Free Essay

Information and Communication Technology

In:

Submitted By Dark01
Words 646
Pages 3
Booting Your Computer¶
Introduction
Booting is a startup sequence that starts the operating system of a computer when it is turned on. A boot sequence is the initial set of operations that the computer performs when it is switched on. Every computer has a boot sequence. The average computer doesn’t understand the boot sequence but is important to know for customizing and troubleshooting your computer.
Boot Loader
Computers powered by the central processing unit can only execute code found in the systems memory. Modern operating systems and application program code and data are stored on nonvolatile memories or mass storage devices. When a computer is first powered on, it must initially rely only on the code and data stored in nonvolatile portions of the systems memory. At boot time, the operating system is not really loaded and the computer’s hardware cannot peform many complex systems actions.
The program that starts the “chain reaction” which ends with the entire operating system being loaded is known as the boot loader (or bootstrap loader). The term creatively came from early designiners imagining that before a computer “runs” it must have it’s “boots strapped”. The boot loader’s only job is to load other software for the operating system to start. Often, multiple-stage boot loaders are used, in which several small programs of increasing complexity sequentially summon one after the other, until the last of them loads the operating system.
Boot Devices
The boot device is the device from which the operating system is loaded. A modern PC BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) supports booting from various devices. These include the local hard disk drive, optical drive, floppy drive, a network interface card, and a USB device. Typically, the BIOS will allow the user to configure a boot order. If the boot order is set to: 1. CD Drive 2. Hard Disk Drive 3. Network then the BIOS will try to boot from the CD drive first, and if that fails then it will try to boot from the hard disk drive, and if that fails then it will try to boot from the network, and if that fails then it won’t boot at all.
Boot Sequence
There is a standard boot sequence that all personal computers use. First, the CPU runs an instruction in memory for the BIOS. That instruction contains a jump instruction that transfers to the BIOS start-up program. This program runs a power-on self test (POST) to check that devices the computer will rely on are functioning properly. Then, the BIOS goes through the configured boot sequence until it finds a device that is bootable. Once BIOS has found a bootable device, BIOS loads the bootsector and transfers execution to the boot sector. If the boot device is a hard drive, it will be a master boot record (MBR). The MBR code checks the partition table for an active partition. If one is found, the MBR code loads that partition’s boot sector and executes it. The boot sector is often operating system specific, however in most operating systems its main function is to load and execute the operating system kernel, which continues startup. If there is no active partition or the active parition’s boot sector is invalid, the MBR may load a secondary boot loader which will select a partition and load its boot boot secotr, which usually loads the corresponding operating system kernel.
Exercises
Worksheets * Worksheet : Define Key Terms
Labs
* Investigate Booting On Your Computer
References
* Wikipedia - Booting * Wikipedia - BIOS a hacker is someone who seeks and exploits weaknesses in a computer system or computer network 1. A computer virus is a malware program that, when executed, replicates by inserting copies of itself (possibly modified) into other computer programs, data files, or the boot sector of the hard drive; when this replication succeeds, the affected areas are then said to be "infected".

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Communication and Information Technology

...Communication and Information Technology Latasha Wright HCS/320 June 18, 2012 Patricia Bird Communication and Information Technology Communication and information technology is frequently used as way to deliver effective communication messages. Many standard organizations such as hospitals and medical facilities continue to find ways to implement and improve communication channels. For these reasons, the use of e-mail communication in the hospital setting should be used as a way to enhance communication and information technology. First, I will explain how efficient and effective e-mail communication improves hospitals’ communication between personnel and patients. Because implementing new forms of technology comes with some advantages and disadvantages; I will discuss the incentives and drawbacks as well as its influences on consumers. Next I will explain the short and long-term financial impact that e-mail communication has on organizations. Then, I will provide technical improvements with e-mail communication in the future and why. Last, I will make necessary recommendations to improve e-mail communication in the hospital environment. My hope is that this essay will provide a better understanding about the use of e-mail communication and how organizations can benefit from its use. Efficient and Effective A popular form of communication, e-mail communication, is both efficient and effective for organizational use. E-mail communication is said to...

