...In A Dry Season Purpose/main ideas: Informs the responder about life in the bush and how harsh it is. It describes the bush and the typical rural characters. Feelings about the countryside and about social injustice are clearly expressed. There are 3 main ideas: Images of the monotonous and harsh landscape of the Australian bush The range of typical bush characterised The hardships and social injustice of life in the bush including unemployment Quote | Technique | Explanation | The last horrible spot in the bush, in a dry season, is where the bush isn't... Somebody told me that the country was very dry on the other side of Nevertire. It is. We crossed the Macquarie – a narrow, muddy gutter | | Humour used to....the harshness of the bush environment Use of understatement followed by a short sentence.... Metaphor used... | Draw a wire fence and a few raged gums, and add some scattered sheep running away from the train. Then you'll have the bush all along the New South Wales line... | | The use of imperative language and second person in the first lines of the story are used to engage the reader and....monotonous landscape of the bush | They talk of settling people on the land! Better settle in it | | A sarcastic tone created with the use of explanation and italics to effectively convey the narrator's negative impression of the bush | Death is about the only cheerful thing in the bush | | Irony...
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...tropical wet-and-dry. Australia, India, Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela are all countries and continents with tropical wet-and-dry climate areas. Tropical wet-and-dry climate areas are also known as savannas (grasslands). Savannas and/or tropical wet-and-dry climate areas are found near the equator, on outer edge of tropical wet climate areas. The largest tropical wet-and-dry climate areas are found in Africa, Brazil, and India. Tropical wet-and-dry climate areas only have two seasons a year. During the summer savannas have a wet season and during the winter savannas a dry season. The average temperature during wet seasons is seventy-seven fahrenheit. On the other hand the average temperature for dry season is sixty-eight fahrenheit. The changing climate is caused by changing winds and ocean currents....
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...affected by subtropical anticyclones and the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) that we studied was the transitional climate of Kano in Nigeria. The wet dry/climate of Kano is split into 6-month periods, November to April is the dry season and March to October is the wet season. The dry season sees no more than 20mm of rainfall in one month whereas the wet season can bring more than 260mm of rainfall in the same time period. The wet season also receives 95% of the annual rainfall. Kano is located at 12 degrees north of the equator and is around 630m above sea level. Temperatures range from 26 degrees to 34 degrees all year round and the annual precipitation is 920 mm of rainfall. This wet dry climate is due to many effects, most of them caused by subtropical and anticyclone and the movement of the ITCZ. In this essay I will assess factors that create Kano’s wet dry climate. In Kano temperatures are high throughout the year due to the sun being overhead for many months. The angle of the sun affects the amount of atmosphere the sun's radiation has to pass through. This then determines the amount of radiation that reaches the earth's surface. When the sun is directly overhead and radiation travels through least amount of atmosphere enroute to the earth's surface temperatures are higher. However, there is a short cooler season (in comparison with the equatorial climate) in tropical continental areas Like Kano during the summer months due to two factors. Firstly, this is the time...
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...During the dry season, play is significantly lower since they use most of their activity budget foraging. It was observed that 2.6% of active time was used as play during the dry season whereas it was 9.3% of active time during the wet season. Play includes behaviors that are considered “rough-and-tumble” activity. The most common of these activities consist of chasing and wrestling. Juveniles tend to spend more time with other juveniles than with adults. It is also observed that play levels decrease when there is nutritional stress, indicating that play has costs to individuals. When juveniles consume less fruits and more prey, it is also seen that play is decreased probably due to the decrease in quality of food. Play is just as important for older juveniles as it is for younger juveniles and infants. Stone’s (2008) study suggests that play is seasonal as more play occurs during wet seasons than it does dry...
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...Ethiopia is a landlocked country located in Northeastern Africa, also known as the Horn of Africa, which has a total area of 1,221,900 square kilometers. Ethiopia is bordered by Kenya to the south, Somalia to the east, Eritrea to the northeast, and Sudan to the West. The country largely consists of high plateaus. The highest peak is Ras Dashen in the Bale Mountains. The Rift Valley separates the western and eastern highlands. The biggest rivers in Ethiopia are Blue Nile, Awash, Baro, Omo, Tekkeze, Wabe Shebelle, and Genale. The regions near Somalia climate are similar to a desert atmosphere. The lower basin features hot, swampy tropical conditions, while the highlands have an Alpine climate. The majority of the population lives in highland...
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...berries. 2.) Process Analysis We start by making a process flow diagram for the flow of berries at RP1 from the moment berries arrive at the RP1 in trucks to the moment they leave in RP1 after being bag packed, bulk loaded into trucks or loaded into bulk tins. The capacities of the various processes are based on the assumptions or data as shown below: Dumping Capacity Number of Kiwanee Dumpers = 5 Average time taken by truck to load the berries onto Kiwanee Dumpers = 7.5 minutes (Maximum being 10 and minimum being 5 minutes) Average weight of berries in a truck = 75 bbls. Dumping Capacity = 5 * 75 * 60 / 7.5 = 3000 bbls/hr. Holding Bin Capacities Bin No. 1-16 can hold dry berries only up to 250 bbls per bin. Total capacity of bin numbered 1-16 = 250*16 = 4000 bbls Bin No. 17-24 can hold dry/wet berries up to 250 bbls per bin Total capacity of bin numbered 17-24 = 250*8 = 2000 bbls. Bin No. 25-27 can hold wet berries up to 400 bbls per bin Total capacity of bin numbered 25-27 = 400*3 = 1200 bbls. De-stoning Capacity No. of de-stoning units = 3 Capacity of each unit = 1500 bbls/hr Total de-stoning capacity = 4500 bbls/hr De-chaffing...
