...THE ADVANTAGES OF IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION There are numerous advantages by using in-vitro fertilization as far as medical treatments go, and it’s definitely not something to be undertaken without a lot of careful considerations. For humans, there are some certain types of infertility, and IVF has the obvious benefit of solving this problem. Researches and procedures regarding this method present us the advantages of using this method. It is very important to know that prenatal diagnosis represent a major side of IVF; based on these diagnoses, that could determine any disease that may exist; the right decisions can be taken. One recessive disease is about cystic fibrosis, a common disease today. Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease meaning that there is a disruption in the body’s salt balance, leading to disability; it leaves too little salt and water on the outside of cells and is causing a thin layer of mucus. Handyside, PH.D. is describing the advantage of in-vitro fertilization, based on the prenatal diagnosis that would avoid any risks of having affected children, due to the cystic fibrosis. Doctor Handyside is explaining what is causing this disease in his article “Birth of a Normal Girl After In Vitro Fertilization and Preimplantation Diagnostic Testing for Cystic Fibrosis.” He described what the cause of this disease is; there is an Alfa F508 three-nucleotide deletion. Once a woman got this, it means that is impossible to get pregnant. “In vitro fertilization techniques...
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...STARTING A FAMILY In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) For some couples, starting a family isn’t the easiest thing to do. In these cases, couples wanting children but are having troubles conceiving will sometimes turn to assisted reproductive technologies (ART) to fulfill their dreams of becoming parents. There are different forms of ART, and I am going to focus on in vitro fertilization. What is in vitro fertilization? In vitro fertilization is the process in which the eggs from a woman’s ovary are removed and are fertilized with sperm in a laboratory procedure. The eggs are then returned to the woman’s uterus. How is the procedure done? How much does it cost? This procedure can cost anywhere from $10,000 to $17,000 in Canada. Some background The first successful child-birth conceived through in vitro fertilization was born July 25th, 1978, which means she is now 37. Robert G. Edwards was the psychologist who developed this treatment, and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Why is this procedure done? IVF can be used to treat patients with the following problems: • Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes • Male infertility (decreased sperm count or sperm motility) • Women with ovulation disorders, premature ovarian failure, uterine fibroids • Women who have had their fallopian tubes removed • Individuals with a genetic disorder • Unexplained infertility Risks With all procedures come risks, with in vitro fertilization, some risks...
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...Effect of Acupuncture on In Vitro Fertilization Success Compared to In Vitro Fertilization Alone I am examining the effects of acupuncture on assisted reproductive therapy, namely in vitro fertilization (IVF). This topic is of interest to me because of personal curiosities due to having undergone assistive reproductive procedures. My eyes and ears are always open to the latest advancements and experiences of others within the realm of infertility treatments. I attended a conference last month in which the specialist recommended seeing an acupuncturist as an adjunct method for increasing fertility. This therapy would be a meeting of old world Eastern therapy and the new advancements of Western medicine. This idea has left me wondering if there is greater success when using acupuncture in conjunction with IVF compared to using IVF alone. Johnson, D. (2006). Acupuncture prior to an at embryo transfer in an assisted conception unit – a case series. Acupuncture in Medicine, 24(1), 23-28. This article gives data from a quantitative research study that compared IVF success rates with patients undergoing acupuncture therapy prior to and after embryo transfer with patients who participated in IVF only. The sample population for this case study involved 22 female patients voluntarily electing IVF treatment at an England hospital between 2002 and 2005, with average age of 36.2 years. All patients were self-referred for acupuncture by seeing pamphlets placed in...