Words: 1070 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Communication and Information Technology

...Communication and Information Technology HCS/320 January 28, 2012 Dr. B Communication and Information Technology Communication has been a key element in the health care field for many years. A patient communicates to the physician what is wrong with them, the physician communicates with the nurse what is to be done, and the information is entered into the patient file. The medical biller then bills the insurance or patient by sending an electronic claim, and the payer sends back a statement of payment. All this is considered communication. Over the years technology has advanced and the ways these communications have been used have changed. Now communication is done electronically, sent by email and even text message; there is even a way to teleconference over video phone with a patient or physician. After researching new technology I found Vocera, a communication system that makes communicating between team members faster and easier. The system uses a hand held device as well as a computer based program to communicate messages even alerts to get in touch with team members. The voice activated hand held device is the size of a cell phone and is typically hung around the neck. The hand held voice activated device can be used to call another team member, or can be used to access a paging system in case of emergency situations. Physicians can use the device to turn on their status, such as on call or on lunch break. When the computer based program is accessed by a nurse looking...

Words: 777 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Communication and Information Technology

...Communication and Information Technology Technology is spreading like a wild fire throughout the entire world. In the United States technology is used mostly for communication and is done by the use of wireless phones, text messages, social media, and emails. In health care organizations the use of technology is becoming more popular. According to University of Phoenix Communication and Information Technology (2009), In the 1990s health care organizations have struggled with technology to figure out its purpose in health care. Communication and computer based information technologies are used throughout health care organizations to improve and change the structure of health care delivery, and to increase the quality of care that patients receive. There are many different types of information technologies that are used in various health care organizations. This paper will only be presenting one information technology that is used in many health care organizations, which is Electronic Medical Records or EMR. It will also discuss how efficient and effective communication is with EMRs, the advantages and disadvantages of EMRs, the affect it has on consumers, the short term and long term financial impact, and improvements that could be made in the future. Electronic Medical Records Electronic Medical Records or EMRs are computer based medical records that allow health care organizations such as hospitals and doctors’ offices to store, retrieve, and modify patient’s health information...

Words: 1321 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Communication and Information Technology

...Communication & Information Technology Stephanie Heydon Axia College of University of Phoenix Health Care Communication Strategies HCS/320 Paul Wing February 21, 2011 Communication & Information Technology Many changes have occurred within the health care system. The biggest changes occurring within this system have been in communication and technology. Before these changes, hospitals and health care facilities kept their medical records in an area the size of a library. Now, these same medical records can be housed within a single computer. Health care communication technology is a way for providers to better manage and improve on how health care information is stored and transmitted to another provider or facility. The new technology that will allow providers to do this is EMR’s (Electronic Medical Records). Electronic Medical Records (EMR’s) is a form of patient record keeping without all the paper. The goal of this technology is to improve efficiency, management, reduction of paper and better access to patient care. Electronic medical records serve as a solution for the need of quick access to patient health information. These EMRs contain an accurate account of a patient’s history along with doctor’s notes. Electronic medical records are also kept up-to-date as each encounter in entered as soon as the patient sees the provider. EMRs have only been in existence for a little over 20 years in Western health care systems. By 2001 only 17% of US physicians had implemented...

Words: 863 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Information and Communication Technology

...Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is defined as the set of technologies which provide information through devices for communication or application such as wireless networks , television and satellite systems cellular phones, just to name a few. Information and Communication technology is also linked to various services and applications such as video conferencing and distance learning. This essay will therefore be focused on the impact of Information and Communications Technology in the health sector. Benefits of Information and Communications Technology to this sector will also be highlighted as well as some of the concerns that evolve around it and also an emerging ICT trend. The use of health communication strategies and health technologies has improved the health of populations all throughout the world which has enabled persons to understand and use information from the health care sector effectively. One benefit of ICT to the healthcare sector is the building of social support networks. According to Bau, I (2011)“The widespread use of health and communications technologies has the potential to engage patients and health consumers in their own self-care” . Even though there are many persons with the same illness worldwide, not everyone is capable of handling the mental aspect of their illness, the same way. These social support networks provide the help needed and the comfort of knowing that there is in fact, someone there for you. Another benefit of using...

