...emphasis exclusively on the Indian political system. The fifth and sixth semesters courses deal with public administration and International relations. Course objectives 1. Imparting value based education. 2. Preparing responsible and politically conscious citizens. 3. Building good leadership qualities and responsible future leaders. 4. Understanding the art of government and administration. 5. Motivating students to take competitive examinations. 6. Creating civic sense COURSE STRUCTURE I Semester Course Code POL 131 II Semester Course Code POL 231 III Semester Course Code POL 331 IV Semester Course Code POL 431 V Semester Course Code POL 531 POL 532 VI Semester Course Code POL 631 POL 632 Title Core Concepts of Political Science. Title Major Political Ideologies Title Indian Government and Politics- I Title Indian Government and Politics- II Title International Relations- I Principles of Public Administration Title International Relations- II Personnel and Financial Administration Hrs/ wk 5 Hrs/ wk 5 Hrs/ wk 5 Hrs/ wk 5 Hrs/ wk 4 4 Marks 100 Marks 100 Marks 100 Marks 100 Marks 100 100 Credits 4 Credits 4 Credits 4 Credits 4 Credits 3 3 Hrs/ wk 4 4 Marks 100 100 Credits 3 3 1 BA SEMESTER I POL 131: POLITICAL SCIENCE PAPER I – CORE CONCEPTS OF POLITICAL SCIENCE 75 Hrs This course deals with basic concepts of political science such as state, government, law, rights etc. Objectives To introduce the students to: • The...
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...An understanding of the importance of pro bono and access to justice is a crucial part of any law student’s education. How could this be improved? Twenty one years ago in 1992, “Daniel” who was 29 years old, was arrested in relation to a crime which left the victim, a county investigator, with a broken nose in Arizona. Two years later, evidence emerged that during the incident “Daniel’s” accomplice said “We got to do him” to which “Daniel” did not reply. On the basis of this weak evidence “Daniel” was convicted of the more serious crime of conspiracy to commit first degree murder and sentenced to life imprisonment. For the majority of my lifetime, “Daniel” has been trying to correct this egregious conviction and his struggle is far from over. Last summer, I work pro bono on “Daniel’s” case as a second year law student in Oracle, Arizona, and came to realise the true benefit of pro bono work. I ended up in Oracle after studying American Legal Practice at Birmingham City University as part of my second year LL.B studies. The American Legal Practice module is the largest UK to USA legal internship programme in the United Kingdom with over 100 host partners. The module provides students with an opportunity to work pro bono in an American law office, project or organisation for academic credit. Before embarking on the internship students must undertake training, in order to prepare them for some possible issues they may encounter. The training covered areas including legal...
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...Table of Contents Introduction 2 Differences between Domestic and International Human Resource Management 2 What is Expatriate 4 IHRM has three dimensions 4 International assignments create expatriates 5 Increasing Importance of International Human Resource Management 6 Significance of International Human Resource Management 9 Conclusion 11 Reference……. 12 Introduction As we enter the new millennium, more and more companies are recognizing the importance of managing their human resources as effectively as possible. They are also recognizing that doing so, however, cannot be done without recognition and incorporation of the global context. It is virtually impossible to read a business periodical or newspaper anywhere in the world without seeing stories detailing the success of a company due to how effectively it manages its people. As the environment becomes more global, managing people also becomes more challenging, more unpredictable and uncertain and more subject to rapid change and surprise. Thus what we are witnessing within human resource management (HRM) is the rapid appreciation for and development of all aspects of global and international activities and issues associated with and affected by HRM. And because the importance of managing people effectively in the global context is so great, many companies are devoting a great deal more time, attention, skill, and effort into doing it well. To be successful, many firms have to compete...
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...Career Choice Report Investment Banker or International Corporate Attorney? Prepared for xxxxxxxxx Prepared by xxxxxxxxxxx April 8, 2013 Date: April 8, 2013 To: xxxxxxxxx From: xxxxxxxx Re: Sharing Research on My Career Choice I am writing this in response for the request in information on my career choice. I am sure you believe that this assignment is important for me to consider what I want to do with myself over the next few years. Since I am in the business school, it is important that I reach a decision based on business. The two careers I researched were International Corporate attorney and Investment banker. Hopefully the details provided in this report will give you solace. I found information that brings to light what my future career should be. I believe I told you international law was something that interested me while a career in finance such as investment banking was also on my mind. My decision is based upon the best available research and is also the best decision for me more importantly. Since this report is based on my needs, I think that it is best to reveal them. My goal is to someday raise a family somewhere in the United States. So the criteria I am evaluating my career decision on is based with that goal in mind. There are specific needs that I would like filled with my career and families have unique needs. This report will contain many facts and figures based on research collected over a large period of time...