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...Will you be their voice? Lloyd biggle Jr. once stated “Life is life’s greatest gift. Guard the life of another creature as you would your own, because it is your own. On life’s scale of values, the smallest is no less precious to the creature who owns it than the largest.” Think about what that quote means. Is any persons’ life more important than that of an animal? Would you be willing to speak up for them? Are you up for the challenge? You might not be, but we shall see if I can change your mind after reading this. Humans have long used animals for a variety of purposes. For hundreds of thousands of years, people have hunted for food and clothing. Between 10,000 and 18,000 years ago, humans began to domesticate animals such as dogs, goats, sheep, and chickens as beasts of burden and as food. For at least 2,500 years, animals have been used in circuses and other forms of entertainment. In the second century C.E., the Greek scientist Galen conducted some of the first medical experiments on living animals. When one thinks of animal rights, I am sure they think of the sad commercials, or peta. Well there is more to it than that. There are tens of thousands of animal rights activists and organizations around the world, though relatively few are major players. Why is this? Why is it that we as a nation, heck even as a community will stand up for everything and anything except animals? They have feelings too, even if they can not show them like humans can, they still have them....
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...Contains Nonbinding Recommendations Guidance on Ramipril This guidance represents the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) current thinking on this topic. It does not create or confer any rights for or on any person and does not operate to bind FDA or the public. You can use an alternative approach if the approach satisfies the requirements of the applicable statutes and regulations. If you want to discuss an alternative approach, contact the Office of Generic Drugs. Active ingredient: Form/Route: Recommended studies: 1. Ramipril Capsule/ Oral 2 studies Type of study: Fasting Design: Single-dose, two-treatment, two-period crossover in-vivo Strength: 10 mg Subjects: Normal healthy males and females, general population Additional Comments: Female subjects enrolled in the BE studies should not be pregnant, and if applicable, should practice abstention or contraception during the study. ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Type of study: Fed Design: Single-dose, two-treatment, two-period crossover in-vivo Strength: 10 mg Subjects: Normal healthy males and females, general population Additional comments: Please see comment above. ______________________________________________________________________________ Analytes to measure (in appropriate biological fluid): Ramipril and the metabolite, ramiprilat in plasma. Bioequivalence based on (90% CI): Ramipril. If ramipril can be reliably measured, a confidence interval approach for...
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...Unlucky Chucky Part 1 2) D-tubocurarine, the active ingredient in curare, binds to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor sites at the neuromuscular junction. In high concentrations, d-tubocurarine competes with the acetylcholine and blocks the nicotinic receptor sites. 3) Curare works by blocking the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction. This prevents the metabolisation of acetylcholine by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. The excess build-up of acetylcholine continues to stimulate the muscles, preventing the relaxation of the muscle. This causes Chucky to be paralyzed as acetylcholinesterase is not able to break down the acetylcholine, preventing him from relaxing his muscles. Effects of curare has a time of onset of about 5 minutes, and lasts for 60-120 minutes. Due to the inability to move and relax voluntary muscles, including the diaphragm, victims of curare poisoning fall into a state of paralysis and are at risk of dying from respiratory failure. In this case, unless Chucky is administered artificial respiration to aid his breathing until the effects of curare wears off, he will die from respiratory failure. Unlucky Chucky Part 2 2) Curare is a competitive antagonist which blocks the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction. This means that curare binds to the receptor but does not activate it, preventing the metabolisation of acetylcholine by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. By preventing acetylcholinesterase from breaking...
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...frogs however, only one in every thousand developed normally , all of which were sterile. The rest of the frogs that survived grew to abnormally large sizes. In 1993, scientist and director of the in vitro lab at George Washington University, Jerry Hall and associate Robert Stillman, reported the first ever successful cloning of human embryos. It was the discovery of in- vitro fertilization in the 1940’s that began the pursuit to ease the suffering of infertile couples. After years of research, scientists learned that "in a typical in-vitro procedure, doctors will insert three to five embryos in hopes that, at most, one or two will implant" (Elmer-Dewitt 38). And that "a woman with only one embryo has about a 10% to 20% chance of getting pregnant through in-vitro fertilization. If that embryo could be cloned and turned into three or four, thechances of a successful pregnancy would increase significantly"(Elmer- Dewitt 38). The experiment the scientists performed is the equivalent of a mother producing twins. The process has been practiced and almost perfected in livestock for the past ten years, and some scientists believe that it seems only logical that it would be the next step in in-vitro fertilization. The procedure was remarkably simple. Hall and Stillman "selected embryos that were abnormal because they came from eggs that had been fertilized by more than one sperm" (Elmer-Dewitt...