Words: 676 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Communication and Information Technology

...Communication and Information Technology HCS/320 Cheryl Workman Communication and Information Technology Health care communication and information technology provides health care providers with a way to improve and manage the quality of the delivery of health care information. Electronic Medical Records (EMR) is one type of communication and information technology. According to whatis.com an EMR is “a digital version of the traditional paper-based medical record for an individual. The EMR represents a medical record within a single facility, such as a doctor's office or a clinic” (whatis.com 2008). The main goal of an EMR is to deliver safe, high quality, efficient and cost effective healthcare information. Although EMR’s have improved the delivery of health care information there is still a need for improvement. Most health care facilities have implemented EMR systems. These systems have many benefits to the health care world. There are eight major features to an EMR system: health and information data, result management, order management, decision support, electronic communication and connectivity, patient support, administrative processes, and reporting. Health information and data gives health care providers immediate access to key information including but not limited to, patient medical history, patient allergies, diagnoses, test results, and medications giving health care providers the ability to make decisions in a timely more efficient manner. Result management...

Words: 851 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Communication and Information Technology

...Communication and Information Technology Technology has given health care providers the ability to communicate over distances to provide better care for the patient. Technology has made many differences in the health care community. “Technology has become a powerful communication tool in medicine,” (pg. 21). One new development in technology is electronic medical records (EMR) and electronic health records (EHR). This technology will allow health care organizations and providers to turn paper charts into digital charts (Garrett, 2011). Although most people use the terms EMR and EHR interchangeably, there are differences between the two. EMRs are the medical information and treatment history of a patient for one organization (Garrett, 2011). EMRs give the organization the ability to track patient data so the provider can determine which patients are due for checkups. The EMR also allows health care providers to chart and list blood pressures, test results, and vaccinations. This will allow the health care provider to monitor each patient and ensure the patient is receiving proper care (Garrett, 2011). One problem with EMRs is that the information is used in one location and those records usually have to be printed out to send to another health care provider. The EHR does everything the EMR does, but the biggest difference is that the information in an EHR can be sent from one health care provider to another. EHRs help provide information to everyone, not just the provider...

Words: 798 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Communication and Information Technology

...Communication and Information Technology Paper HCS 320 April 11, 2011 As the human race has evolved so has the technology that has allowed our lives to be easier and even more productive. In the health care field advances in technology have even gone so far to allow human life expectancy to increase drastically from what it was ages ago. Technology certainly has contributed much to health care, and as we move into the 21st century advances in technology will only continue to benefit our lives. With the invention of television, phones, computers, e-mail, Internet, and videoconferencing, health care has started to use these new forms of media technology to allow patients and health care professionals to work together in a way they never could before known as Telemedicine. According to du Pre (2005), “Telemedicine is the process of communicating across distances for health-related purposes” (p. 76). Telemedicine has been extremely useful in bridging the distance gap between patients living in rural communities and doctors working in larger cities. Another advantage of telemedicine is that it has allowed health care information to be transmitted just about as quickly as it would in real life with only a short delay. This in turn has allowed health care professionals to respond quickly when time can play a critical factor in saving a patient’s life. Telemedicine also has allowed health care professionals the ability to access patient records quickly and from locations all...