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...that helps in paving the way for public to participate indecision-making process and governance system. Right to Information is one of the lately recognized rights, generally information means any material in any form including records, documents, memos, e-mails, opinions, advices, press releases, circulars, orders, logbooks, contracts, reports, papers, samples, models, proceedings, decisions. This is one of the importance right held in public agencies. This term also includes the right to study or observe any written documents, materials held in public agencies or proceedings of such public agencies, to obtain a verified copies of such written documents, to visit or observe the places where any construction of public importance is going on and to obtain verified samples of any materials or to obtain information held in any type machine. The terms 'Right to Information' and 'Freedom of Information' are often used interchangeably and have long been regarded as fundamental Human Rights. Common Article 19 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) recognizes Right to...
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...Human rights are moral principles that set out certain standards of human behaviour, and are regularly protected as legal rights in national and international law. They are "commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being." Human rights are thus conceived as universal (applicable everywhere) and egalitarian (the same for everyone). The doctrine of human rights has been highly influential within international law, global and regional institutions. Policies of states and in the activities of non-governmental organizations and have become a cornerstone of public policy around the world. The idea of human rights suggests, "if the public discourse of peacetime global society can be said to have a common moral language, it is that of human rights." The strong claims made by the doctrine of human rights continue to provoke considerable skepticism and debates about the content, nature and justifications of human rights to this day. Indeed, the question of what is meant by a "right" is itself controversial and the subject of continued philosophical debate.However, the aim of this essay is to explore the meaning of human rights and comment on human rights violation in Zambia since 1964. To begin with, it is worth mentioning that in order to gauge the future of human rights, it is vital to look at both the past and the present. In comparison to the early days of the 21st century, individuals are far...
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...and may it help you. Country Name Argentina Basic Position Argentina is focusing on cracking down the ill-using of ICTs. Past Actions Reached a ‘Tunisia commitment’ with many countries to make the commitment in advancing the development of information technology and accelerate the national exchange. Proposed Solutions (1) Introduce a law named" Information security law "to promote the protection of the domestic information security. (2) Call upon national institutions and social organizations to corporate to promote the maintenance of information security. (3) Call for regional organization to implement technology exchange. (1) Normalize laws and standards on cyber perpetration and ICT intelligence use and supply. (2) Promote a comprehensive collaboration framework based on critical regional cyber security organizations. (3) Elaborate common terms and definitions and exchange national views on the use of ICTs in conflict for the sake of confidence-building. Australia Australian government calls for international collaboration to cope with information perpetration and to establish constricting norms on the state use of ICT, relieving international instability and enhancing the freedom of information. Communication and cooperation among (1) Committed $125.8 million to cyber safety measures. (2) Cyber Security Strategy was ensued; (3) Completed the strategy with CERT Australia and the Cyber Security Operations Centre (CSOP). Brazil (1) ApprovedBill 12.737/12 in 2012,which ...
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...RUNNING HEAD: THE IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS IN THE BUSINESS WORLD BY Marie J.Lucel MAN 2604 International Business Submitted to: Professor McFarlane Donovan Department of Business Administration Broward College North Campus Coconut Creek, Florida April 01 , 2013 The Importance of Business Ethics in International Businesses Abstract Keywords: Business ethics, corruption, human rights, conducts employment practices, environmental regulations, conflicts of interests, General Policy and Procedures, and moral obligation of the multinational organization. Introduction Businesses are faced with very real ethical dilemmas where the appropriate course of action is not really clear. Some of these are the ethical obligations of a multinational corporation toward their employment conditions, human rights, environmental pollution .Understanding the nature of ethical problems and deciding what actions to pursue when confronted with .Ethical problems frequently occur in International Business. Basic human rights are not accepted in international business, which include freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, freedom of movement, freedom of political repression and so on. In international corruption is so widespread in some countries that politicians and bureaucrats regard it as a benefit of office and openly as break laws against corruption. Corruption is seen and treated as illegal, and when discovered, violators are punished by the full extent of the law. In some countries their...
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...true to the obligations which you have undertaken. . . . Your obligations which you have taken in the sight of Allah. . . . For Allah is your Witness." For the people of the Mediterranean area, the common interest in commerce was added to the religious motive. The juridical sense of the Romans recognized that a well-regulated trade was possible only if contracts were kept. Then, as earlier, contracts were considered as being under Divine protection. But their psychological basis then was, above all, the necessity of a legal regulation of international contractual relations. Christianity exercised a great influence on the sanctity of contracts. Its basic idea demanded that one's word be kept, as is clearly expressed in the Gospel according to St. Matthew. Later, the Fathers of the Church set forth in detail the notion of the sanctity of contracts. ANALYSIS & IMPORTANCE IN INTERNATIONAL LAW It is arguably the oldest principle of law. The obligatory nature of treaties is...
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...to examine the concepts of industrial revolution, neo-liberalization, international corporate governance, millennium development goals, the need for international institutions and the international regulatory framework in different areas like international trade, financial services sector, environmental protection etc., with a view to question the relevance of the traditional concept of sovereignty in the present globalized world. * Origin of the research problem: Research Question Whether the traditional concept of sovereignty of states has undergone a sea change in the wake of massive globalization? The Industrial Revolution which is referred to the period from the 18th to the 19th century brought the winds of change during which major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, transport, and technology had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the human race. Starting in the United Kingdom, and then subsequently spreading throughout Europe, North America, and eventually the world, the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in the history of humanity since the domestication of animals and plants. In the two centuries following 1800, the world's average per capita income increased over 10-fold, while the world's population increased over 6-fold. While international trade has been present throughout much of history, its economic, social, and political importance has...