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...women there is no problem getting pregnant and bringing a child in this world, but for some this is a very big issue and can’t be achieved by without treatment. In today’s world, science has given a great hope to infertile parents. Assisted Fertilization or In Vitro Fertilization has become an established treatment for many forms of infertility. The main goal of IVF is to allow a patient the opportunity to become pregnant using her own eggs and sperms from her partner or from a donor. While assisted reproductive technology (ART), including in vitro fertilization has given hope to millions of couples suffering from infertility, it has also introduced countless ethical, legal and social challenges. Every religion and culture has its own beliefs on bringing a child to this world. When does the life begin? Some religious beliefs are that life begins when sperm meets the eggs and some believe that when child is fully delivered by the mother. Some say if you can’t have a baby in God’s way just adopt a kid. There are so many kids can use good parents. Regardless what religion or other believes about child birth, this should be parent’s decision whether to use the IVF treatment with conceiving a child or not. In vitro fertilization eggs injected with sperms outside the women’s uterus to produce healthy embryos. The success of...
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...Dealing with infertility can be a stressful, emotional experience, particularly if your friends or relatives have no trouble getting pregnant. Celia Dominguez, M.D., co-director of Pacific In Vitro Fertilization Institute understands the pain infertile couples experience. She and her colleagues at the Honolulu, HI, fertility treatment center use the latest techniques and innovations to improve fertility. During the past 31, years, the Hawaiian fertility doctors assisted in 4,600 successful pregnancies. Finding a doctor with significant experience in the field of infertility is a priority. Dr. Dominguez has an impressive background in reproductive medicine. After receiving her medical degree from George Washington University in Washington,...
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...Nathan Johnson Persuasive Essay Human Cloning Cloning humans has recently become a possibility that seems much more realistic in today's society than it was twenty years ago. It is a method that involves the production of a group of identical cells or organisms that all derive from a single individual (Grolier 220). It is not known when or how cloning humans really became a possibility, but it is known that there are two possible ways that we can clone humans. The first way involves splitting an embryo into several halves and creating many new individuals from that embryo. The second method of cloning a human involves taking cells from an already existing human being and cloning them, in turn creating other individuals that are identical to that particular person. With these two methods almost at our fingertips, we must ask ourselves two very important questions: Can we do this, and should we? There is no doubt that many problems involving the technological and ethical sides of this issue will arise and will be virtually impossible to avoid, but the overall idea of cloning humans is one that we should accept as a possible reality for the future. Cloning humans is an idea that has always been thought of as something that could be found in science fiction novels, but never as a concept that society could actually experience. "It is much in the news. The public has been bombarded with newspaper articles, magazine stories, books, television shows, and movies as well as cartoons¨...
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...Sarah Gardiner ENC 1101 July 20, 2 The past present and future of In Vitro My fondest childhood memories are often pictured with my oldest most faithful childhood companion Kate, better known as my cabbage patch kid. I tended to her silent cries of hunger, and tucked her in every night for bed. I changed her clothes, kissed her cuts and scrapes, and even let her bathe in the washing machine and tumble dry on delicate. I am a nurturer by nature and although I will wait, I can’t wait to be a mother. Imagine my shock and disbelief when I realized not all women can produce children. In Vitro is a process in which an egg is fertilized by sperm outside of the body in a test tube or petri dish. Once the egg is fertilized it is then places inside the womb where a successful pregnancy can occur. Thanks to in vitro or IVF millions of babies are born to parents who have been unsuccessful at conceiving naturally. Professor Robert Edwards is to thank for the invention of IVF. His research and hard work resulted in the first “test tube baby” in July of 1978. In 2010 Professor Edwards was awarded with the noble prize for his efforts and accomplishments. Starting off Edwards was required to seek private donations for funding. Bourn hall outside of Cambridge was built in 1980 and was the first IVF clinic. “When I explained what I wanted to do they thought I was barmy” (Edwards). Since his research, it is estimated that about 4.3 million “test tube” babies have been conceived. Edwards...