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...Geography Nigeria is located on the Gulf of Guinea in West Africa and is roughly twice the size of California. Its neighboring nations are Benin, Niger, Cameroon, and Chad. Nigeria is found in the tropics and has two different seasons, the Dry season and Rainy season. The major rivers passing through Nigeria are the Niger, the third largest river in Africa and the Benue, which flows into the Niger River. The Niger Delta sometimes called the Oil Rivers, due to the past production of palm oil. South Africa is the southern tip of Africa, which includes two islands of the southeast tip of Cape Town, Prince Edward and Marion. South Africa is roughly twice the size of Texas. It borders Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia. There are two major rivers in South Africa, the Limpopo, a stretch of which is shared with Zimbabwe, and the Orange which flows into the Vaal. The Orange River flows from east to west across the central landscape, emptying into the Atlantic Ocean at the Namibian border (Safrica.info). South Africa is different from Nigeria in that it actually has another country within its borders, Lesotho. It is in the Drakensberg Mountains where South Africa obtains water from the snowcapped peaks of the landlocked nation. Also, South Africa has three capitals, while Nigeria has one, Abuja. Bloemfontein is the capital of the judiciary, Cape Town is the legislative capital, and Pretoria is the administrative capital, as well as the formal capital of the...
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...Earth Village, Environment and Pease NGO, 2012)India is also one of the countries with water shortage And India have some water problems: as stated above, water shortage, water pollution and lagging behind in sanitation. First, in India, water shortage is big problem. People are forced some difficulty by water shortage. First, during the dry season, many corner of India lack water. India has three seasons, which are monsoon, dry season and, heat season. Season of monsoon from June through September, it rains heavily. However, during the season from November through March, many corners of India get dry and lack water. Besides, the rainfall for the past ten years decreased about twenty percent, and also the dry season became long because of climate change by the global warming. In addition, people are forced to walk long distances to find water (Harris, 2013). Because the tap water of India does not fit drink. Harries (2013) explains, For example, a woman, whose name is Arphisha, Arphisha lives in Sohrarim, a village in Meghalaya, and she must walk a mile during the dry season. Sometimes her husband fetches water in the morning, but mostly the take is left to her. Indeed, fetching water mostly women’s work in...
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...SC260 Introduction to Ecology 1. Describe global patterns of atmospheric heating and circulation.? The patterns of atmospheric heating and circulation occur through air movement, and typically happen through convection where there is energy transfer from the earth’s surface (Satoh, 2013). This process takes place because of unequal heating on the earth’s surface, which then influences precipitation patterns. Atmospheric circulation is the large-scale movement of air by which heat is distributed on the surface of the Earth. The wind belts and the jet streams girdling the planet are steered by three convection cells: the Hadley cell, the Ferrel cell, and the Polar cell. While the Hadley, Ferrel, and Polar cells are major players in global heat transport, they do not act alone. Disparities in temperature also drive a set of longitudinal circulation cells, and the overall atmospheric motion is known as the zonal overturning circulation. The global circulation of the atmosphere shifts cold air from high latitudes in the direction of low latitudes, and warm air from low latitudes in the direction of high latitudes. As air rises above the surface it moves away near the top of troposphere and moves to the pole region. Advancing toward the pole the air begins to come together at about 30 degrees north and south latitude. Mechanisms that produce high precipitations in the tropics, mechanisms that produce high precipitation at temperate latitudes and mechanisms produce low precipitation...
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...Rio de Janeiro – IBRAG, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, CEP 20550-013, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil *e-mail mazzoni@uerj.br Received June 25, 2009 – Accepted September 18, 2009 – Distributed August 31, 2010 (With 3 figures) Abstract In the present study we aimed to compare the feeding ecology of Hypostomus punctatus from a coastal stream from Southeast Brazil with data previously published for the same study site before environmental changes. Feeding preferences were assessed through a sample of 138 specimens (67 from the dry and 71 from the rainy season) using the Index of Alimentary Importance (IAi). We registered five different food items (detritus, plant fragments, Diatoms, Chloroficeae and Cianobacteries) composing the species diet. Detritus was the most abundant one both during the rainy and dry seasons (IAirainny = 90.34 and IAidry = 96.30). No significant differences were registered for the volume of food items consumed during the rainy and dry seasons. The Frequency of Occurrence analysis showed that four (detritus, plant fragments, Diatoms and Chloroficeae) among the five all other consumed ones, were always frequent. Comparing our own results with those available for the study site, we suggest that the feeding habit of H. punctatus has changed according to environmental changes and that the species diet is strongly dependent upon environmental conditions. Keywords: stream-dwelling fish, detritivorous, benthonic behaviour. Ecologia trófica de Hypostomus punctatus Valenciennes...