Words: 875 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Information and Communication Technology

...British Educational Research Journal ISSN: 0141-1926 (Print) 1469-3518 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cber20 Do new information and communications technologies have a role to play in the achievement of education for all? Jenny Leach To cite this article: Jenny Leach (2008) Do new information and communications technologies have a role to play in the achievement of education for all?, British Educational Research Journal, 34:6, 783-805, DOI: 10.1080/01411920802041392 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411920802041392 Published online: 30 Aug 2010. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 335 View related articles Citing articles: 6 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=cber20 Download by: [University of Technology Sydney] Date: 20 September 2015, At: 03:44 Downloaded by [University of Technology Sydney] at 03:44 20 September 2015 British Educational Research Journal Vol. 34, No. 6, December 2008, pp. 783–805 Do new information and communications technologies have a role to play in the achievement of education for all? Jenny Leach* Many commentators have suggested that the use of new information and communications technologies (ICTs) has significant potential in providing access to, and improving the quality of, teacher education. Such an idea is particularly relevant for...

Words: 11027 - Pages: 45

Free Essay

Communication and Information Technology

...Side 1 af 12 sider Answer either A or B A The texts in Section A focus on new communication and information technology and how we use it. Write a paper (700-1000 words) in which you answer the following questions. Answer the questions separately. 1. Give an outline of the use of information and communication technology as it is presented in texts 1 and 2. 2. What is Stuart Jeffries' attitude to mobile phones and e-mail in text 3, and how does he express it? Illustrate your answer with examples from the text. 3. On the basis of the review of Mark Bauerlein's book The Dumbest Generation (text 4), discuss some appropriate ways of using the Internet. Texts 1. Matt Richtel, "Don't Want to Talk About It? Order a Missed Call", an article from The New York Times website, 2008. 2. Andrew Keen, "Sex, Lies and the Internet", an excerpt from his book The Cult of the Amateur. How Today's Internet is Killing Our Culture and Assaulting Our Economy, 2007. 3. Stuart Jeffries, "Technophobia - the sign of a born leader?", a comment from The Guardian website, 2008. 4. Lee Drutman, "Review of Mark Bauerlein's book The Dumbest Generation", a review from Los Angeles Times website, 2008. B Write an essay (700-1000 words) in which you analyse and interpret Jo Cannon's short story "Insignificant Gestures". Your essay must include the following points: - a characterization of the narrator the relationship between the narrator and Celia the narrator's error of judgment ...

Words: 5298 - Pages: 22

Free Essay

Communication and Information Technology Paper

...Communication and Information Technology Paper Althea McDaniel HCS/240 March 25, 2012 Tralicia Brown Human communication is "the process through which individuals in relationships, groups, organizations, and societies create and use information to relate with others" (Edwards, 2007). "As individuals, communication is our link to the world, our means of making impressions, expressing ourselves, influencing others, and giving ourselves" (Ruben & Stewart, 2006). Communication involves interaction between two or more individuals. "Communication is the means of pursuing joint activities, relating to each other, and sharing ideas" (Ruben & Stewart, 2006). The ability to perform communication is what we take for granted. Every day we use speaking, reading, writing, and understanding skills. We express our feelings, share thoughts and opinions, exchange information. We cannot imagine our lives without communication, which is the foundation we build our lives on. However, according to World Health Organization approximately 10% of world’s populations are disabled people. Main types of disabilities that make communication challenging affect hearing (deaf people or those having a hearing loss), language (people having difficulties with speaking, reading, writing and understanding others), cognition (people with problems regarding remembering, learning, understanding, or problem-solving) and movement (people having difficulties moving...

