for this would be IT sector as a whole doesn’t provide its software solutions not just one sector. It provides software solutions to almost all of the sectors like Manufacturing, Retail, Insurance, Banking, and Media, Entertainment so much more and still has scope in so many unexplored domains. Since the onset of globalisation in the early 90s, large capital influx and the crises that could be attributed with it have become one of the known risks. Large flows of capital into another country has created currency crisis in most of the countries. The most predominant of these shocks was recorded was in the East Asian countries. India never fell prey to these shocks and was effectively insulated from these shocks, until it has opened up its markets for investment by foreign players. The globalization and reforms of 90s...
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...Yes Globalisation is necessary, for an economy to grow. Globalisation refers to the integration of economic, technological, socio-political factors with the world. And with globalisation, with the mutual co-operation and assistance -particularly with reference to the law of comparative advantage- it is going to be beneficial. Globalisation also helps reducing the poverty level in the country-there are plenty of evidences and record to support it.Developing countries specially require globalization. Because Indians are very rich in resources of skilled manpower.So Other countries are interested to invest in India.We don’t have that much funds/money to make very huge industries or developments.There is no shame to invite other countries for investing.lot of advantages are there..employment,infrastructure development,tourism , foreign exchange and etc..Even America would be nowhere if globalisation was an imaginary concept never put forward. Half the world’s countries would be reeling in depression right now if not for globalisation. For example, petroleum, most countries are on the verge of depleting their entire reserves and some countries don’t have it at all. Seeing this if not for globalisation the entire world would be left crippled due to the massive energy crisis facing them. while globalisation is necessary it is not sufficient to ensure communities gain from globalisation. To keep and spread the gains,government must not only reduce barriers to trade and investment, they...
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...population of the world and in fact added together they represent nearly one third of humanity. Globalisation has imposed internal pressure and external pressure to bear on both India and China. For most Chinese and Indians alike, economic life is hard despite the fact that reforms and globalisation have created various new opportunities and as such both countries have witnessed an emerging middle class with Americanised tastes and preferences, irrespective of this however, both countries remain very poor. Although the two countries went to war in 1962 due to some border dispute, they have since tried to normalise relations and in 1995 for the first time trade had exceeded US$1 billion between them. They have lately received a lot of international attention being viewed as emerging giant economies as they both play key roles at the international level. For example China has been a permanent member of the Security Council at the UN, while India who has lead the Non-Aligned Movement for years and is still vying for a similar position. Furthermore, India has been one of the founding members of the WTO and has played a prominent role as one of the developing nations whereas China has had to fight for decades to obtain its admission into this international organisation. While both China and India have an extended history of international trade going back centuries ago, both their economies were until recently highly protected and controlled to a large extent albeit that their political...
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...Global Policy and Strategy The impact of globalisation: A case study on Tesco Plc. Submitted by: Ferdous Ahmed AL Mamun B00676737 Abstract Globalisation has been removed geographical barriers among the countries and allow an unrestricted international trade. It refers to the integration of world economies, share of technology and knowledge, inflow and outflow of foreign capital. Reduction of tax and tariff, easy enter into the foreign market, easy transportation impacted large domestic company. Now they seek possible opportunity in the foreign market and no longer national but multinational. The intension of this paper is to explain the impact of globalisation on Multinational Corporation. This study selected a multinational company ‘’Tesco Plc.” From food retail industry. And study explores how globalisation impacted Tesco Plc. On their international market, global policy, market competition etc. Table of contents 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………… 4 2. Market Drivers………………………………… ………………………………………. 4 3. Competitive Drivers………………………………………………………… …………. 5 4. Cost Drivers…………………………………………………………………… ……… 6 5. Government Drivers…………………………………………………………… …… 7 6. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………… ……….. 8 7. References………………………………………………………………… …………. 9 1. Introduction Globalisation is not a new phenomenon, but it is process by which world is becoming interconnected. Globalisation has changing the world’s trade and production pattern, has...
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...Economic Reforms in Asia: The Indian Case Study The Asian economy has seen a rapid rise over the past decade with countries such as China, India and South Korea making major headways. China, being the leader of the group, has been largely tipped by many economists to overtake the US as the world’s superpower by 2025. Asian GDP Performance (1997-2005) Source: http://www.treasury.gov.au The success of these nations came on the back of major economic reforms which transformed these sleeping giants into what it is today. China went through a major economic reform in 1979 and soon thereafter success followed. India, followed the same path, but much later than China, and it was not until the turn on the 1990s that India went on the path of economic liberalisation. This paper will focus on the economic reforms that took place in India and its impact on the country in terms of trade and macroeconomics growth and the birth of new economy. A section of this paper will also be comparing the growth of India in comparison to its Chinese counterparts as well as discuss reasoning behind critics who believe liberalisation was not the main contributor to the growth India is achieving today. Pre-Reform Period Post independence, India saw the need to move from an agrarian economy to an industrial one and as such building its competency in crucial sectors of the economy was important. The role of government therefore included economic management...