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...marking World Water Day on Friday said was due to both natural factors and man-made development in countries upstream of the river, including dam development by China. "Unless we have a mechanism to regulate water use and support and develop it, we are bound to witness conflicts among countries that share the river," said Joern Kristensen, chief executive officer of the Mekong River Commission (MRC), an inter-governmental body that manages the river's lower basin. The most troubling period for the lower Mekong countries - Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand and Laos - is the annual dry season. So changes in river flows during this time hit them the hardest. "In the dry season, if one country upstream takes water for its own purpose, it affects the countries downstream," Kristensen said at a discussion on "Water and Conflict" at the United Nations Conference Center. The MRC's research has shown that during the dry months from around November through May, the 4,400-kilometer-long Mekong - which flows from the Tibetan plateau down to Vietnam and out to the South China Sea - is reduced to 2,000 cubic meters of flowing water per second. During the monsoon months, from around June until September, the Mekong flows at a rate of 50,000 cubic meters per second. Thus communities dependent on the Mekong downstream, such as those in Vietnam, stand to be affected the most by any changes in the river. This is the case when the river's natural flow drops during...
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...addition, according to the culture, people have to meet together to assist a person in moment of happiness or sadness. Culture is a wealth for the nation because of its diverse forms of art that keeps our history alive in the National museum. By doing so, our culture is kept from generation to generation, and people learned more about our tradition by visiting the museum. Moreover, culture is a financial wealth because not only each tribe develops a particular type of crops based on their environment; they also have enough for their own use. The excess of their product is traded, and the money is used to by what they do not have. The climate in Cameroon is diversifying. It has a Guinea type of climate characterized by four seasons such as one gig raining season,...
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...Season From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search For other uses, see Season (disambiguation). Part of the Nature series onWeather | | Calendar seasons | Spring · SummerAutumn · Winter | Tropical seasonsDry season · Wet season | Storms | Thunderstorm · Supercell Downburst · Lightning Tornado · Waterspout Tropical cyclone (Hurricane) Extratropical cyclone Winter storm · Blizzard · Ice storm Dust storm · Firestorm · Cloud | Precipitation | Drizzle · Rain · Snow · Graupel Freezing rain · Ice pellets · Hail | Topics | Meteorology · Climate Weather forecasting Heat wave · Air pollution Cold wave | Weather portal | * v t e | A season is a subdivision of the year, marked by changes in weather, ecology, and hours of daylight. Seasons result from the yearly revolution of the Earth around the Sun and the tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the plane of revolution.[1] In temperate and polar regions, the seasons are marked by changes in the intensity of sunlight that reaches the Earth's surface, variations of which may cause animals to go into hibernation or to migrate, and plants to be dormant. During May, June and July, the northern hemisphere is exposed to more direct sunlight because the hemisphere faces the sun. The same is true of the southern hemisphere in November, December and January. It is the tilt of the Earth that causes the Sun to be higher in the sky during the summer months which increases the solar flux. However...
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...Geographic characteristics such as land slope and soils properties are aggravate to water quality degradation (Reopannichkul et al., 2010). Rainfall, the cause of water level and water flow are higher than dry season to increase nutrients in river especially in agricultural zone of the Mun river basin (Akter and Babel, 2012). Agricultural practice in Nakhon Nayok province in off-season is the problem for water quality management because of nutrients carried out to river by rain (Seeboonruang, 2012). Wet season and rain fall make crisis with wastewater from industry and surface water in Lahan swamp of Chaiyaphum (Pongpetch and Suwanwaree, 2012) and increasing nutrients in Ayutthaya watershed because of water level and water flow increased (Supatimusro et al.,...
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...A. Atif2, Asghar Ali2 and Muhammad Mudassar Maqbool3 ABSTRACT Farmers’ efforts to control Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) weeds provide low economic returns as the information regarding critical weedcrop competition period is lacking. We investigated the critical weed-crop competition period in sesame at the Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad Pakistan during summer season (July-November) 2005. Treatments were weed-crop competition periods (WCCP) of 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 weeks after emergence in addition to full season competition and full season weedy check as negative and positive controls, respectively. A gradual decrease from 6.88 to 12.40 % in seed yield was recorded with 6 weeks to full season weed-crop competition. Non significant reduction in seed yield was observed up to 5 weeks WCCP. Weed crop competition for a period of 3 weeks did not show significant decrease in straw yield, number of capsules plant-1, number of seeds capsule-1 and 1000 seed weight, whereas a significant decline in all these parameters was noted as WCCP exceeded 3 weeks. Weed density and dry weight did not increase significantly until WCCP was prolonged up to 3 and 4 weeks, respectively. This study led to conclude that although growth decline was started after 3rd week, however significant yield decline was noticed from 6th week after crop emergence. Key Words: Yield, weeds, competition period, Sesamum indicum L. INTRODUCTION Pakistan is annually spending Rs.77.78 billion on...
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