Words: 1137 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

The Impact of Information Communication Technology

...ESSAY ON IMPACT OF C/T ON PERSONAL BUSINESS LIFE Conclusion Communications Impacts In the past the manual and verbal method of communication was the norm on all aspects of our lives. Communications mediums have changed beyond recognition with the advancement of Technology. In this essay I will provide an overview of three forms of Technology: Mobile Phone, the Internet, the E-Mail. I will also explain current development in C/T and discuss the role of legislation on the industry. Mobile Technology: Mobile Technology is the technology used for cellular communication. They come into use in 1990’s. When first introduced, it way a luxury item, today it is viewed as an essential to our existence. Old mobile technology consisted of a large handset, battery and signal difficulties and was very expensive. Since the start of this millennium a standard mobile device has gone. Today mobile are slim line, cheaper and can perform of many functions: Personal Mobile use: * To call * To Text * Camera functions * Games * Alarm * Email * Internet * Calendar * App Store Business use: * To communications with staff, customers/business partners Advantages of Mobile Technology: * 24/7/365 contact * Accessible at all time * Variety of services available via any mobile * Mobile Marketing reaches new and existing customers * Sending out special offers and tracking responses. * GPS in phone can help to...

Words: 867 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Information and Communication Technology (Ict)

...Information and communications technology  ICT is inevitably related to the computer network. Information and Communications Technology or (ICT), is often used as an extended synonym for information technology (IT), but is a more specific term that stresses the role of unified communications[1] and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals), computers as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audio-visual systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information.[2] The phrase ICT had been used by academic researchers since the 1980s,[3] but it became popular after it was used in a report to the UK government by Dennis Stevenson in 1997[4] and in the revised National Curriculum for England, Wales and Northern Ireland in 2000. The term ICT is now also used to refer to the convergence of audio-visual and telephone networks with computer networks through a single cabling or link system. There are large economic incentives (huge cost savings due to elimination of the telephone network) to merge the audio-visual, building management and telephone network with the computer network system using a single unified system of cabling, signal distribution and management. The term Infocommunications is used in some cases as a shorter form of information and communication(s) technology. In fact Infocommunications is the expansion of telecommunications with information processing and content...

Words: 445 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Communication/Information Technology Paper

...Communication/Information Technology Paper In many of the organizations today, one may observe a great deal of communication sources that a company may use for communicating. For example, in most health care facilities a physician may use a pager as a source for communication whenever he or she is needed or the administrative staff would rely on emails when communicating throughout the company. In researching voice recognition, this paper will include how this system affects communication in health care, the advantages and disadvantages of using the system, how efficient and effective communication is with this system, and what is the short and long term financial impact of the organization. Voice recognition is an electronic system in which the voice of a human is recognized by a machine such as a computer. In using the speech recognition systems, the system is pre-programmed with stored template words with each input of speaking is compared and the closest word or phoneme is given out. In using the voice system in health care, communication can be less complicated. When considering the use of handwriting in health care reading files or paperwork a doctor signed off on can be a puzzle in figuring out what was written. Handwriting documents gives an immediate access to a record, using the handwriting system documentation is not as comprehensive as a dictated note. Using voice recognition in communication ensures the doctor prompt and accurate documents. Voice recognition in...

Words: 1009 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Communication &Information Technology Paper

...Communication & Information Technology Paper University of Phoenix HCS/320 Health Care Communication Strategies Jada Harmon May 28, 2012 Electronic Medical Records (EMR) “is records about patient care that are kept on a computer rather than on paper, the traditional medium for patient histories. These records can include extensive information about a patient's general health, current and past illnesses and medical conditions, diagnostic test results and treatments and medications prescribed. Often, electronic medical records also include an application for prescribing and ordering medication.” (E How Health, 1999-2012) The history of EMR’S begin in the 1960’s when a doctor named Lawrence L Weed was the first to think of a theory to program and restructure patients medical records for the doctors use furthering to improve patient care. In 1967 Dr. Weed worked on a program called PROMIS (Problem Oriented Medical Information System) this was the basis to get the automated Electronic Medical Records started. This aspiration was to develop a system so that would administer timely and chronological patient information to the doctor to quickly collected information of the patient for medical purposes. During the 1970’s and 1980’s is when the Electronic Medical Records really begin to be used by hospitals by the 1990’s arrived with the progression of computers and diagnostic software Electronic Medical Records are used more increasingly. In today’s technology world time...

Words: 847 - Pages: 4