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...Globalization and its impact on Indian Economy: Developments and Challenges Globalization (or globalization) describes a process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through a global network of communication, transportation, and trade. The term is sometimes used to refer specifically to economic globalization: the integration of national economies into the international economy through trade, foreign direct investment, capital flows, migration, and the spread of technology. Globalization as a spatial integration in the sphere of social relations when he said “Globalization can be defined as the intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant locations in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice – versa.” Globalization generally means integrating economy of our nation with the world economy. The economic changes initiated have had a dramatic effect on the overall growth of the economy. It also heralded the integration of the Indian economy into the global economy. The Indian economy was in major crisis in 1991 when foreign currency reserves went down to $1 billion. Globalization had its impact on various sectors including Agricultural, Industrial, Financial, Health sector and many others. It was only after the LPG policy i.e. Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization launched by the then Finance Minister Man Mohan Singh that India saw its development in various sectors...
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...GLOBALISATION The phenomenon of globalization began in a primitive form when humans first settled into different areas of the world; however, it has shown a rather steady and rapid progress in recent times and has become an international dynamic which, due to technological advancements, has increased in speed and scale, so that countries in all five continents have been affected and engaged. Globalization means increasing the interdependence, connectivity and integration on a global level with respect to the social, cultural, political, technological, economic and ecological levels. Eventually globalization would mean being able to manufacture in the most cost-effective way anywhere in the world. It means being able to procure raw materials and labour and getting resources from the cheapest source anywhere in the world. The Advantages: • GDP Increase: If statistics are of any indication, the GDP of the developing countries has increased twice as much as before. • Per Capita Income Increase: The wealth has had a trickling effect on the poor. The average income has increased to thrice as much. • Unemployment is Reduced: This fact is quite evident when you look at countries like India and China. • Education has Increased: Globalization has been a catalyst to the jobs that require higher skill set. This demand allowed people to gain higher education. • Competition on Even Platform: The companies all around the world are competing on a single global platform. This allows...
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... ISSN 2322-083X Indian Technology and Globalization: A New Wrapper on Old Context Soma Bandyopadhyay Department of Computer Science and Engineering MCKV Institute of Engineering Howrah, India Basab Bandyopadhyay Department of Civil Engineering Professional Engineering Services Pvt. Ltd. Kolkata, India Abstract The objective of this paper is to explain the meaning of Globalization and to explore the impact of globalization in Indian context. Our study has two major goals: To analyse the globalization process before and after independence and to describe the main features of the Indian software industry, especially its competence and weakness. The study also reveals the trade and investment policies of the Government of India and its effects on Foreign Direct Investment. We have also done comparative study between Indian and Chinese economy, their strength and challenges. Keywords—Globalization; FDI; India; IT; China; Economic Policy; Industry; Technology. Introduction Globalization is a natural phenomenon of today’s world economies. However in the Indian perspective the globalization of its economy in general and science and technology in particular has taken varied course on its way to modern times. The key feature of this paper is to trace its path through the different periods, with special emphasis on the evolution of science and technology during this course. Different government policies adopted to cope with the rough terrains of economy has been discussed in...
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...GLOBALISATION AND ITS IMPACT ON CULTURE Globalization can be defined as the removing of borders and barriers to facilitate easy exchange of ideas, resources and knowledge between countries. Communication is the essence of Globalization. Without communication, globalization is not possible. Globalization was introduced to India in 1991,when Manmohan Singh signed the New Economic Policy , when the Indian government introduced a set of reforms for the ailing Indian economy to prevent it from going to further crisis. These reforms were the Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization reforms. Since 1991, we have seen major changes in India. Globalization has opened India to the world and has brought in the much needed exposure. Globalization has had impacts in the economic, social, cultural and political ways of India. The most significant remains the impact of globalization on the economic sector. India has seen tremendous growth since 1991. India is one of the fastest growing countries in the world and that is all due to the reforms undertaken in 1991. The role of Multi -National Corporations (MNC’s) is very significant in the Indian scenario. The MNC’s were brought in by Globalization. Indian shores were attacked by the Chinese ships , and their products dominated the markets at first. But now , after Globalization , it’s a flat world , where in raw material , labour is picked up where it is cheap and all functions like marketing , manufacturing...
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...currency devaluation to the extent of 56.75%. This was due to reasons like the war with Pakistan and China and the drought that hit the country. The first oil shock in 1973 resulted in a decline in economic performance but was absorbed by buoyant exports. The second oil shock of 1979 was more severe and the government has to resort to heavy borrowing. This was further aggravated by the Gulf war in 1990-91. Despite the recovery in 2009-2010 and 2010-11, the economic performance on the country deteriorated in 2011-12 due to adverse external environmental factors and low domestic investment. In addition to observing the trend in national income, it is also necessary to look at the structural shift of the economy over the years. The Indian economy has shifted from an agrarian economy with a decline from 57% in 1950-51 to 40% in 1980‐81 to 24 per cent in 1995‐96. During 2009-10, it was 16%. The industry sector has remained fairly stable at around 25% since 1987. With respect to services, four services, namely trade, transport, banking and communication have contributed 10% in 1950-51 and 32% in 2007-08. Unfortunately this increase on the GDP front has not been translated in terms of employment. Most of the...
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