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...What are International Business Ethics? International Business Ethics The importance of international business ethics has been rising steadily along with the growth of international business. Technologies like the Internet have made international business all the more viable, and many companies can only find the desirable growth and profit they seek by expanding into new markets. This means that just as business ethics domestically have grown in importance along with the power and significance of major businesses, so must international business ethics take center stage as a major concern of the modern era. The primary problem of international business ethics lies in the fact that most cultures and nations hold entirely different standards of both law and ethics. In America, business ethics can be employed because, in general, the disagreement between what actions are ethical and what actions are unethical in a single culture will be lesser than the disagreement between two entirely different cultures with different values and cultural practices. As a result, one business might believe it is acting perfectly in accordance with international business ethics, while another would view that first business as acting in a completely unethical fashion. Many businesses adopt the policies of cultural relativism, in which they attempt to take on the business ethics exhibited by the nation in which the business is working a particular deal, as opposed to attempting to carry any...
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...major trading partner is China, to which approximately 60 of its products are imported. Trade practices are methods of competition, operating policies, or business procedures common to members of a line of business or industry that may be formally adopted sometimes as a rule under government auspices. Wal-Mart has a policy to thoroughly check all regulatory requirements before attempting to import and export merchandise. They also have policies stating that documentation must be complete and accurate and internal controls must be established to ensure compliance with all regulatory requirements, including any record-keeping obligations. Wal-Mart has trade agreements with the Federal Trade Commission and all the countries it trades with. Importance of demographics and physical infrastructure Demographic information includes geographic area, age, income, race, gender, and education level. It also includes shopping habits, marital status, number of children and other information about...
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...Michel From RWANDA "Relationship between international custom and international convention" Abstract The relationship between treaty and custom is a topic of great importance in practice and theory. An attempt at unraveling the intrigues involved in this relationship requires an understanding of the formal nature of the two sources of treaty and custom, and of the impact they exert upon each other in the search for applicable law in a concrete situation by government officials, judges and legislators. The separateness of these two sources is at times not clear, but shall always be maintained. Rules derived from both sources contribute to the body of international law, and they are rules of equal force. The rules thus derived from them may restrict each other in application and conflict in content, thus being conducive to strangeness in law, and may become asymmetrically opposed. This brief description reveals the relationship between treaties and international custom which can influence international practices. That influence can result in different significant consequences for international relations as a whole. This work is concerned with the relationship between treaty and custom at the international level. Introduction There is still no consensus among academics and other interested parties as to what international law is. However, Prof. J. G. Starke has stated that: “International law consists of a system of laws, the majority of which applies to states but...
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...number of environmental factors. We will be discussing all those factors, affect of global economic interdependency, affect of trade agreements and other business practices, and material road and communication networks. Topics like social responsibility, ethics and actual law, cultural differences, and foreign corrupt practices act of 1997 will be discussed. Finally, we will go through effect of political systems, pressure of international relations and effect of technology on overall business. Influence of Global Economic Interdependence & Effect of Trade Practices and Agreements Trade agreements, business practices and the economy help in understanding the purchasing power of the customers. It means they work with earnings, prices, reserves, loans and GDP. These factors should be kept in mind when any organization decides to go global. They should carefully plan their marketing mix in accordance to the target consumers. Pricing is of prime importance here and should be according to prevalent economics conditions there. IKEA has presence in either industrial countries or industrializing countries that is why they can sell their products easily, mainly to middle class that is their prime target. Importance of Demographics & Physical Infrastructure Determining demographic and physical conditions is essential for effective marketing. It includes gender discrepancy, gender...
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...Introduction With the initiation of global economy comes an increased interaction between people of different countries and an increase in the need to deal with cultural differences. Thus, there must be an understanding of how the international project will affect people and how people will affect the project. This requires an understanding of economic, demographic, educational, ethical, ethnic, religious, and other characteristic of the people for whom the project affects or who have an interest in the project (Egeland, 2011). Today’s projects have dramatically increased in complexity, which requires a culturally and functionally diverse mix of individuals who must be assimilated into an effective unit – a project team. In order for the project to succeed it will be predicated upon the effectiveness of teamwork during all phases of the project life cycle (Knutson, J, 2001). Therefore, it is critical that organizations involved in international projects take into consideration “cultural risk”, which, if not consciously recognized may lead to ineffectiveness and in some cases prove to be very costly (Sennara & Hartman, 2002). Therefore, it must be understood that the most crucial element in international projects is “culture” (PM Hut, 2012). What is Culture? “Culture” refers to a way of life for a group or community that practices and shares values and common experiences that shapes the way in which the group or community understands the world. These values and practices...
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