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...Christopher Evans 09/21/2014 Dr. Amoah ANSC 4833 Routes of Fertilization Artificial insemination is a technique that can help treat certain kinds of infertility in both humans and animals. They all have their own unique ways of carrying out their procedure, but all to aid with fertilization in humans and in animals. Justification The reason that the growth of the particular technology is so important is that it can effect so many births animals but particularly focused on humans. From females of older age, with poor egg quality, and severe endometriosis. More factors that lessen chances of success is poor sperm quality or severe damage to fallopian tubes. Females with "unreceptive cervical mucus" are also good candidates for artificial insemination. In these females, the mucus surrounding the cervix is hostile to sperm and prevents sperm from getting into the uterus and fallopian tubes. Artificial insemination allows the sperm to skip the cervical mucus entirely. Doctors also often suggest artificial insemination when they cannot determine the reason a couple is infertile. Description Cervical insemination is the direct introduction of sperm into a female's uterus or cervix for the purpose of achieving a pregnancy through in vivo fertilization by means other than sexual intercourse. Cervical Inseminations’ procedure takes about ten minutes to perform. The health care provider will insert a thin and flexible catheter through the woman's vagina until it reaches the...
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...University of Phoenix Material Foundations of Human Development Worksheet Write the key features, listed below, into the correct life stage of development and most significantly affected age range. In your own words, provide an explanation of the term and how it affects the developmental stage. An example is provided for reference. For the purposes of this assignment, field marked “N/A” do not need to be completed. Teratogens Attachment ADHD Temperament Preoperational Thought Period | In-Vitro Fertilization Conservation Self-Concept Refined motor skills | Zygote Positive Reinforcement Sensorimotor Period Mobility | | Biological Development | Psychological or Cognitive Development | Social Development | Conception and Pre-birth | Zygotes are single cells formed by both the genetic material in the female’s egg and the male’s sperm. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a process in which a woman’s removed eggs are fertilized in a petri dish with a man’s sperm and then implanted in the woman’s uterus (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2010, p. 90). | N/A | N/A | Infancy | Attachment is where an infant is allowed to develop a sense of security from the Mother or primary caregiver by being responsive and caring to the child’s needs (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2010, p.127). Bowlby believed that the earliest bonds formed by children with their caregivers have a tremendous impact that continues throughout life. He suggested...
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...reaches school age. Prior to death, the victim suffers from blindness and muscle degeneration. Although the disease is deadly, genetic testing makes screening for the disease possible. Also, in order for the child to get Tay-Sachs disease, both parents must have at least one recessive gene for this disease. 3. Julie and her partner Karen want to conceive a child. They need to find a father. What options do they have for finding donor sperm and conceiving a child? There are two main types of ways to conceive a child due to infertility or finding a sperm donor. One option is artificial insemination, which is a procedure where the man’s sperm is put directly inside of a woman’s reproductive system. Another process is called in vitro fertilization. When doing in vitro fertilization, the woman’s egg is removed from her ovaries and a man’s sperm is used to fertilize the egg in a lab. Once this is completed, the fertilized egg is placed back in the uterus of the woman. 5. Diane and Mark are having a hard time conceiving and want to talk about the best time for her to conceive. • Explain when during her ovulation cycle she is most likely to conceive. Then explain the process through implantation into the uterus. Where in the process could she possibly fail to conceive? If Mark is suspected what would be the most likely cause? Diane is most likely to conceive when her egg is released which normally occurs 12-14 days before her period begins. When ovulation occurs in the woman, an egg...
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...Analysis In the ever-changing world of science, in vitro fertilization has taken the ability to control fertility to a new level. In “Test-Tube Babies: Solution or Problem?”, Ruth Hubbard describes just how in vitro fertilization works and the many risk factors the procedure brings with it. Having specialized in biochemistry of vision and women’s health, Hubbard reinforces the sense that her readers can trust her expertise on the subject because of her credentials and experience. Hubbard began to speak out about in vitro technology at a time when it was still new and not fully developed during 1980. She begins her essay by giving her audience statistical evidence concerning unsuccessful pregnancies...
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